Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales

Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales Market Outlook

The global Polycythemia Vera drug sales market is anticipated to reach approximately USD 3.4 billion by 2035, expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 6.5% from 2025 to 2035. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of Polycythemia Vera (PV) among the global population, which is further exacerbated by lifestyle factors such as smoking and obesity. Moreover, the continuous advancements in drug formulations and treatment protocols, combined with rising healthcare expenditure globally, are significantly contributing to the market's expansion. The ongoing research and development efforts to discover new therapies and the growing awareness regarding early diagnosis and treatment are also instrumental in fueling the market growth. Additionally, the surge in the geriatric population, who are at a higher risk of developing PV, is further propelling the demand for effective treatment options.

Growth Factor of the Market

The Polycythemia Vera drug sales market is experiencing an upsurge due to several critical factors that are enhancing its growth trajectory. Firstly, the rising incidence of hematological disorders, particularly PV, is creating a heightened demand for effective treatment options, which in turn drives the market forward. Secondly, an increase in research initiatives focused on developing innovative drugs and therapies specific to PV is broadening the treatment landscape and improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, the growing adoption of personalized medicine is paving the way for tailor-made treatment plans that enhance efficacy and safety, effectively attracting more patients to seek treatment. The burgeoning healthcare sector and the resultant increase in healthcare spending also play a vital role in this growth, as more patients gain access to essential medications. Lastly, patient education and support programs that emphasize the importance of early detection and treatment adherence are fostering a more informed patient base, which is expected to contribute positively to market growth.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global Polycythemia Vera drug sales market is projected to reach USD 3.4 billion by 2035.
• The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.5% from 2025 to 2035.
• Increasing prevalence of Polycythemia Vera is a significant growth driver.
• Advancements in drug formulations and treatment protocols are enhancing market dynamics.
• Growth in geriatric population is contributing to the demand for effective treatment options.

By Product Type

Chemotherapy Drugs:

Chemotherapy drugs represent a significant segment within the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market, primarily utilized to manage the symptoms and complications associated with the disease. These medications work by targeting and inhibiting the proliferation of abnormal blood cells, thus helping to restore normal blood parameters. Agents such as hydroxyurea are commonly prescribed and have gained prominence due to their effectiveness in reducing blood cell counts and mitigating the risk of thrombotic events. The continued research and development of novel chemotherapy agents are expected to enhance this segment, promoting better patient outcomes and adherence to treatment regimens.

Targeted Therapy Drugs:

Targeted therapy drugs have emerged as a transformative approach in the treatment of Polycythemia Vera, offering patients a more precise and effective treatment option. Medications like ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, fall under this category and have been shown to significantly improve symptoms and quality of life for patients. The ability of targeted therapies to focus on specific molecular pathways involved in PV development makes them a promising option, leading to fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. As ongoing clinical trials explore the efficacy and safety of newer agents within this segment, it is expected to witness substantial growth in the coming years.

Immunotherapy Drugs:

Immunotherapy drugs are gaining traction as an innovative treatment modality within the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market. By harnessing the body’s immune system to identify and combat abnormal blood cell proliferation, these agents offer a novel approach to managing PV. Therapies such as interferon-alpha have shown efficacy in controlling the disease and are particularly appealing due to their potential to induce lasting remission. As the field of immunotherapy continues to advance, it is likely that new agents will be developed, thereby expanding treatment options for patients and driving growth in this segment.

Hormone Therapy Drugs:

Hormone therapy drugs, while less common, play a role in managing Polycythemia Vera by targeting hormonal pathways that influence blood cell production. Agents that manipulate estrogen or androgen levels can help reduce red blood cell mass and alleviate symptoms associated with the disease. While this segment has not historically been as prominent as chemotherapy or targeted therapies, increased awareness and ongoing research into the role of hormones in PV management may lead to innovative treatment strategies and greater market presence in the future.

Others:

The 'Others' segment encompasses a range of miscellaneous drugs and treatment strategies employed in the management of Polycythemia Vera. This includes supportive care medications, such as analgesics and anticoagulants, which are utilized to manage symptoms and prevent complications associated with the disease. As healthcare providers adopt a more holistic approach to patient care, this segment is likely to see growth as more diverse treatment options are explored and implemented in clinical settings.

By Application

Hospitals:

Hospitals are a critical application segment within the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market, serving as primary care facilities where patients receive comprehensive treatment. The presence of specialized hematology departments within hospitals ensures that patients have access to advanced diagnostics and therapeutic options tailored to their specific needs. Furthermore, hospitals often participate in clinical trials and ongoing research initiatives aimed at improving PV treatment protocols, thereby fostering innovation and expanding treatment availability. This segment is expected to grow as healthcare systems continue to enhance their hematology services and drive patient referrals.

