Voltage Testers

Voltage Testers Market Outlook

The global voltage testers market is estimated to be valued at approximately USD 1.3 billion in 2022, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5%, forecasted to reach around USD 2.1 billion by 2032. This growth trajectory can be attributed to the increasing demand for electrical safety, driven by stringent regulations and standards across various industries, combined with the growing construction and manufacturing sectors that require reliable electrical testing equipment. Additionally, the advancement of technology in voltage testing devices, including the incorporation of smart features and improved user interfaces, has further fueled market expansion. Another significant factor contributing to market growth is the rising awareness about safety practices among end-users, leading to increased adoption of voltage testers in both residential and commercial applications. The surge in DIY projects and home renovations, especially during the post-pandemic recovery phase, has also notably increased the demand for these essential tools.

Growth Factor of the Market

The voltage testers market is witnessing robust growth driven by multiple factors, including the rising emphasis on electrical safety and the increasing prevalence of electrical equipment in various industries. The global push for energy efficiency and sustainability is also steering the demand for more advanced and reliable testing devices. Moreover, the proliferation of smart homes and automation technologies is further enhancing the need for high-quality voltage testers that can provide accurate readings and diagnostics. Technological advancements, including the development of non-contact voltage testers and multifunctional devices, are attracting a wider customer base due to their ease of use and enhanced safety features. Furthermore, growing urbanization and the revitalization of infrastructure projects globally are contributing to a heightened demand for testing equipment, as it is integral for ensuring electrical systems operate safely and efficiently. This multifaceted growth landscape indicates a favorable outlook for the voltage testers market in the coming years.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Significant growth anticipated with a projected CAGR of 6.5% from 2022 to 2032.
• Technological advancements leading to the introduction of smart voltage testers.
• Increasing demand driven by stringent electrical safety regulations and standards.
• Rising adoption of voltage testers in residential, commercial, and industrial applications.
• Expansion of distribution channels enhancing market accessibility and penetration.

By Product Type

Contact Voltage Testers:

Contact voltage testers are essential tools used to measure voltage levels directly by establishing contact with the electrical conductor. These testers are particularly favored for their accuracy and reliability in providing precise voltage readings. They are widely used in various applications, including residential and industrial settings, where ensuring proper voltage levels is crucial for the safety and functionality of electrical systems. The design of contact voltage testers often includes features such as audible alarms that alert users to the presence of voltage, enhancing safety during testing. As the demand for reliable testing equipment grows, contact voltage testers continue to evolve with advanced technologies, leading to increased adoption among electricians and technicians.

Non-contact Voltage Testers:

Non-contact voltage testers, as the name suggests, allow users to check for voltage presence without needing to touch the conductor. This feature significantly enhances safety, making them a popular choice among electricians and DIY enthusiasts alike. These testers operate on the principle of detecting electric fields emitted by live wires, and they are particularly useful in scenarios where direct contact may pose risks. The ease of use and convenience of non-contact voltage testers contribute to their growing market share, especially in residential applications where quick and safe voltage checks are often required. Their portability and lightweight design further make them ideal for on-the-go use, increasing their appeal across various sectors.

Solenoid Voltage Testers:

Solenoid voltage testers are specialized devices that utilize solenoid mechanisms to determine the presence of voltage. These testers function by using a magnetic field to detect live wires and can be particularly effective in testing circuits with high voltages. Their robust design and ability to handle challenging work environments make them a preferred choice for industrial applications. The precision and reliability of solenoid voltage testers in detecting voltage levels contribute to their steady demand within the electrical testing market. As industries strive for enhanced safety protocols, solenoid voltage testers play a crucial role in ensuring compliance with electrical standards.

