Viscosity Meter

Viscosity Meter Market Outlook

The global viscosity meter market is projected to reach approximately USD 1.5 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of around 6.5% during the forecast period of 2025-2035. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for precise viscosity measurements across various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. Additionally, the rising emphasis on product quality and consistency has led to the widespread adoption of viscosity meters in production processes. Emerging technologies in viscosity measurement are also enhancing the accuracy, allowing for real-time monitoring, which is crucial for maintaining quality standards. The expanding industrial sector in developing economies is further driving the demand for advanced viscosity measurement solutions, positioning the market for sustained growth.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the significant factors propelling the viscosity meter market is the growing industrialization across various sectors, particularly in Asia-Pacific regions where manufacturing processes are rapidly evolving. The chemical and oil and gas industries are increasingly adopting viscosity measurement solutions to ensure compliance with regulatory standards and enhance product safety. Moreover, the technological advancements in viscosity measurement tools, such as the integration of IoT and automation, provide enhanced data accuracy and operational efficiency, attracting more users towards modern viscometers. Additionally, with the rising focus on quality control, particularly in the food and beverage sector, there is an increasing need for reliable viscosity measurements to maintain product consistency. Furthermore, the increasing application of viscosity meters in healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors for drug formulation and quality assurance is expected to bolster market growth.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Growing industrial applications across chemicals, food, and pharmaceuticals.
• Technological advancements leading to more accurate and efficient viscosity measurement solutions.
• Rising demand for quality control and compliance with regulatory standards.
• Increased focus on the development of portable and automated viscosity meters.
• Expanding market presence in emerging economies due to industrialization.

By Product Type

Capillary Viscometer:

The capillary viscometer is one of the most widely used types of viscosity meters, particularly in laboratories for measuring the viscosity of small sample volumes. These viscometers operate on the principle of fluid flow through a narrow capillary tube, allowing for precise measurements of viscosity at controlled temperatures. The growing emphasis on research and development in various sectors, including pharmaceuticals and chemicals, has led to an increased demand for capillary viscometers. They are highly valued for their accuracy and the ability to provide consistent results, making them an essential tool for material characterization and quality control processes.

Rotational Viscometer:

Rotational viscometers are designed to measure the viscosity of liquids by rotating a spindle in the fluid and measuring the torque required to maintain the rotation. This type of viscometer is particularly useful for non-Newtonian fluids, which exhibit varying viscosity under different shear rates. The increasing applications in industries such as food and beverage, where products often exhibit non-Newtonian behavior, have spurred the demand for rotational viscometers. These instruments are capable of providing real-time data and are often equipped with advanced technology for enhanced accuracy and user convenience, making them a popular choice among manufacturers.

Dynamic Viscometer:

Dynamic viscometers measure viscosity by monitoring the flow of fluid under dynamic conditions, providing real-time viscosity data. This type of viscometer is increasingly being adopted in industrial applications due to its ability to deliver instantaneous results, which are essential for process control and optimization. The growth of the automotive and manufacturing sectors, where precise viscosity control is crucial for product quality, has driven the demand for dynamic viscometers. Their versatility and ability to handle a wide range of materials further enhance their appeal, making them a staple in many industries focused on quality assurance.

Falling Ball Viscometer:

The falling ball viscometer measures viscosity by analyzing the time it takes for a ball to fall through a fluid. While this method is often seen in educational settings, its simplicity and effectiveness have led to applications in various industries. The growing trend of educational institutions and laboratories in developing countries investing in basic experimental setups has kept the demand for falling ball viscometers steady. Additionally, for certain fluids and conditions, this viscometer provides a cost-effective solution for viscosity measurement, further securing its position in the market.

Oscillating Piston Viscometer:

Oscillating piston viscometers utilize a piston that oscillates within a cylinder filled with the test fluid to measure viscosity. This technology is recognized for its precision and ability to measure a wide range of viscosities, including both low and high viscosity fluids. The increasing demand for accurate viscosity measurement in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries has spurred growth in this segment. These viscometers are appreciated for their robustness and ability to provide consistent performance in challenging environments, making them a preferred choice for many industries concerned with product quality and compliance.

By Application

Chemical:

The chemical industry is a significant market for viscosity meters, as accurate viscosity measurements are essential for the formulation and processing of various chemicals. The need to maintain product consistency and meet regulatory standards drives the demand for reliable viscosity measurement solutions. Viscosity meters assist in optimizing production processes, enhancing the quality of end products, and ensuring safety in chemical handling. The continuous innovation and development of new chemicals further necessitate precise viscosity measurement tools, placing the chemical sector at the forefront of the viscosity meter market.

