Button Batteries Button Cell Sales

Button Batteries Button Cell Sales Market Outlook

The global button batteries button cell market is projected to reach approximately USD 14 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 7% from 2025 to 2035. This growth is driven by increasing consumer electronic demands, the rising prevalence of medical devices, and the need for compact energy solutions. Moreover, technological advancements in battery chemistry and design are facilitating improved performance and efficiency, thus enhancing the appeal of button batteries for various applications. The surge in the automotive sector, coupled with the growing trend of miniaturization in devices, further catalyzes market expansion. A key factor also includes environmentally friendly battery solutions, leading to the increased adoption of rechargeable button batteries.

Growth Factor of the Market

The button batteries button cell market is experiencing significant growth due to several factors. Firstly, the rapid advancement in consumer electronics, including wearables like smartwatches and fitness trackers, has spurred the demand for compact and reliable energy sources. Additionally, the medical device sector's growth, especially in portable medical equipment such as hearing aids and glucose monitors, necessitates high-performance button cells that can fit into small formats. The automotive industry's shift towards electronic components, including key fobs and infotainment systems, further drives the demand for button batteries. Furthermore, the growing emphasis on sustainability has led to the development of eco-friendly battery solutions, which appeals to environmentally conscious consumers and manufacturers alike. Lastly, the increased penetration of online retail platforms has made button batteries more accessible to consumers, contributing to market growth.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global button batteries button cell market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7% between 2025 and 2035.
• Consumer electronics is expected to be the largest application segment due to the growing demand for portable devices.
• Asia Pacific region is anticipated to dominate the market, driven by manufacturing hubs and high electronics consumption.
• Lithium button batteries are gaining popularity due to their longer lifespan and better performance.
• The trend toward miniaturization in technology enhances the demand for compact energy solutions like button cells.

By Product Type

Alkaline:

Alkaline button batteries are among the most commonly used types, favored for their cost-effectiveness and availability. Their popularity stems from their ability to deliver consistent power in low-drain devices, such as clocks and remote controls. Alkaline batteries usually provide a longer shelf life compared to other types, making them suitable for devices that are not frequently used. The affordability and widespread availability of alkaline batteries contribute to their significant share in the button cell market, especially among budget-conscious consumers. However, with the growing trend towards higher capacity and performance batteries, alkaline options may face competition from more advanced alternatives.

Lithium:

Lithium button batteries are highly valued in the market for their superior energy density and longevity, making them ideal for high-drain devices. They are commonly used in applications such as cameras, medical devices, and automotive key fobs, where reliable and long-lasting power is crucial. Lithium batteries have a considerably higher voltage compared to alkaline batteries, allowing them to power devices for extended periods without frequent replacements. The ongoing innovation in lithium battery technology further enhances performance characteristics, which attracts manufacturers to adopt these batteries in new products. As technology evolves, the demand for lithium button batteries is expected to continue rising, supported by advancements in battery chemistry.

Silver Oxide:

Silver oxide button batteries are renowned for their high energy density and stable voltage output, which makes them particularly suitable for precision devices such as watches and hearing aids. These batteries have a longer lifespan and maintain a consistent performance throughout their discharge cycle. Although they are generally more expensive than alkaline and lithium options, their reliability and compact size often justify the cost for applications requiring accuracy and long-term use. The silver oxide segment is expected to see steady growth as industries prioritize quality and performance in their electronic devices, especially in sectors like healthcare where dependability is paramount.

Zinc Air:

Zinc air batteries are predominantly used in hearing aids due to their high energy density and lightweight characteristics. They operate using oxygen from the air, which reacts with zinc to produce energy, resulting in a longer life cycle compared to traditional battery types. The increasing prevalence of hearing impairments globally drives demand for high-quality zinc air batteries in the medical sector. As awareness of hearing health grows, the zinc air segment's market share is anticipated to expand significantly. Continuous advancements in the formulation and design of zinc air batteries will further enhance their applicability and performance in consumer electronics and medical devices.