Clamp Meters:

Clamp meters are versatile tools that combine the functionality of a multimeter and a current tester, allowing users to measure voltage, current, and resistance without needing to disconnect the circuit. This capability makes them extremely valuable in both residential and industrial settings, where downtime can be costly. The design of clamp meters enables them to clamp around a conductor to measure current flow, making them ideal for monitoring larger electrical systems. As concerns about energy efficiency and load management continue to rise, the demand for clamp meters is expected to increase significantly, as they provide accurate readings that help optimize electrical usage.

Digital Multimeters:

Digital multimeters are multifunctional testing devices that measure various electrical parameters, including voltage, current, resistance, and continuity. Their versatility and precision make them a staple in both professional electrical work and DIY projects. With advancements in technology, modern digital multimeters are equipped with features such as data logging, backlit displays, and connectivity options that enhance user experience. The increasing complexity of electrical systems in homes and industries drives the demand for digital multimeters, as they offer comprehensive testing capabilities that are essential for troubleshooting and maintaining safe electrical systems.

By Application

Residential:

In the residential sector, voltage testers play a critical role in ensuring electrical safety and functionality within homes. Homeowners and electricians utilize voltage testers to check outlets, appliances, and electrical installations for proper voltage levels and potential hazards. The rise in DIY home improvement projects has led to increased awareness of electrical safety, fostering greater demand for voltage testers among homeowners. Moreover, the trend toward smart home technologies necessitates reliable voltage testing to guarantee that electrical systems function seamlessly. As a result, the residential application segment is expected to witness significant growth as more consumers become proactive about electrical maintenance.

Commercial:

Commercial applications of voltage testers encompass a wide range of settings, including office buildings, retail spaces, and educational institutions. In these environments, ensuring the safety and reliability of electrical systems is paramount, as any malfunction can disrupt operations and pose safety risks. Voltage testers are employed to conduct routine inspections, troubleshoot electrical issues, and maintain compliance with safety regulations. The growing emphasis on workplace safety and the increasing number of commercial construction projects are driving the demand for voltage testers in this sector, as businesses prioritize the functionality and safety of their electrical systems.

Industrial:

The industrial application segment represents a substantial portion of the voltage testers market, as manufacturing facilities and production plants require rigorous testing of electrical equipment. Voltage testers are crucial for ensuring the proper functioning of machinery, preventing downtime, and minimizing the risk of accidents. Industries such as automotive, aerospace, and pharmaceuticals rely heavily on voltage testers to maintain strict safety protocols and operational efficiency. The ongoing industrial automation trend further enhances the need for reliable testing equipment, as automated systems must be continually monitored for electrical integrity. This environment creates a robust demand for voltage testers tailored to meet the unique challenges of industrial applications.

Automotive:

In the automotive sector, voltage testers are indispensable tools used for diagnosing electrical issues in vehicles. With the increasing complexity of modern vehicles equipped with advanced electronic systems, accurate voltage testing is essential for troubleshooting and ensuring optimal vehicle performance. Automotive technicians utilize voltage testers to check battery health, monitor electrical systems, and verify the functionality of components. The growing prevalence of hybrid and electric vehicles, which require specialized testing equipment, is further driving innovation in voltage tester technology, enhancing the market's growth within this application area.

Electronics:

The electronics application segment encompasses diverse sectors, from consumer electronics to telecommunications. Voltage testers are essential for quality control and maintenance in electronics manufacturing, ensuring that products meet safety and performance standards. Engineers and technicians employ voltage testers to verify circuit functionality, diagnose faults, and troubleshoot issues in electronic devices. The rapid advancement of electronic technologies and the increasing demand for high-quality electronic products are propelling the growth of voltage testers in this segment. Additionally, the ongoing trend of miniaturization in electronics necessitates compact and versatile testing solutions, reinforcing the importance of voltage testers within the electronics industry.