Food & Beverage:

In the food and beverage sector, viscosity plays a crucial role in product quality and consumer acceptance. Viscosity meters are widely used to ensure that the texture and consistency of products like sauces, dressings, and beverages meet specific standards. The growing focus on quality control and food safety regulations has led to an increased demand for precise viscosity measurement instruments in this industry. Furthermore, the trend towards natural and organic food products has introduced new challenges in viscosity measurement, further driving the need for versatile viscosity measurement solutions.

Pharmaceutical:

The pharmaceutical industry relies heavily on viscosity meters for drug formulation and quality control processes. Accurate viscosity measurements are essential for ensuring the stability and efficacy of pharmaceutical products, particularly those in liquid form. The stringent regulatory environment governing drug manufacturing mandates the use of reliable viscosity measurement tools, fostering growth in this segment. Moreover, the increasing trend of personalized medicine and the development of more complex drug formulations present additional opportunities for advanced viscosity measurement solutions within the pharmaceutical sector.

Oil & Gas:

In the oil and gas industry, viscosity is a critical parameter that influences the transportation and processing of petroleum products. Viscosity meters are employed to monitor the viscosity of crude oil, refined products, and drilling fluids, ensuring optimal flow conditions and equipment efficiency. The rising global energy demand and the exploration of unconventional oil resources have heightened the need for accurate viscosity measurement solutions in this sector. As companies strive for operational efficiency and compliance with environmental regulations, the demand for advanced viscosity meters will continue to grow.

Cosmetic:

The cosmetic industry increasingly utilizes viscosity meters to ensure the quality and consistency of products ranging from lotions to creams and gels. Viscosity plays a vital role in determining the sensory attributes of cosmetic products, which directly impacts consumer satisfaction. As consumers become more discerning about product performance and quality, manufacturers are compelled to adopt reliable viscosity measurement tools to enhance product formulation and quality control processes. The growing trend of natural and organic cosmetics, which often have unique viscosity characteristics, further underscores the need for advanced viscosity measurement techniques in this dynamic market.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

The rise of e-commerce has significantly transformed the distribution landscape for viscosity meters, with online stores becoming a prominent channel for both manufacturers and consumers. Online platforms provide a wide range of choices, competitive pricing, and customer reviews that help buyers make informed decisions. The convenience of online shopping, along with the growing trend of digitalization in purchasing processes, has led to an increase in sales through this channel. Manufacturers are increasingly investing in online marketing strategies to reach broader audiences and leverage the global marketplace, contributing to the overall growth of the viscosity meter market.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores serve as crucial distribution channels for viscosity meters, particularly for users looking for expert advice and a curated selection of products. These stores typically offer a range of high-quality viscometers and provide personalized customer service, which can be critical for industries that require specific types of viscosity measurement tools. The presence of knowledgeable staff who can assist customers in selecting the right product for their needs enhances the appeal of specialty stores, ensuring that they remain a vital part of the viscosity meter distribution network. Additionally, the rise in niche markets and specialized applications further supports the demand for specialty retailers.

Direct Sales:

Direct sales channels, where manufacturers sell their products directly to end-users, are essential for ensuring that customers receive the most tailored solutions for their viscosity measurement needs. This approach allows manufacturers to provide in-depth product knowledge and support, ensuring a higher level of customer satisfaction. Direct sales are particularly beneficial for industries requiring customized solutions or specialized support, such as pharmaceuticals and chemicals. As manufacturers continue to focus on building relationships with their customers, direct sales will play an increasingly important role in the viscosity meter market's growth.

Distributors:

Distributors serve as intermediaries between manufacturers and end-users, helping to expand the reach of viscosity meters across various markets. They offer valuable logistical support, ensuring that products are readily available to customers in different regions. Distributors often have established relationships with customers in specific industries, allowing for targeted marketing efforts and tailored solutions that meet the unique needs of different sectors. As the demand for viscosity measurement solutions continues to grow, the role of distributors in facilitating market access and providing localized support will remain critical.

Wholesalers:

Wholesalers play a significant role in the viscosity meter supply chain by purchasing large quantities of products from manufacturers and selling them to retailers or other businesses. This distribution channel allows for volume-based pricing, making viscosity meters more accessible to smaller companies or those just entering the market. The rise of wholesaler networks has expanded the market's reach, enabling manufacturers to tap into new customer segments. As the market continues to mature, the role of wholesalers in ensuring competitive pricing and availability of viscosity measurement tools will be crucial in supporting the industry's growth.

By Technology

Digital Viscometer:

Digital viscometers are revolutionizing the viscosity measurement landscape by providing enhanced accuracy and ease of use compared to traditional analog devices. These instruments offer automated data collection and processing, which minimizes human error and improves measurement reliability. The increasing demand for precise viscosity measurements in various industries, such as food and pharmaceuticals, has driven the adoption of digital viscometers. Their ability to interface with other laboratory equipment and software further enhances their utility in modern analytical environments, making them a preferred choice among many users.