Clinics:

Clinics, particularly outpatient facilities, play an increasingly important role in the management of Polycythemia Vera as they offer a convenient setting for regular monitoring and treatment follow-up. Many patients prefer the accessibility and personalized care provided by clinics, which allows for ongoing management of their condition without the need for hospital admissions. As the burden of chronic diseases like PV increases, more clinics are equipped with the necessary resources and expertise to deliver effective treatment options, thereby driving growth within this application segment.

Retail Pharmacies:

Retail pharmacies are essential in the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market as they provide patients with convenient access to prescription medications. With the increasing prevalence of PV, the demand for reliable pharmacy services is expected to rise, facilitating the timely acquisition of necessary drugs. Many retail pharmacies have also implemented patient education programs and medication management services to support patients in adhering to their treatment regimens, thus reinforcing their role in the healthcare continuum. The growth of this segment will likely be supported by expanding pharmacy networks and enhanced collaborations with healthcare providers.

Online Pharmacies:

The online pharmacy segment is rapidly gaining traction in the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market, offering patients an alternative means to access their medications conveniently. With the rise of telemedicine and digital healthcare services, patients can now order their treatments online, often at competitive prices and with the added benefit of home delivery. This segment is particularly appealing to individuals who may have mobility issues or prefer privacy in managing their health conditions. As e-commerce continues to thrive, the online pharmacy market is expected to expand significantly, providing increased accessibility to PV medications.

Others:

The 'Others' application segment encompasses various alternative treatment settings, including specialty clinics and integrative health centers that offer complementary therapies for managing Polycythemia Vera. These facilities provide patients with a broader range of options, combining conventional treatments with holistic approaches aimed at improving overall well-being. As patients seek more comprehensive and individualized care, this segment is anticipated to grow, reflecting a shift towards patient-centered healthcare models that prioritize both physical and emotional health.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

Online stores are becoming increasingly significant in the distribution of Polycythemia Vera medications, providing patients with a convenient platform to purchase drugs from the comfort of their homes. The growth of e-commerce, coupled with the pandemic's impact on shopping habits, has accelerated the shift toward online pharmaceutical sales. By offering competitive pricing, user-friendly interfaces, and extensive product availability, online pharmacies are attracting a growing number of patients seeking easy access to their prescribed treatments. This channel's expansion is expected to continue as technology and logistics improve, further facilitating the delivery of medications to patients.

Supermarkets/Hypermarkets:

Supermarkets and hypermarkets serve as an important distribution channel for Polycythemia Vera medications, particularly in regions where these retailers offer pharmacy services. They provide convenience and accessibility for patients, allowing them to purchase medications while shopping for other essentials. Many large retailers have established partnerships with pharmaceutical companies to stock a wide range of treatments, enhancing their role in the healthcare landscape. As supermarkets continue to expand their pharmacy offerings, this distribution channel is anticipated to experience growth, especially in locations with limited access to traditional pharmacies.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores, including health and wellness shops, are another distribution channel for Polycythemia Vera medications, focusing on targeted treatments and holistic health solutions. These stores often cater to specific patient needs and may provide personalized consultations to help individuals find suitable products. The growing trend of health-conscious consumers seeking alternative and complementary therapies is expected to support the growth of this distribution channel, as more patients explore various options for managing their condition effectively.

Others:

The 'Others' distribution channel segment includes various non-traditional venues for distributing Polycythemia Vera medications, such as direct sales, mail-order services, and community pharmacies. As healthcare delivery models evolve, these alternative channels are becoming more prominent, offering patients greater flexibility in accessing their treatments. Additionally, the integration of digital health solutions and telepharmacy services is expected to enhance the accessibility of medications within this channel, contributing to increased patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment regimens.

By Ingredient Type

Hydroxyurea:

Hydroxyurea remains one of the cornerstone treatments in the management of Polycythemia Vera, primarily due to its efficacy in reducing red blood cell counts and alleviating symptoms. As a chemotherapeutic agent, it works by inhibiting DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, leading to a decrease in the production of excess blood cells. The availability of generic formulations has made hydroxyurea both cost-effective and widely accessible, thus garnering its continued use in clinical practice. As new research emerges to support its role in combination therapies, this ingredient is expected to maintain its significance in the treatment landscape.

