Synthetic Musk
Synthetic Musk Market Segments - by Product Type (Nitro Musk, Polycyclic Musk, Macrocyclic Musk, Aminomusk, and Musk Xylene), Application (Fragrances, Cosmetics, Toiletries, Detergents, and Others), Distribution Channel (Online Stores, Specialty Stores, Department Stores, Hypermarkets/Supermarkets, and Others), Ingredient Type (Galaxolide, Musk Ketone, Musk Xylene, Musk Ambrette, and Celestolide), and Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa) - Global Industry Analysis, Growth, Share, Size, Trends, and Forecast 2025-2035
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- Table Of Content
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- Methodology
Synthetic Musk Market Outlook
The global synthetic musk market is projected to reach approximately USD 3.2 billion by 2033, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 6.4% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2033. The growth of this market can be attributed to the increasing demand for synthetic musks in various applications, including fragrances, cosmetics, and personal care products. The rising consumer awareness regarding the advantages of synthetic over natural musks, such as cost-effectiveness, consistency in scent, and wider availability, is also driving market demand. Moreover, the expansion of the personal care and cosmetics industry, especially in emerging economies, is expected to further propel market growth. Additionally, advancements in technology and innovation in product formulations are likely to enhance the performance and application range of synthetic musks, fostering a positive market environment.
Growth Factor of the Market
The growth factors for the synthetic musk market are diversified and multifaceted. One significant driver is the increasing demand for high-quality fragrances across various industries, particularly in personal care and household products. As consumers become more selective about the fragrances they use, manufacturers are focusing on creating sophisticated scent profiles that can be achieved more consistently with synthetic musks. Furthermore, the growing trend towards sustainability and ethical sourcing of ingredients has led to a rise in the preference for synthetic alternatives that do not involve animal testing or endanger endangered species, which is often the case with natural musks. In addition, the rapid urbanization and rising disposable income in developing countries have spurred demand for luxury products, including perfumes and cosmetics, thereby pushing the synthetic musk market upward. Lastly, the increasing application of synthetic musks in non-fragrance products, such as detergents and toiletries, has expanded the market reach, making it a significant contributor to overall revenue growth.
Key Highlights of the Market
- The global synthetic musk market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.4% from 2025 to 2033.
- Rising demand for eco-friendly and sustainable synthetic musk alternatives is reshaping the market landscape.
- Fragrances application segment holds the largest market share, driven by consumer preferences for diverse scent options.
- North America and Europe are leading regions in terms of market share due to established personal care and cosmetics industries.
- Technological advancements and product innovations are enhancing the functional properties of synthetic musks.
By Product Type
Nitro Musk:
Nitro musk, one of the earliest synthetic musks, is widely used in the fragrance industry due to its strong scent and cost-effectiveness. These compounds often deliver a heavy and rich scent that is highly appealing in perfume formulations. Nitro musks are mainly utilized as fixatives in perfumes to prolong the longevity of fragrance. However, due to environmental and health concerns associated with certain nitro musk compounds, their usage is gradually declining, prompting a shift towards safer alternatives. Nevertheless, nitro musks continue to maintain their presence among budget fragrances because of their lower production costs and robust scent profiles.
Polycyclic Musk:
Polycyclic musk compounds are favored for their excellent scent profiles and stability in formulations. This type of synthetic musk is increasingly popular in the cosmetics and personal care sectors due to its ability to blend seamlessly with various fragrances. The molecular structure of polycyclic musks allows them to provide lasting scent retention, making them ideal for high-end perfumes and scented toiletries. Despite the regulatory scrutiny surrounding some polycyclic musks, many manufacturers still utilize these compounds because they offer desirable olfactory characteristics that cannot easily be replicated by other synthetic options.
Macrocyclic Musk:
Macrocyclic musks are gaining traction among consumers and manufacturers alike due to their close resemblance to natural musk scents, making them an ideal choice for luxury perfumes. These musks are often derived from sustainable sources and are perceived to be more environmentally friendly compared to traditional musks. As a result, macrocyclic musks are increasingly being embraced in fragrance formulations that target eco-conscious consumers. Their growing popularity is also linked to stringent regulations on synthetic ingredients, as macrocyclic musks are considered safer and less likely to cause skin irritation.