Analog Viscometer:

Analog viscometers, while older technology, continue to find applications in specific industries due to their simplicity and reliability. These instruments provide a straightforward approach to viscosity measurement without the complexities of digital technology. In environments where high precision is not critical, analog viscometers can offer a cost-effective solution for measuring viscosity. The ongoing use of these devices in educational and research settings underscores their enduring relevance, although the market is gradually shifting towards more advanced digital technologies.

Automated Viscometer:

Automated viscometers are designed for high-throughput environments where rapid and accurate viscosity measurements are essential. These instruments streamline the measurement process by integrating sample handling, measurement, and data analysis into a single automated workflow. The growing trend of automation in manufacturing and quality control processes has fueled the demand for automated viscometers, particularly in sectors such as pharmaceuticals and chemicals. By reducing the time and labor associated with viscosity measurement, these advanced devices enhance operational efficiency and reliability, positioning themselves as key solutions in modern industrial settings.

Portable Viscometer:

Portable viscometers provide the flexibility to conduct viscosity measurements in the field or at various production sites, making them indispensable tools for industries that require on-the-go testing. Their compact design and ease of use allow for quick assessments of viscosity in different environments, such as field testing in the oil and gas sector or quality control in food processing plants. The increasing need for rapid testing and the growing trend of decentralized quality assurance processes have spurred the demand for portable viscometers, as they enable professionals to make informed decisions promptly.

In-Line Viscometer:

In-line viscometers are integrated into production lines to provide continuous viscosity monitoring during manufacturing processes. This technology allows for real-time adjustments to maintain product quality and consistency, reducing waste and improving efficiency. Industries such as oil and gas, chemicals, and food and beverage are increasingly adopting in-line viscometers to enhance process control. The growing emphasis on automation and Industry 4.0 practices is driving the demand for these solutions, as manufacturers seek to optimize their operations and ensure compliance with stringent quality standards.

By Region

The North American region is anticipated to dominate the viscosity meter market, accounting for approximately 35% of the total market share by 2035. The strong presence of key manufacturers, significant investment in research and development, and stringent regulations in industries such as pharmaceuticals and food drive the market growth in this region. Furthermore, the increasing focus on innovation and technological advancements in viscosity measurement tools is expected to bolster market expansion. The region is projected to grow at a CAGR of about 7% during the forecast period, fueled by the rising demand for precise viscosity measurements in various applications.

Europe is another significant market for viscosity meters, contributing approximately 30% of the global market share by 2035. The region benefits from a well-established manufacturing base and a strong emphasis on quality control and product safety regulations across industries. The growing demand for viscosity measurement solutions in the chemical, food and beverage, and pharmaceutical sectors is expected to drive growth in this region. With an increasing number of companies investing in advanced viscosity measurement technologies, Europe is poised for steady market growth, projected at a CAGR of around 6% through 2035. Meanwhile, the Asia-Pacific region is experiencing rapid industrialization and is expected to show the highest growth rate, driven by increasing manufacturing activities and rising investments.

Opportunities

The viscosity meter market is poised for significant growth driven by emerging opportunities in various industries. One notable opportunity lies in the ongoing advancements in viscosity measurement technology, such as the integration of IoT and machine learning. These technologies enable real-time data analysis and predictive maintenance, which can optimize production processes and enhance product quality. Manufacturers that invest in developing smart viscosity meters can cater to the needs of industries looking for innovative solutions to improve operational efficiency and compliance with stringent quality standards. Additionally, the expansion of industries such as cosmetics and food and beverage in developing economies presents a substantial opportunity for viscosity meter manufacturers to tap into new markets, thus broadening their customer base and increasing sales potential.

Moreover, the increasing focus on sustainability and environmental considerations is creating opportunities for viscosity meters that can help monitor and reduce waste in manufacturing processes. By offering solutions that support sustainable practices, manufacturers can differentiate their products in a competitive market. Furthermore, as companies shift towards more automated processes, there will be a growing demand for viscosity meter solutions that can integrate seamlessly into existing systems. This trend presents an opportunity for suppliers to develop versatile, user-friendly, and technologically advanced viscometers that meet the evolving needs of the market.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the viscosity meter market, there are several threats that manufacturers must navigate. The volatility of raw material prices used in the production of viscometers can impact profit margins and result in increased costs for consumers. Furthermore, the market faces competition from alternative measurement technologies that may offer similar benefits at lower costs. This competition could hinder the growth of the viscosity meter market, as customers may opt for less expensive solutions that do not compromise on performance. Additionally, fluctuations in global economic conditions can affect industrial investments, leading to reduced demand for viscosity measurement tools.

