Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire

Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Wire Market Outlook

The global market for hot dip galvanized steel wire is projected to reach approximately USD 5.7 billion by 2035, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 6.2% from 2025 to 2035. The increasing demand for durable and corrosion-resistant materials across various industries, including construction and agriculture, is a key factor driving this market's growth. Additionally, the rising investment in infrastructure development and urbanization, particularly in emerging economies, has resulted in a notable surge in demand for hot dip galvanized steel wire. Furthermore, advancements in galvanization technologies have improved product quality and performance, further contributing to market expansion. Other growth factors include the growing focus on sustainable construction practices and the increasing usage of galvanized steel wire in transportation and logistics applications.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the primary growth factors of the hot dip galvanized steel wire market is the escalating demand for high-strength materials that can withstand harsh environmental conditions. Industries such as construction and agriculture are increasingly opting for galvanized wire due to its superior corrosion resistance and durability. Moreover, governments worldwide are implementing stringent regulations regarding construction materials, encouraging the use of galvanized steel to comply with building codes and safety standards. The increasing awareness regarding the advantages of galvanized steel, including its low maintenance needs and extended lifespan, further propels its adoption in various applications. Additionally, the trend towards sustainable practices is fostering the development of innovative galvanization processes, thereby enhancing product performance and environmental compliance. The growing population and urbanization will continue to drive the need for infrastructure projects, which in turn will sustain the demand for hot dip galvanized steel wire.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global hot dip galvanized steel wire market is expected to witness significant growth owing to increasing industrial applications.
• Emerging economies are projected to be key contributors to market expansion due to rapid urbanization and infrastructure development.
• Technological advancements in galvanization methods are anticipated to improve product efficiency and durability.
• Government initiatives promoting sustainable construction practices are driving demand for high-quality galvanized products.
• The construction and agriculture sectors are the largest consumers of hot dip galvanized steel wire, boosting overall market growth.

By Product Type

Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Wire:

Hot-dip galvanized steel wire is the most recognized type within the galvanized wire category, characterized by its excellent resistance to corrosion and mechanical strength. This product is created by immersing steel wire in molten zinc, forming a robust protective coating that enhances its durability, making it highly suitable for outdoor applications. The construction and agricultural industries primarily drive the demand for hot-dip galvanized steel wire due to its application in reinforcing bars, fencing, and other structural components. As infrastructure projects increase globally, the demand for this product remains strong, ensuring its leading position in the market. The ongoing trends toward higher quality and longer-lasting materials are also favoring the growth of hot-dip galvanized steel wire, as its attributes align with these requirements.

Electro-Galvanized Steel Wire:

Electro-galvanized steel wire is produced through an electroplating process that applies a thin layer of zinc onto the wire. This method offers a smoother finish and enhanced aesthetic appeal, making it suitable for applications where appearance is crucial. While the corrosion resistance of electro-galvanized wire is lower than that of hot-dip galvanized wire, its lower cost makes it a preferred choice for various applications in the automotive and electrical industries. As manufacturers continue to seek cost-effective alternatives without compromising on quality, electro-galvanized steel wire is expected to maintain a steady demand, particularly in less corrosive environments.

Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire:

Heavy galvanized steel wire is designed to withstand higher mechanical loads and is often used in applications requiring significant strength and durability. This type of wire is treated with a substantial layer of zinc to enhance corrosion resistance, making it especially suitable for industrial applications such as in construction reinforcement and manufacturing of wire ropes. As industries increasingly demand materials that offer both strength and longevity, the heavy galvanized steel wire segment is poised for growth, particularly in sectors such as construction, transportation, and heavy machinery.

Light Galvanized Steel Wire:

Light galvanized steel wire is often used in various general-purpose applications due to its flexibility and adaptability. Its lighter weight, along with adequate corrosion resistance provided by the zinc coating, makes it a popular choice for applications such as packaging, fencing, and electrical wire ties. The versatility of light galvanized wire appeals to a broad range of industries, ensuring its continuous relevance in the market. The growing trend toward lightweight materials in manufacturing is also expected to drive demand for light galvanized steel wire in various applications.

Medium Galvanized Steel Wire:

Medium galvanized steel wire serves multiple functions in various industries, striking a balance between strength and flexibility. This type of wire is typically used in applications such as mesh production, reinforcement, and general construction purposes. The medium thickness provides adequate resistance to corrosion while allowing for ease of handling and installation. As industries continue to seek materials that provide both robustness and ease of use, medium galvanized steel wire remains important in the market landscape, catering to diverse application needs.