Interferon-alpha:

Interferon-alpha is another critical ingredient type utilized in the management of Polycythemia Vera, offering a unique mechanism of action by modulating the immune system. This immunotherapy has demonstrated potential in controlling the proliferation of blood cells while promoting a more balanced immune response. Its ability to induce remission in some patients makes it a valuable option, especially for those who are intolerant to other treatments. As ongoing studies explore its long-term effects and optimal dosing strategies, interferon-alpha is anticipated to hold a vital position in future treatment regimens.

Ruxolitinib:

Ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, has revolutionized the treatment landscape for Polycythemia Vera, particularly for patients with symptomatic disease. By targeting the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, this medication effectively reduces the production of blood cells and alleviates symptoms such as headaches and pruritus. Its introduction has provided a novel therapeutic option for patients who may not respond well to traditional therapies. As additional studies refine its use and combination with other treatments, ruxolitinib is poised for sustained growth within the market.

Busulfan:

Busulfan is utilized in specific cases of Polycythemia Vera, particularly in patients who require more aggressive treatment strategies. As an alkylating agent, it works by disrupting the DNA of rapidly dividing cells, leading to a reduction in red blood cells and overall blood volume. While its use is less common compared to other agents, busulfan remains an important option in the treatment paradigm for select patients, particularly those who may have failed other therapies. Its role in combination treatment regimens is also being explored, which may increase its market presence in the future.

Others:

The 'Others' ingredient type segment includes various adjunctive therapies and supportive care medications that are employed in the management of Polycythemia Vera. These may consist of anticoagulants, analgesics, and other drugs that help manage complications arising from the disease. While these drugs do not directly treat PV, they play a critical role in improving patients' quality of life and managing associated symptoms. As healthcare providers adopt a more comprehensive approach to PV management, this segment is expected to gain traction, underscoring the importance of holistic care in treating chronic diseases.

By Region

The regional analysis of the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market reveals diverse dynamics, with North America leading the market owing to its advanced healthcare infrastructure and high prevalence of the disease. The region is expected to account for approximately 40% of the total market share by 2035, driven by a well-established pharmaceutical sector and significant investments in research and development. The CAGR for North America is projected to be around 6.7%, primarily influenced by the increasing adoption of novel therapies and improved access to healthcare services. Additionally, patient awareness campaigns and educational initiatives are expected to foster better disease management practices, further enhancing market growth in this region.

Europe is another prominent region in the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market, anticipated to capture around 30% of the market share by 2035. The region's growth is bolstered by extensive healthcare coverage and a rising geriatric population, which contributes to the increasing incidence of hematological disorders. Additionally, European countries are witnessing a surge in clinical trials and research collaborations focused on developing innovative therapies for PV. The CAGR for Europe is estimated at approximately 6.2%, reflecting the growing emphasis on personalized treatment approaches and advancements in drug formulations. Asia Pacific is also emerging as a significant market, with a projected share of about 20% by 2035, driven by improving healthcare access and rising awareness regarding early diagnosis and treatment.

Opportunities

The Polycythemia Vera drug sales market is poised for significant opportunities, particularly with the ongoing advancements in medical research and drug development. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly focusing on the development of novel therapies that target specific pathways involved in the pathogenesis of PV, which could lead to more effective and safer treatment options. Furthermore, the trend towards personalized medicine, which tailors treatment based on an individual patient’s genetic makeup and disease profile, is expected to open new avenues for innovative therapies. As these advancements continue to emerge, they will not only enhance treatment outcomes but also expand the overall market potential for PV treatments. Additionally, the growing emphasis on early detection and patient education is likely to drive demand for effective treatment options, ultimately fostering growth within the market.

Another significant opportunity lies in the increasing collaboration between healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies to enhance patient access to medications. Initiatives aimed at improving healthcare delivery models, coupled with the rise of telemedicine, are expected to facilitate better patient engagement and adherence to prescribed therapies. Moreover, geographic expansion into developing regions presents a lucrative opportunity for market players, as rising disposable incomes and improving healthcare infrastructure create a favorable environment for the distribution of PV medications. As the global landscape continues to evolve, stakeholders in the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market have the potential to leverage these opportunities to drive growth and improve patient care on a broader scale.