Another potential threat is the rapid pace of technological advancements, which necessitates continuous innovation by manufacturers to keep up with market expectations. Failure to adapt to changing technologies and consumer preferences could result in a loss of market share to more agile competitors. Finally, regulatory changes and compliance requirements in various industries can pose challenges for viscosity meter manufacturers, as they may need to invest in research and development to meet new standards, further increasing operational costs.

Competitor Outlook

• Anton Paar GmbH
• Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
• Fungilab, S.L.
• ViscoTec Pumpen- u. Dosiertechnik GmbH
• HAAKE (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
• Malvern Panalytical Ltd.
• KROHNE Group
• Emerson Electric Co.
• GE Measurement & Control
• Viskometrix LLC
• Horiba, Ltd.
• Schmidt + Haensch GmbH & Co. KG
• Rheotek Inc.
• SITA Messtechnik GmbH
• Labthink Instruments Co., Ltd.

The viscosity meter market is characterized by a competitive landscape with several key players vying for market share. These companies are continually innovating to improve their product offerings and maintain a competitive advantage. Many of the leading manufacturers are focusing on research and development to introduce new technologies and enhance the performance of their viscosity measurement instruments. Collaborations, mergers, and acquisitions are also common strategies employed by companies to expand their product portfolio and reach new markets. The competitive dynamics within this industry are influenced by the rapid technological advancements and the increasing demand for high-quality viscosity measurement solutions across various applications.

Major companies like Anton Paar GmbH and Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc. are at the forefront of the viscosity meter market, offering a comprehensive range of products that cater to diverse industrial requirements. Anton Paar, known for its precision instruments, has established a strong reputation for its advanced viscometers that leverage cutting-edge technology to provide accurate and reliable measurements. Similarly, Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, with its extensive experience in viscosity measurement, continues to innovate and expand its product lineup, ensuring that it meets the evolving needs of its customers.

Additionally, companies like Malvern Panalytical Ltd. and HAAKE (Thermo Fisher Scientific) are key players in the viscosity meter market, offering advanced digital viscometers that provide real-time data and analysis. Their focus on quality assurance and compliance with stringent industry regulations has made them preferred suppliers in sectors such as pharmaceuticals and food manufacturing. These companies are expected to contribute significantly to the growth of the market, as they continue to develop solutions that enhance product quality and operational efficiency.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Horiba, Ltd.
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 KROHNE Group
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Rheotek Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Fungilab, S.L.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Anton Paar GmbH
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Viskometrix LLC
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Emerson Electric Co.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 SITA Messtechnik GmbH
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 GE Measurement & Control
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Malvern Panalytical Ltd.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Labthink Instruments Co., Ltd.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Schmidt + Haensch GmbH & Co. KG
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 HAAKE (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 ViscoTec Pumpen- u. Dosiertechnik GmbH
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Viscosity Meter Market, By Technology
    • 6.1.1 Digital Viscometer
    • 6.1.2 Analog Viscometer
    • 6.1.3 Automated Viscometer
    • 6.1.4 Portable Viscometer
    • 6.1.5 In-Line Viscometer
  • 6.2 Viscosity Meter Market, By Application
    • 6.2.1 Chemical
    • 6.2.2 Food & Beverage
    • 6.2.3 Pharmaceutical
    • 6.2.4 Oil & Gas
    • 6.2.5 Cosmetic
  • 6.3 Viscosity Meter Market, By Product Type
    • 6.3.1 Capillary Viscometer
    • 6.3.2 Rotational Viscometer
    • 6.3.3 Dynamic Viscometer
    • 6.3.4 Falling Ball Viscometer
    • 6.3.5 Oscillating Piston Viscometer
  • 6.4 Viscosity Meter Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Stores
    • 6.4.2 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.3 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.4 Distributors
    • 6.4.5 Wholesalers

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Viscosity Meter Market by Region
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Viscosity Meter market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Capillary Viscometer
• Rotational Viscometer
• Dynamic Viscometer
• Falling Ball Viscometer
• Oscillating Piston Viscometer

By Application

• Chemical
• Food & Beverage
• Pharmaceutical
• Oil & Gas
• Cosmetic

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Specialty Stores
• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Wholesalers

By Technology

• Digital Viscometer
• Analog Viscometer
• Automated Viscometer
• Portable Viscometer
• In-Line Viscometer

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Anton Paar GmbH
• Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
• Fungilab, S.L.
• ViscoTec Pumpen- u. Dosiertechnik GmbH
• HAAKE (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
• Malvern Panalytical Ltd.
• KROHNE Group
• Emerson Electric Co.
• GE Measurement & Control
• Viskometrix LLC
• Horiba, Ltd.
• Schmidt + Haensch GmbH & Co. KG
• Rheotek Inc.
• SITA Messtechnik GmbH
• Labthink Instruments Co., Ltd.