Zinc Carbon:

Zinc carbon button batteries, though gradually being overshadowed by their alkaline counterparts, still hold a niche within the market for specific low-drain applications. They are particularly popular in older electronic devices and toys, where cost efficiency is a primary concern. Their simple chemistry and low production costs make zinc carbon batteries an attractive option for manufacturers looking to minimize expenses. However, their shorter lifespan and lower performance compared to alkaline and lithium batteries limit their usage in high-demand applications. Despite these limitations, the zinc carbon segment continues to find relevance in budget-sensitive markets.

By Application

Consumer Electronics:

The consumer electronics sector remains the dominant application for button batteries, driven by the rapid proliferation of portable devices. Products such as remote controls, watches, cameras, and key fobs heavily rely on button cells for power. The increasing demand for smarter and more compact electronics fuels the need for small-sized batteries that can maintain high performance. As the trend towards miniaturization continues, manufacturers are increasingly turning to innovative battery solutions, leading to a robust growth trajectory for this segment. Additionally, the rise of wearable technology is expected to further bolster demand, as these devices require reliable energy sources in compact formats.

Medical Devices:

The medical device application segment is experiencing significant growth, reflecting the increasing reliance on portable and compact medical equipment. Button batteries are commonly used in devices such as hearing aids, blood glucose monitors, and pacemakers, where reliable performance is critical. The growing global emphasis on health and wellness, combined with an aging population, drives the demand for innovative medical solutions. Furthermore, advancements in medical technology that prioritize smaller and more efficient devices will continue to create opportunities for button batteries. As the healthcare sector evolves, the critical role of button cells in ensuring device functionality cannot be overstated, thus solidifying their importance in this market segment.

Automotive:

The automotive industry is rapidly adopting button batteries for various electronic components, from key fobs to dashboard displays. As vehicles become increasingly equipped with advanced electronic systems, the demand for reliable and compact power sources is growing. Button batteries are preferred for their size and efficiency, making them suitable for applications that require a small form factor. Innovations in automotive technology, particularly in electric and hybrid vehicles, further enhance the need for these batteries. The automotive segment is expected to experience substantial growth in the coming years, driven by the increasing electronic content in vehicles and the push towards more efficient power solutions.

Industrial:

In the industrial sector, button batteries are utilized in equipment such as sensors, automation devices, and various monitoring tools. The reliability and durability of these batteries make them suitable for demanding industrial environments where performance cannot be compromised. As industries move toward digitization and smart technologies, the need for dependable energy sources will continue to rise. The industrial application segment is expected to grow as manufacturers seek efficient power solutions to support the increasing complexity of industrial automation and control systems. Furthermore, the ongoing transition towards renewable energy solutions will likely create additional demand for reliable battery technologies.

Others:

The "Others" category encompasses various miscellaneous applications where button batteries are utilized, including toys, fitness devices, and household items. Although this segment may not dominate the market, it plays a significant role in driving overall demand. The versatility and compact nature of button batteries make them a fitting choice for a range of consumer products. As trends in gaming and fitness continue to evolve, the need for reliable power sources in these devices will persist. The diversity of applications within this segment highlights the widespread reliance on button batteries across various sectors, contributing to the overall market growth.

By Distribution Channel

Online Retailers:

Online retailers have emerged as a significant distribution channel for button batteries, providing consumers with convenient access to a wide variety of products. The growth of e-commerce has transformed the shopping experience, allowing customers to compare prices, read reviews, and choose from multiple brands without leaving their homes. Online platforms also provide valuable information regarding compatibility and specifications, ensuring consumers make informed purchasing decisions. The flexibility of online shopping, coupled with competitive pricing and promotional offers, has led to a substantial increase in online sales of button batteries. As digital commerce continues to expand, more consumers are expected to prefer online shopping for their battery needs.