Aminomusk:
Aminomusks represent a newer category of synthetic musks that provide a unique fragrance profile and exhibit low toxicity levels. These compounds are particularly valued for their stability and versatility, making them suitable for a wide range of applications, including personal care products and household cleaners. The increasing shift towards safer and non-toxic ingredients within the beauty and personal care industry is bolstering the demand for aminomusks. Brands that focus on clean and sustainable formulations are increasingly incorporating these musks to appeal to a growing segment of health-conscious consumers.
Musk Xylene:
Musk xylene is a widely utilized synthetic musk known for its strong, sweet scent and durability in various formulations. It is often used in a range of products, from perfumes to household cleaners, due to its effectiveness as a fragrance fixative. However, musk xylene's popularity has been challenged in recent years due to environmental concerns surrounding its chemical structure and potential health implications. Despite these challenges, it still represents a significant portion of the market, particularly among producers of lower-cost fragrances that seek to maximize scent performance while keeping production costs down.
By Application
Fragrances:
The fragrances segment holds the largest share in the synthetic musk market, as these compounds are primarily designed to enhance and prolong the scent of perfumes and other fragrance products. Synthetic musks provide a diverse range of olfactory notes, appealing to various consumer preferences. They are widely used in both luxury and mass-market fragrances, contributing significantly to profit margins for manufacturers. The increasing consumer inclination towards personal fragrances and the growing demand for diverse scent options are propelling the growth of the fragrances segment, making it a lucrative area of focus for industry players.
Cosmetics:
In the cosmetics sector, synthetic musks are employed to provide pleasant scents in products such as lotions, creams, and makeup. The demand for scented cosmetics is on the rise, as consumers seek multi-sensory experiences from their beauty products. The incorporation of synthetic musks enhances the overall user experience and plays a key role in brand differentiation in a crowded market. As more cosmetic brands emphasize the sensory attributes of their products, the use of synthetic musks is expected to grow, leading to increased market opportunities for manufacturers.
Toiletries:
The toiletries application segment encompasses a variety of personal care products, including soaps, shampoos, and deodorants, which utilize synthetic musks to create appealing fragrances. As consumers become more concerned about personal hygiene and self-care, the demand for scented toiletries is accelerating. Manufacturers are increasingly incorporating synthetic musks to enhance product appeal and create unique scent profiles. The market for toiletries is expected to expand rapidly, particularly in emerging markets where there is a growing awareness of personal hygiene and grooming, further boosting demand for synthetic musks.
Detergents:
Synthetic musks are also widely employed in the production of detergents and cleaning products to impart a fresh scent to the final product. The use of synthetic musks in detergents not only masks unpleasant odors but also enhances consumers' overall perception of cleanliness. As the global cleaning product market continues to grow, driven by increased focus on hygiene and sanitation, the demand for synthetic musks in detergent formulations is also expected to rise. This segment offers manufacturers a significant opportunity to innovate and differentiate their products through unique scent offerings.
Others:
The 'others' category encompasses a range of applications such as air fresheners, candles, and other household items that benefit from synthetic musks' olfactory properties. The increasing popularity of home fragrance products has provided an additional avenue for synthetic musk manufacturers to explore. Consumers are increasingly seeking ambient scents to enhance their living spaces, leading to a surge in demand for home fragrance solutions. This trend is expected to continue, creating opportunities for manufacturers to develop innovative formulations that utilize synthetic musks for various uses beyond the personal care sector.
By Distribution Channel
Online Stores:
Online stores have emerged as a critical distribution channel for synthetic musk products, providing consumers with easy access to a variety of fragrances and personal care items. The convenience of online shopping, coupled with the ability to compare prices and read customer reviews, has driven many consumers to make purchases through this channel. The rapid growth of e-commerce platforms has enabled brands to reach a broader audience and penetrate new markets. As consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, particularly post-pandemic, the share of online sales in the synthetic musk market is expected to expand significantly.
Specialty Stores:
Specialty stores play an essential role in the distribution of synthetic musks, particularly for high-end fragrances and niche products. These stores often provide a curated selection of premium products, allowing consumers to explore unique scent formulations and discover new brands. The personalized shopping experience offered by specialty stores enhances customer engagement and fosters brand loyalty. As the market for luxury and artisanal fragrances continues to grow, specialty stores are positioned to capitalize on this trend by offering exclusive products and knowledgeable staff who can guide consumers in their purchasing decisions.