By Distribution Channel

Online Retail:

The online retail segment has emerged as a crucial distribution channel for voltage testers, driven by the increasing prevalence of e-commerce and consumer preference for online shopping. The convenience of online platforms allows customers to compare products, read reviews, and make informed purchasing decisions from the comfort of their homes. Additionally, many manufacturers and retailers offer exclusive online deals, further incentivizing purchases through digital channels. The growth of online retail has significantly expanded the reach of voltage testers, making them more accessible to a broader audience, including DIY enthusiasts and professional electricians alike. As online shopping continues to gain momentum, this distribution channel is expected to play an increasingly pivotal role in the voltage testers market.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores remain a vital distribution channel for voltage testers, particularly for professionals in the electrical and construction industries. These stores offer curated selections of high-quality tools and equipment, providing customers with expert advice and support. Electricians and contractors often prefer purchasing voltage testers from specialty stores, as they can access knowledgeable staff who can assist with product selection and provide insights into the latest technologies. Additionally, specialty stores often carry a variety of brands and models, allowing customers to find specific tools tailored to their needs. The emphasis on personalized service and expertise in specialty stores ensures their continued relevance within the market.

Electrical Wholesalers:

Electrical wholesalers serve as a crucial link in the distribution chain for voltage testers, catering primarily to contractors and electrical professionals. These wholesalers typically offer bulk purchasing options at competitive prices, making them an attractive choice for businesses seeking to equip their teams with essential tools. The close relationships that wholesalers maintain with manufacturers allow them to provide a wide range of products, including the latest voltage testers. As the demand for efficient electrical installations and maintenance continues to grow, electrical wholesalers play a significant role in ensuring that professionals have access to the necessary testing equipment to meet industry standards.

Home Improvement Stores:

Home improvement stores are a key distribution channel for voltage testers targeting the growing DIY market. These stores cater to homeowners and enthusiasts who seek to undertake electrical projects independently. With a broad range of voltage testers available, home improvement stores make it easy for consumers to find tools that suit their specific needs. Additionally, many stores provide workshops and tutorials, further educating customers about electrical safety and the proper use of voltage testers. The increasing popularity of home renovation projects and the greater emphasis on home safety are expected to drive the growth of voltage testers sold through home improvement stores.

Direct Sales:

Direct sales represent another important distribution channel for voltage testers, allowing manufacturers to connect directly with end-users. This approach facilitates personalized customer service and the opportunity for manufacturers to showcase their products directly to consumers. Direct sales can include trade shows, demonstrations, and partnerships with commercial clients, providing a platform for showcasing the features and benefits of specific voltage testers. This method is particularly effective in reaching industrial and commercial customers who require specialized testing equipment for their electrical systems. As the market continues to evolve, direct sales strategies will remain significant for manufacturers looking to enhance customer relationships and drive sales.

By Power Source

Battery-Powered:

Battery-powered voltage testers are highly popular due to their portability and ease of use. These testers are favored for both residential and professional applications, as they do not require an external power source, allowing users to perform tests in various locations without limitations. The convenience of battery-powered testers is particularly beneficial for situations where access to outlets may be restricted. Additionally, advancements in battery technology have led to longer-lasting batteries, increasing the reliability of these devices. The growing trend of mobile and remote work environments further enhances the appeal of battery-powered voltage testers, driving their demand across multiple applications.

Electrical Outlet-Powered:

Electrical outlet-powered voltage testers are designed for environments where a constant power source is available. These testers are commonly used in industrial and commercial settings where prolonged testing sessions are required, and the use of battery-powered devices may be impractical. The continuous power supply ensures that these testers operate without interruptions, providing accurate and real-time readings essential for troubleshooting complex electrical issues. As industries increasingly prioritize efficiency and reliability in their operations, the demand for electrical outlet-powered testers is expected to remain strong, particularly in environments with high electrical workloads.

Solar-Powered:

Solar-powered voltage testers are a niche segment of the market, appealing to environmentally conscious users and applications that emphasize sustainability. These testers harness solar energy to power their operations, reducing reliance on traditional power sources and minimizing their carbon footprint. The growing awareness of renewable energy and green technologies is driving interest in solar-powered tools, including voltage testers. As more consumers and businesses seek eco-friendly alternatives, the market for solar-powered voltage testers is expected to witness gradual growth, aligning with the global shift toward sustainability and energy efficiency.