Electronics Stores:

Electronics stores remain a traditional yet vital distribution channel for button batteries, catering to consumers seeking immediate solutions. These physical retail environments provide customers the opportunity to physically examine products and seek assistance from knowledgeable staff. The availability of various brands and types of button batteries in electronics stores ensures that consumers can find suitable options for their specific needs. Additionally, the impulse purchase factor in brick-and-mortar stores can lead to higher sales volumes. However, as consumer preferences shift towards more convenient shopping methods, electronics stores must adapt to remain competitive in the evolving market landscape.

Drugstores:

Drugstores serve as an important distribution channel for button batteries, particularly for medical and healthcare applications. Many drugstores carry batteries suitable for common medical devices, such as hearing aids and glucose monitors, catering to the needs of healthcare consumers. The accessibility of drugstores allows customers to obtain essential batteries quickly, especially in urgent situations. Moreover, the combination of personal health management and accessibility drives the demand for button batteries in this channel. As the focus on health and wellness continues to rise, drugstores are likely to expand their battery offerings to meet consumer needs.

Supermarkets/Hypermarkets:

Supermarkets and hypermarkets represent a convenient distribution channel for consumers looking to purchase button batteries alongside their everyday essentials. These retail environments often provide a range of batteries at competitive prices, attracting budget-conscious shoppers. The ease of shopping for batteries while purchasing groceries or other household items enhances customer convenience, contributing to sales growth in this channel. Additionally, promotional displays and strategic placement within the store can encourage impulse buying, driving further sales. As supermarkets and hypermarkets continue to diversify their product offerings, the availability of button batteries is likely to increase, supporting overall market expansion.

By Ingredient Type

Manganese Dioxide:

Manganese dioxide is a key ingredient used in many alkaline batteries, providing a stable and reliable energy source for a range of devices. The chemical's properties allow for consistent voltage output and enhanced capacity, making it suitable for both low-drain and moderate-drain applications. As consumer electronics evolve, the demand for manganese dioxide batteries continues to grow, particularly in devices where cost-effectiveness and performance reliability are essential. Manganese dioxide batteries are widely available and cater to various segments, including toys, remote controls, and portable devices. The ongoing research in optimizing manganese dioxide formulations is expected to further enhance the performance of these batteries.

Lithium:

Lithium is a critical ingredient in the manufacturing of lithium button batteries, known for their high energy density and extended shelf life. This ingredient allows batteries to perform exceptionally well in high-drain applications, such as cameras and medical devices. The growing consumer demand for devices that can operate for longer periods without battery replacement drives the market for lithium batteries. Innovations in lithium technology have also contributed to improved battery performance, further solidifying their market position. As industries increasingly prioritize efficiency and reliability, lithium-based button batteries are likely to command a larger market share in the coming years.

Silver Oxide:

Silver oxide is predominantly used in silver oxide button batteries, which are well-regarded for their reliable performance in precision devices like watches and hearing aids. The chemical properties of silver oxide enable these batteries to deliver stable voltage and high energy, making them ideal for applications that require consistent performance. Although they are more expensive than other battery types, their longevity and reliability justify their use in critical applications. As the demand for compact and efficient energy solutions increases, silver oxide batteries are expected to maintain a steady presence in the button battery market, particularly in sectors that prioritize quality and performance.

Zinc:

Zinc is an essential ingredient in various button battery types, including zinc carbon and zinc air batteries. Its use in these batteries provides a cost-effective solution with satisfactory performance for low-drain applications. Zinc batteries are especially popular in consumer products that do not require high energy density, such as toys and low-power electronics. While they may not dominate the high-drain segment, the affordability of zinc-based batteries allows them to maintain a steady market presence. As various industries explore ways to improve battery technology, the role of zinc in sustainable solutions is likely to gain more attention.