By Application

Construction:

The construction industry is the largest consumer of hot dip galvanized steel wire, utilizing it for various applications such as reinforcement, fencing, and structural components. The wire's excellent corrosion resistance and strength make it ideal for reinforcing concrete structures and ensuring long-lasting infrastructure. With the global increase in construction projects, driven by urbanization and population growth, the demand for hot dip galvanized steel wire in this sector is expected to see substantial growth in the coming years. Furthermore, as regulatory standards around material quality and durability tighten, the adoption of galvanized wire will likely accelerate within this industry.

Agriculture:

In the agricultural sector, hot dip galvanized steel wire is widely used for fencing, trellising, and securing crops. Its durability and resistance to the elements make it a preferred choice among farmers seeking reliable materials to protect livestock and crops. As the agricultural industry increasingly adopts modern farming practices, the demand for high-quality galvanized wire continues to rise. Additionally, the growing emphasis on agricultural productivity and sustainability is driving innovations in wire applications, further enhancing the growth potential of this segment.

Industrial:

The industrial application of hot dip galvanized steel wire encompasses various uses, including the manufacturing of wire ropes, nets, and mesh products. Industries such as construction, mining, and manufacturing rely on galvanized wire for its strength and durability. As industrial activities expand globally, driven by economic development and infrastructure projects, the demand for hot dip galvanized steel wire is projected to grow steadily. Furthermore, the increasing focus on safety and quality standards in industrial operations further supports the need for reliable materials like galvanized steel wire.

Communication:

Hot dip galvanized steel wire is essential in the communication sector, primarily for the installation and support of telecommunication lines. Its corrosion resistance ensures that the infrastructure remains intact and functional in various weather conditions. As the demand for enhanced communication networks continues to rise, particularly in developing regions, the need for galvanized wire in this sector is expected to increase. Moreover, the ongoing expansion of broadband and mobile networks globally will contribute significantly to the market growth for hot dip galvanized steel wire in communication applications.

Others:

The "Others" segment includes various niche applications of hot dip galvanized steel wire in sectors such as transportation, automotive, and security. This versatile wire is utilized for making wire baskets, security grills, and even in automotive manufacturing for wire harnesses. As diverse industries innovate and seek durable materials, the demand for galvanized wire in these applications is projected to rise. The adaptability of hot dip galvanized steel wire to meet specific needs across different sectors ensures that this segment contributes positively to the overall market growth.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

Online stores have become a significant distribution channel for hot dip galvanized steel wire, as they provide consumers with convenient access to a wide range of products. The growth of e-commerce has enabled suppliers to reach a broader audience, allowing customers to compare prices, quality, and specifications with ease. As more consumers and businesses turn to online shopping, the influence of this distribution channel is expected to grow. The convenience of purchasing galvanized wire online, along with the ability to ship directly to project sites, enhances its appeal, further supporting market growth.

Hardware Stores:

Hardware stores serve as a traditional yet effective distribution channel for hot dip galvanized steel wire. These retail outlets provide customers with immediate access to various sizes and types of galvanized wire, catering to both contractors and DIY enthusiasts. The hands-on shopping experience allows customers to inspect product quality before making a purchase, which can be a significant advantage. As home improvement and construction projects continue to gain popularity, demand for galvanized wire through hardware stores is expected to remain strong, highlighting their relevance in the market.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores focusing on construction materials and hardware provide tailored offerings of hot dip galvanized steel wire, often accompanied by expert advice and support. These stores cater to specific customer needs, offering a curated selection of products that meet various industry requirements. As the demand for specialized products continues to grow, these retail outlets are becoming essential for contractors and businesses seeking high-quality galvanized wire for specific applications. The personalized service offered by specialty stores enhances customer satisfaction, contributing to their position in the distribution chain.

Direct Sales:

Direct sales represent a crucial distribution channel for hot dip galvanized steel wire, particularly for large-scale projects and industrial applications. Manufacturers often engage in direct selling to establish strong relationships with major clients, ensuring that they receive tailored solutions that meet their unique needs. This approach allows for more significant negotiation flexibility on pricing, delivery schedules, and product specifications. As industries demand higher quality and customized solutions, direct sales channels are likely to grow in importance within the hot dip galvanized steel wire market.

Others:

The "Others" category encompasses alternative distribution channels, such as wholesalers and distributors, which play a vital role in getting hot dip galvanized steel wire to end-users. These channels often provide bulk purchasing options, benefiting large-scale projects that require significant quantities of materials. As demand for galvanized wire increases, these alternative channels serve as necessary intermediaries between manufacturers and consumers, ensuring the efficient supply of products across various industries. The continued evolution of the distribution landscape will shape how galvanized steel wire is marketed and sold.

By Coating Type

Zinc Coating:

Zinc coating is the most common type applied to hot dip galvanized steel wire, providing excellent corrosion resistance and enhancing the material's durability. The galvanization process involves submerging the steel wire in molten zinc, creating a protective layer that prevents rusting. This feature is particularly important in outdoor applications, where exposure to moisture and environmental elements can lead to rapid deterioration. The widespread use of zinc-coated galvanized wire in construction, agriculture, and industrial applications underlines its significance in the market, ensuring continued growth in demand.