By Region

The North American voltage testers market is projected to hold a prominent share, driven by the region's stringent electrical safety regulations and growing awareness of electrical safety standards among consumers and professionals. The presence of well-established electrical manufacturing industries and a high concentration of trained electricians further bolster the demand for voltage testers in this region. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 7% from 2022 to 2032, attributed to the increasing adoption of advanced testing technologies and the rising emphasis on workplace safety across various sectors. Additionally, the ongoing trend of home improvement and renovation projects contributes significantly to the demand for voltage testers in North America.

In Europe, the voltage testers market is also on an upward trajectory, supported by the region's commitment to electrical safety and the implementation of rigorous compliance standards. The European market is characterized by a high level of technological advancement, with manufacturers continuously innovating to meet the evolving needs of consumers and industries. The increasing focus on energy efficiency and sustainability initiatives drives interest in multifunctional voltage testers that can provide extensive diagnostics. While the growth rate in Europe is slightly lower than in North America, at a projected CAGR of 5.5%, the region remains a vital market for voltage testing devices, particularly in industrial and commercial applications.

Opportunities

As the voltage testers market continues to expand, numerous opportunities are emerging, particularly in developing regions where electrical infrastructure is evolving rapidly. Countries in Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Africa are experiencing significant investments in infrastructure development, leading to a heightened need for reliable electrical testing equipment. This ongoing industrialization and urbanization create a substantial demand for voltage testers as industries seek to ensure compliance with safety standards and optimize operations. Furthermore, the increasing penetration of smart technologies in electrical systems opens up avenues for manufacturers to innovate and develop advanced voltage testers equipped with IoT capabilities, enabling remote monitoring and diagnostics. By capitalizing on these trends, businesses can position themselves to tap into the growing market potential in these regions.

Additionally, the trend toward sustainability and energy efficiency presents further opportunities for voltage testers. As industries strive to reduce their carbon footprints and optimize energy consumption, there is a rising demand for testing devices that can facilitate energy audits and efficiency assessments. Voltage testers that incorporate advanced features, such as data logging and connectivity to energy management systems, are likely to gain traction in the market. Moreover, the increasing focus on electrical safety in residential applications, driven by DIY trends and consumer awareness campaigns, provides manufacturers with the chance to create user-friendly voltage testers tailored for home use. Ensuring that these devices are accessible and affordable can significantly impact market growth as households become more proactive about electrical safety.

Threats

The voltage testers market faces several threats, primarily stemming from intense competition and price fluctuations. With numerous manufacturers and suppliers vying for market share, price competition can lead to reduced profit margins for companies. This competitive landscape may compel smaller manufacturers to compromise on quality to maintain price competitiveness, potentially undermining overall industry standards. Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological advancements presents a dual-edged sword; while it offers opportunities for innovation, it also means that manufacturers must continuously invest in research and development to stay relevant. Companies that fail to keep up with technological trends risk losing ground to competitors that offer more advanced and efficient voltage testers.

Another significant threat to the voltage testers market is the potential for regulatory changes that could impact product standards and compliance requirements. As governments and regulatory bodies increasingly emphasize electrical safety, manufacturers must ensure that their products meet evolving standards. Failure to comply with these regulations can lead to penalties, product recalls, and reputational damage. Additionally, the global supply chain disruptions experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted vulnerabilities in sourcing raw materials and components, which could pose challenges for voltage tester manufacturers in the future. Addressing these threats will require strategic planning and adaptability to navigate the evolving landscape of the voltage testers market.