Threats

Despite the promising growth prospects, the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market faces several threats that could impede its progress. One of the primary threats is the increasing competition from generic drug manufacturers, which can lead to price erosion and reduced profit margins for established brands. As more generic versions of PV drugs enter the market, patients may opt for these cost-effective alternatives, thereby impacting the revenue of branded therapies. Additionally, regulatory challenges and stringent approval processes for new drug formulations can hinder the timely introduction of innovative therapies. This may result in delays in addressing the evolving treatment needs of patients and limit the market's potential for growth. Furthermore, the unpredictability of healthcare policies and reimbursement frameworks across different regions can create uncertainty for stakeholders, affecting investment decisions and market stability.

Another critical concern is the potential for adverse effects related to existing therapies, which may lead to patient non-compliance and a shift towards alternative treatment options. As awareness grows regarding the importance of patient safety and quality of life, healthcare providers may be compelled to explore less conventional approaches, which can disrupt the traditional market dynamics. Additionally, the emergence of new hematological disorders and changing patient demographics may alter treatment patterns, presenting challenges for market stakeholders to adapt to the evolving landscape. Addressing these threats will require market participants to remain agile and responsive to changing healthcare trends and patient needs.

Competitor Outlook

• Novartis AG
• Roche Holding AG
• Pfizer Inc.
• Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Incyte Corporation
• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• Celgene Corporation
• Amgen Inc.
• AstraZeneca PLC
• Gilead Sciences, Inc.
• Sanofi S.A.
• Merck & Co., Inc.
• Johnson & Johnson
• AbbVie Inc.
• Mylan N.V.

The competitive landscape of the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market is characterized by the presence of several key players, each striving to enhance their market position through innovative product development, strategic alliances, and targeted marketing approaches. Major pharmaceutical companies such as Novartis AG and Roche Holding AG are at the forefront due to their extensive portfolios of hematological therapies and ongoing commitment to research and development. These companies are investing heavily in clinical trials aimed at exploring novel treatment options, thereby reinforcing their leadership positions in the market. Additionally, the entrance of biotechnology firms like Incyte Corporation, which specializes in developing targeted therapies for PV, is intensifying competition and driving advancements within the treatment landscape.

The ongoing collaborations and partnerships among various stakeholders are also shaping the competitive dynamics of the Polycythemia Vera drug sales market. Companies are increasingly forming alliances with academic institutions and research organizations to leverage expertise and accelerate the development of new therapies. Furthermore, the focus on personalized medicine and the exploration of combination therapies are fostering innovative approaches to PV management. This collaborative spirit among key players is expected to enhance the overall treatment landscape, ultimately benefiting patients with Polycythemia Vera.

In terms of market share, companies like Pfizer Inc. and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company hold significant positions due to their well-established product lines and strong distribution networks. These firms are actively working to expand their geographic footprint and improve access to their medications across various regions. Furthermore, the emphasis on patient support programs and educational initiatives is helping these companies build stronger relationships with healthcare providers and patients alike, bolstering their competitive advantage. As the market continues to evolve, the ability of these companies to adapt to changing healthcare trends and patient needs will be crucial in maintaining their leadership positions.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Amgen Inc.
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Mylan N.V.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 AbbVie Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Novartis AG
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Pfizer Inc.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Sanofi S.A.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 AstraZeneca PLC
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Roche Holding AG
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Johnson & Johnson
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Merck & Co., Inc.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Incyte Corporation
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Celgene Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Gilead Sciences, Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Hospitals
    • 6.1.2 Clinics
    • 6.1.3 Retail Pharmacies
    • 6.1.4 Online Pharmacies
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Chemotherapy Drugs
    • 6.2.2 Targeted Therapy Drugs
    • 6.2.3 Immunotherapy Drugs
    • 6.2.4 Hormone Therapy Drugs
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Hydroxyurea
    • 6.3.2 Interferon-alpha
    • 6.3.3 Ruxolitinib
    • 6.3.4 Busulfan
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Stores
    • 6.4.2 Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
    • 6.4.3 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.4 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Polycythemia Vera Drug Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Chemotherapy Drugs
• Targeted Therapy Drugs
• Immunotherapy Drugs
• Hormone Therapy Drugs
• Others

By Application

• Hospitals
• Clinics
• Retail Pharmacies
• Online Pharmacies
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
• Specialty Stores
• Others

By Ingredient Type

• Hydroxyurea
• Interferon-alpha
• Ruxolitinib
• Busulfan
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Novartis AG
• Roche Holding AG
• Pfizer Inc.
• Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Incyte Corporation
• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• Celgene Corporation
• Amgen Inc.
• AstraZeneca PLC
• Gilead Sciences, Inc.
• Sanofi S.A.
• Merck & Co., Inc.
• Johnson & Johnson
• AbbVie Inc.
• Mylan N.V.