Aluminum Coating:

Aluminum-coated galvanized steel wire offers an alternative to traditional zinc coating, providing unique advantages such as enhanced heat resistance and lower weight. This type of wire is often used in applications requiring high-temperature performance, such as in the automotive and aerospace industries. The growing awareness of aluminum-coated products' benefits is driving its adoption in various sectors, contributing to its market presence. As industries increasingly embrace lightweight materials that provide exceptional performance, the demand for aluminum-coated galvanized wire is expected to rise.

Zinc-Aluminum Coating:

The zinc-aluminum coating combines the benefits of both materials, offering superior corrosion resistance and enhanced protection against environmental factors. This type of coating is particularly suitable for applications requiring extended durability, such as in marine environments or structures exposed to harsh conditions. As industries seek materials that provide long-lasting performance, the zinc-aluminum coated galvanized wire segment is expected to experience increased demand. Its growing recognition in various applications highlights its potential for significant market growth.

Copper Coating:

Copper-coated galvanized steel wire provides additional benefits, including excellent conductivity and resistance to corrosion. This type of wire is commonly used in electrical applications and communication systems, where both conductivity and durability are essential. As the need for reliable electrical connections continues to rise across industries, the demand for copper-coated galvanized wire is expected to grow. The focus on improving electrical performance while ensuring long-term durability will enhance the market appeal of this coating type.

Others:

The "Others" segment includes various specialty coatings applied to galvanized steel wire for specific applications. These coatings may include polymer coatings, paint, or composite materials that enhance the wire's properties according to industry needs. The diversity in coatings allows for tailored solutions across different sectors, ensuring that galvanized steel wire meets the unique requirements of each application. As industries continue to innovate and seek specialized materials, the demand for coated galvanized wire products will likely expand, contributing positively to the overall market growth.

By Region

The hot dip galvanized steel wire market is witnessing substantial growth across various regions, notably in Asia Pacific, which is anticipated to dominate the market during the forecast period. This region is projected to account for approximately 42% of the global market share by 2035, driven by rapid industrialization, urbanization, and significant infrastructure development projects in countries like China and India. The CAGR for the Asia Pacific region is expected to be around 7%, reflecting the increasing need for durable construction materials. The expansion of the agricultural sector in emerging economies within this region further adds to the demand for galvanized steel wire, highlighting its versatility and importance across diverse applications.

North America and Europe are also critical regions for the hot dip galvanized steel wire market, with respective market shares of about 22% and 19% by 2035. The growth in these regions is attributed to the ongoing focus on infrastructure upgrades and the rising emphasis on sustainability in construction practices. In North America, government initiatives aimed at enhancing infrastructure resilience and promoting the use of high-quality building materials are expected to bolster market demand. Europe, on the other hand, is witnessing a surge in demand for galvanized wire due to stringent regulations around construction and safety standards, leading to significant investment in durable materials. The steady growth of these mature markets underscores the global relevance of hot dip galvanized steel wire.

Opportunities

The hot dip galvanized steel wire market presents numerous opportunities driven by the rising demand for construction and agricultural materials in emerging economies. As developing countries continue to urbanize and invest in infrastructure projects, the market for galvanized wire is expected to see significant growth. The increasing focus on sustainable construction practices also opens avenues for manufacturers to innovate and develop eco-friendly galvanization processes, which can enhance product performance while minimizing environmental impact. Furthermore, exploring non-traditional applications, such as in renewable energy sectors and advanced communication networks, may create new demand for galvanized steel wire. This diversification of application areas provides manufacturers with the chance to expand their market reach and improve profitability.

In addition, technological advancements in production techniques and coating processes can offer competitive advantages to manufacturers in the galvanized steel wire market. Innovations in galvanization technology not only improve product performance but also reduce production costs, allowing companies to deliver high-quality products at competitive prices. As industries increasingly prioritize efficiency and sustainability, companies that leverage these advances will be well-positioned to capture market share. Collaborations and partnerships with construction firms, agricultural businesses, and infrastructure developers can also lead to long-term contracts and stable sales channels, further enhancing growth prospects in this dynamic market.

Threats

Despite the promising growth outlook, the hot dip galvanized steel wire market faces several threats that could hinder its expansion. One significant threat is the volatility of raw material prices, particularly zinc, which directly impacts production costs. Fluctuations in zinc prices can create uncertainties for manufacturers, leading to increased operational expenses and potential profit margin compression. Additionally, the emergence of alternative materials and coatings, such as stainless steel and polymer coatings, poses a competitive challenge to hot dip galvanized wire. As industries increasingly explore innovative materials that offer similar or superior benefits, there is a risk of market share erosion for galvanized products. Moreover, economic slowdowns and geopolitical tensions may disrupt supply chains and impact overall demand, leading to potential market contraction.