Others:

The "Others" category encompasses a variety of additional ingredients utilized in button battery production, including additives and alternative chemistries that enhance battery performance. These ingredients play a crucial role in optimizing battery life, performance, and safety, addressing specific consumer needs. Ongoing research and development into new battery chemistries may lead to the emergence of innovative ingredient types that further refine the capabilities of button batteries. As manufacturers strive to meet the demands of evolving electronic devices, the exploration of alternative ingredients will likely contribute to the overall growth and diversification of the button battery market.

By Region

The North American region holds a significant share of the global button batteries button cell market, driven by advancements in consumer electronics and medical devices. The United States, in particular, is a leader in the adoption of portable electronic devices, which necessitate reliable and compact power sources. The growing trend towards smart technology and wearables is expected to propel the demand for button batteries in the region. Additionally, an increasing focus on healthcare innovation further supports market growth, as portable medical devices become essential for patient monitoring and management. With a CAGR of approximately 6% anticipated in North America, this region is poised for steady growth through 2035.

In the Asia Pacific region, rapid industrialization and the presence of major electronics manufacturers significantly contribute to the button batteries market's expansion. China and Japan are at the forefront of this growth, serving as manufacturing hubs for consumer electronics and automotive components. The rising disposable income among consumers in emerging economies also promotes the demand for electronic devices, subsequently increasing the need for button batteries. Additionally, the region's emphasis on technological advancement and innovation is likely to further amplify market growth. The Asia Pacific market is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 8% through 2035, reinforcing its status as a key area for button battery proliferation.

Opportunities

The button batteries market is poised for significant opportunities in the coming years, particularly due to the increasing demand in the wearable technology sector. As fitness trackers, smartwatches, and other wearable devices gain traction, the need for compact, reliable, and long-lasting power sources will continue to rise. Manufacturers can capitalize on this trend by developing high-performance button batteries that cater specifically to the energy demands of wearable technology. Additionally, the expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices presents a lucrative opportunity for button battery usage, as these devices often require small-sized batteries that deliver consistent power. By focusing on innovation and addressing the unique needs of these emerging technologies, companies can position themselves favorably in this evolving market.

Moreover, the rising awareness of environmental concerns is prompting manufacturers to explore sustainable battery solutions. The development of rechargeable button batteries and eco-friendly materials is gaining momentum, attracting environmentally conscious consumers and businesses. By investing in research and development to create greener alternatives, companies can not only meet the regulatory demands for sustainability but also differentiate themselves in a competitive market. The collaboration with electronics manufacturers to integrate sustainable battery solutions into new product designs will further enhance opportunities for growth. As the industry shifts towards environmentally responsible practices, companies that prioritize sustainability will likely thrive in the button battery market.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the button battery market, several threats could impact its growth trajectory. One such threat is the increasing competition from alternative battery technologies, such as lithium-ion and lithium-polymer batteries, which offer higher energy densities and longer life spans. These technologies are progressively being adopted in applications traditionally serviced by button batteries, particularly in consumer electronics and electric vehicles. As manufacturers continue to innovate and enhance the performance of these alternatives, button batteries may face challenges in retaining market share. To counter this threat, companies must focus on continuous improvement of button battery performance and diversification of product offerings to adapt to changing consumer preferences.

Additionally, regulatory challenges regarding battery disposal and environmental impacts pose a threat to the button battery market. Governments are implementing stricter regulations to ensure proper disposal and recycling of batteries, which could lead to increased costs and operational complexities for manufacturers. Non-compliance with these regulations may result in penalties and damage to brand reputation, further detracting from market growth. Companies must proactively adopt sustainable practices and comply with environmental regulations to mitigate these threats. Failing to address these concerns could hinder the long-term viability of button battery manufacturers in an increasingly eco-conscious market.