Competitor Outlook

• Fluke Corporation
• Klein Tools
• Extech Instruments
• Amprobe
• Greenlee
• Uni-Trend Technology
• Tektronix
• Chauvin Arnoux
• Flir Systems
• Keysight Technologies
• Southwire Company
• Ideal Industries
• Metrel d.d.
• Hioki E.E. Corporation
• Testo SE & Co. KGaA

The competitive landscape of the voltage testers market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies, each vying for market share through innovation and enhanced product offerings. Major players like Fluke Corporation and Klein Tools lead the market with their extensive portfolios of high-quality voltage testers, recognized for their reliability and precision. These companies invest significantly in research and development to introduce cutting-edge technologies that address the evolving needs of consumers and professionals. Additionally, their strong brand reputation and established distribution networks provide them with a competitive edge, allowing them to maintain leadership positions in the market.

Emerging players, on the other hand, are leveraging advancements in technology to introduce innovative voltage testers that cater to specific market segments. Companies like Uni-Trend Technology and Testo SE & Co. KGaA are focused on offering multifunctional testing devices that incorporate features such as data logging, Bluetooth connectivity, and advanced diagnostics. This trend toward innovation not only attracts new customers but also challenges established players to adapt and enhance their product offerings. As the market evolves, collaboration between manufacturers and technology firms is likely to drive further advancements in voltage tester technology, creating a dynamic competitive landscape.

Furthermore, as sustainability becomes increasingly important to consumers and businesses alike, manufacturers are exploring eco-friendly product options, including solar-powered voltage testers. Companies like Flir Systems and Ideal Industries are investing in sustainable practices and products, appealing to a growing segment of environmentally conscious consumers. The focus on sustainability not only enhances brand reputation but also positions these companies favorably in the market, creating additional competitive advantages. As the voltage testers market continues to grow, staying attuned to consumer preferences and technological advancements will be crucial for companies aiming to maintain their competitive edge.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Amprobe
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Greenlee
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Tektronix
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Klein Tools
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Metrel d.d.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Flir Systems
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Chauvin Arnoux
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Ideal Industries
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Fluke Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Southwire Company
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Extech Instruments
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Testo SE & Co. KGaA
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Uni-Trend Technology
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Keysight Technologies
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Hioki E.E. Corporation
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Voltage Testers Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Residential
    • 6.1.2 Commercial
    • 6.1.3 Industrial
    • 6.1.4 Automotive
    • 6.1.5 Electronics
  • 6.2 Voltage Testers Market, By Power Source
    • 6.2.1 Battery-Powered
    • 6.2.2 Electrical Outlet-Powered
    • 6.2.3 Solar-Powered
  • 6.3 Voltage Testers Market, By Product Type
    • 6.3.1 Contact Voltage Testers
    • 6.3.2 Non-contact Voltage Testers
    • 6.3.3 Solenoid Voltage Testers
    • 6.3.4 Clamp Meters
    • 6.3.5 Digital Multimeters
  • 6.4 Voltage Testers Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Retail
    • 6.4.2 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.3 Electrical Wholesalers
    • 6.4.4 Home Improvement Stores
    • 6.4.5 Direct Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Voltage Testers Market by Region
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Voltage Testers market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Contact Voltage Testers
• Non-contact Voltage Testers
• Solenoid Voltage Testers
• Clamp Meters
• Digital Multimeters

By Application

• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial
• Automotive
• Electronics

By Distribution Channel

• Online Retail
• Specialty Stores
• Electrical Wholesalers
• Home Improvement Stores
• Direct Sales

By Power Source

• Battery-Powered
• Electrical Outlet-Powered
• Solar-Powered

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Fluke Corporation
• Klein Tools
• Extech Instruments
• Amprobe
• Greenlee
• Uni-Trend Technology
• Tektronix
• Chauvin Arnoux
• Flir Systems
• Keysight Technologies
• Southwire Company
• Ideal Industries
• Metrel d.d.
• Hioki E.E. Corporation
• Testo SE & Co. KGaA