Another challenge lies in the environmental impact of galvanization processes, particularly in terms of energy consumption and waste generation. As regulatory pressures around sustainability continue to escalate, manufacturers may face challenges in adapting their processes to meet new standards. This could necessitate significant investments in greener technologies, which may strain financial resources. Additionally, a growing emphasis on sustainability and circular economy practices among consumers could shift preferences toward more sustainable alternatives, potentially impacting the demand for galvanized steel wire. Therefore, companies within this market must proactively address these threats to ensure continued growth and competitiveness.

Competitor Outlook

• ArcelorMittal
• Nucor Corporation
• Severstal
• Hillenbrand, Inc.
• U.S. Steel Corporation
• POSCO
• Tata Steel
• Steel Dynamics, Inc.
• JSW Steel
• Shandong Iron and Steel Group
• Thyssenkrupp
• Baosteel Group
• Essar Steel
• Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group
• JFE Steel Corporation

The competitive landscape of the hot dip galvanized steel wire market is characterized by a dynamic mix of global and regional players, each vying for market share through innovation, technological advancements, and strategic partnerships. Companies in this sector are increasingly focusing on enhancing their product offerings and expanding their geographical presence to capitalize on the growing demand for galvanized steel wire. Market leaders like ArcelorMittal and Nucor Corporation are investing significantly in research and development to improve product quality and performance, ensuring they remain at the forefront of the industry. Additionally, these companies are actively pursuing mergers and acquisitions to strengthen their market position and access new markets, further intensifying competition within the sector.

Moreover, regional players such as Tata Steel and JSW Steel are also making significant strides in the market, leveraging local market knowledge and customer relationships to gain a competitive edge. These companies often focus on localized manufacturing strategies and tailored product offerings, aligning closely with the specific demands of their respective markets. The emphasis on sustainability and eco-friendly practices is prompting many companies to adopt greener production methods, which not only enhances their competitive advantage but also resonates with environmentally conscious consumers. This trend is expected to influence the competitive dynamics of the hot dip galvanized steel wire market in the coming years, as companies strive to meet evolving customer expectations.

In summary, the hot dip galvanized steel wire market is poised for growth, driven by increasing demand across various applications and regions. However, the competitive landscape remains challenging, with both established and emerging players competing vigorously. Companies that successfully navigate market challenges and strategically position themselves to leverage growth opportunities will be best positioned to thrive in this evolving industry. Major players, such as Thyssenkrupp and Baosteel Group, are expected to play pivotal roles in shaping the market's future through continuous innovation and adaptive strategies that respond to changing customer needs and market conditions.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 POSCO
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 JSW Steel
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Severstal
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Tata Steel
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Essar Steel
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Thyssenkrupp
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 ArcelorMittal
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Baosteel Group
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Hillenbrand, Inc.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Nucor Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Steel Dynamics, Inc.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 JFE Steel Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 U.S. Steel Corporation
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Shandong Iron and Steel Group
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Construction
    • 6.1.2 Agriculture
    • 6.1.3 Industrial
    • 6.1.4 Communication
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire Market, By Coating Type
    • 6.2.1 Zinc Coating
    • 6.2.2 Aluminum Coating
    • 6.2.3 Zinc-Aluminum Coating
    • 6.2.4 Copper Coating
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire Market, By Product Type
    • 6.3.1 Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Wire
    • 6.3.2 Electro-Galvanized Steel Wire
    • 6.3.3 Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire
    • 6.3.4 Light Galvanized Steel Wire
    • 6.3.5 Medium Galvanized Steel Wire
  • 6.4 Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Stores
    • 6.4.2 Hardware Stores
    • 6.4.3 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.4 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Hot dip Galvanized Steel Wire market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Wire
• Electro-Galvanized Steel Wire
• Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire
• Light Galvanized Steel Wire
• Medium Galvanized Steel Wire

By Application

• Construction
• Agriculture
• Industrial
• Communication
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Hardware Stores
• Specialty Stores
• Direct Sales
• Others

By Coating Type

• Zinc Coating
• Aluminum Coating
• Zinc-Aluminum Coating
• Copper Coating
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• ArcelorMittal
• Nucor Corporation
• Severstal
• Hillenbrand, Inc.
• U.S. Steel Corporation
• POSCO
• Tata Steel
• Steel Dynamics, Inc.
• JSW Steel
• Shandong Iron and Steel Group
• Thyssenkrupp
• Baosteel Group
• Essar Steel
• Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group
• JFE Steel Corporation