Competitor Outlook

• Panasonic Corporation
• Duracell Inc.
• Varta AG
• Renata SA
• Maxell Holdings, Ltd.
• Seiko Instruments Inc.
• Energizer Holdings, Inc.
• Sony Corporation
• GP Batteries International Limited
• Fujitsu Limited
• Samsung SDI Co. Ltd.
• Atlantic Battery Company
• Crown Battery Manufacturing Co.
• Sanyo Electric Co. Ltd.
• Toshiba Corporation

The competitive landscape of the button batteries button cell market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies striving to capture market share through innovation and quality improvement. Major manufacturers such as Panasonic and Duracell have maintained their leadership positions by continually enhancing their product offerings and expanding their distribution networks. These companies have invested heavily in research and development to improve battery performance while ensuring cost-effectiveness. The competitive environment is also influenced by the growing trend toward sustainability, with several manufacturers exploring eco-friendly materials and rechargeable options to meet changing consumer demands. As market dynamics evolve, companies must remain agile and responsive to technological advancements and consumer preferences to sustain their competitive edge.

Leading companies like Energizer Holdings and Varta AG have been proactive in adopting new technologies and diversifying their product lines to cater to various applications. For instance, Energizer has introduced a range of lithium-based button batteries targeted at high-drain devices, while Varta has focused on expanding its presence in the medical device segment. These strategic initiatives position these companies to capitalize on emerging trends and capitalize on the growing demand for reliable power sources in portable electronics. Furthermore, the collaboration between battery manufacturers and consumer electronics companies to develop integrated power solutions is likely to drive growth as both sectors evolve together.

Emerging players such as GP Batteries International and Crown Battery Manufacturing are also making strides in the market by focusing on niche segments and offering competitive pricing. These companies often leverage regional advantages and efficient manufacturing processes to provide cost-effective solutions without compromising quality. With the entry of new players, the competitive landscape is expected to become increasingly dynamic, prompting established brands to continuously innovate and adapt to maintain their market positions. As the button battery market continues to grow, the ability to respond to evolving consumer needs and technological advancements will be critical for success.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Varta AG
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Renata SA
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Duracell Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Fujitsu Limited
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Sony Corporation
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Toshiba Corporation
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Samsung SDI Co. Ltd.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Maxell Holdings, Ltd.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Panasonic Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Seiko Instruments Inc.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Sanyo Electric Co. Ltd.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Atlantic Battery Company
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Energizer Holdings, Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Crown Battery Manufacturing Co.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 GP Batteries International Limited
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Button Batteries Button Cell Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Consumer Electronics
    • 6.1.2 Medical Devices
    • 6.1.3 Automotive
    • 6.1.4 Industrial
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Button Batteries Button Cell Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Alkaline
    • 6.2.2 Lithium
    • 6.2.3 Silver Oxide
    • 6.2.4 Zinc Air
    • 6.2.5 Zinc Carbon
  • 6.3 Button Batteries Button Cell Sales Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Manganese Dioxide
    • 6.3.2 Lithium
    • 6.3.3 Silver Oxide
    • 6.3.4 Zinc
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Button Batteries Button Cell Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Retailers
    • 6.4.2 Electronics Stores
    • 6.4.3 Drugstores
    • 6.4.4 Supermarkets/Hypermarkets

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Button Batteries Button Cell Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Button Batteries Button Cell Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Alkaline
• Lithium
• Silver Oxide
• Zinc Air
• Zinc Carbon

By Application

• Consumer Electronics
• Medical Devices
• Automotive
• Industrial
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Online Retailers
• Electronics Stores
• Drugstores
• Supermarkets/Hypermarkets

By Ingredient Type

• Manganese Dioxide
• Lithium
• Silver Oxide
• Zinc
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Panasonic Corporation
• Duracell Inc.
• Varta AG
• Renata SA
• Maxell Holdings, Ltd.
• Seiko Instruments Inc.
• Energizer Holdings, Inc.
• Sony Corporation
• GP Batteries International Limited
• Fujitsu Limited
• Samsung SDI Co. Ltd.
• Atlantic Battery Company
• Crown Battery Manufacturing Co.
• Sanyo Electric Co. Ltd.
• Toshiba Corporation