Department Stores:
Department stores remain a significant distribution channel for synthetic musk products, particularly in the fragrance and cosmetics sectors. These stores offer consumers a one-stop shopping experience, where they can find a wide range of products from various brands. The presence of well-known fragrance houses in department stores allows consumers to sample and test products before making a purchase, driving sales. As department stores adapt to changing consumer preferences, such as incorporating experiential retail concepts, they will continue to be a vital channel for synthetic musk products moving forward.
Hypermarkets/Supermarkets:
Hypermarkets and supermarkets serve as convenient shopping destinations for consumers seeking everyday fragrance and personal care products. The presence of synthetic musks in these retail environments has allowed consumers to access a wide range of products at competitive prices. The growing trend of consolidated retail formats has encouraged supermarkets to expand their personal care and fragrance sections, thereby increasing the visibility of synthetic musk products. As consumer demand for scented toiletries and cleaning products continues to rise, hypermarkets and supermarkets will play an essential role in distributing synthetic musks to a broader base of consumers.
Others:
The 'others' category includes various distribution channels such as direct sales, vending machines, and retail partnerships with salons and spas. While these channels may not represent the majority share of the market, they provide important touchpoints for consumers seeking specific products or unique shopping experiences. The growth of direct sales has enabled brands to engage consumers more personally and build lasting relationships. As the market evolves, these alternative channels may gain traction, allowing manufacturers and brands to explore innovative ways of reaching their target audience.
By Ingredient Type
Galaxolide:
Galaxolide is a widely used synthetic musk known for its pleasant scent and versatility in various applications. It is particularly valued for its ability to blend well with floral, fruity, and woody notes in fragrances. Galaxolide offers excellent stability and long-lasting fragrance properties, making it a popular choice among manufacturers of perfumes, cosmetics, and household products. Its widespread use is further supported by its compliance with safety regulations, which enhances its attractiveness to brands looking for reliable and safe ingredients in their formulations.
Musk Ketone:
Musk ketone is another significant synthetic musk that possesses a robust scent profile and is frequently utilized in the fragrance industry. It is known for its sweet and musky notes, which contribute to the overall complexity of various perfume formulations. Musk ketone's ability to act as a fixative extends the longevity of fragrances, making it a favored choice among perfume manufacturers. Additionally, its favorable safety profile ensures its continued use, although regulatory pressures have prompted manufacturers to explore safer alternatives or formulations that minimize environmental impact.
Musk Xylene:
Musk xylene, as previously mentioned, is a prominent synthetic musk used primarily for its strong scent and durability in formulations. It is a versatile compound that finds applications across a wide array of products, including perfumes, detergents, and cosmetics. The use of musk xylene has faced scrutiny due to potential environmental and health concerns, leading manufacturers to seek alternatives. Nonetheless, it remains a significant ingredient in budget-friendly fragrance products, where cost and scent performance are critical factors.
Musk Ambrette:
Musk ambrette is characterized by its floral and sweet scent, making it a favorable choice for high-end fragrances and personal care products. It is often utilized in formulations aimed at creating sophisticated and luxurious scent profiles. Musk ambrette has gained popularity due to its perceived safety and lower environmental impact compared to some other musks. As consumers increasingly seek out non-toxic and eco-friendly alternatives, the demand for musk ambrette is anticipated to rise, particularly among brands focused on clean beauty and sustainability.
Celestolide:
Celestolide is a synthetic musk that combines pleasant scent qualities with a favorable safety and environmental profile, making it an attractive option for manufacturers. Its scent is often described as soft and woody, which allows it to complement a variety of fragrance notes. With the growing trend towards sustainability and the use of safer ingredients in personal care products, celestolide has become increasingly favored by brands that prioritize eco-friendly practices. Its versatility and compatibility with other fragrance components further enhance its appeal in the synthetic musk market.
By Region
The North America region is a key market for synthetic musks, largely driven by the presence of a well-established personal care and cosmetics industry. The region is expected to experience steady growth, with a projected CAGR of approximately 5.5% through 2033. The increasing demand for fragrances, coupled with a growing focus on sustainability and clean ingredients, is propelling the market forward. Major players in the U.S. and Canada are innovating with formulations that incorporate synthetic musks to cater to evolving consumer preferences, further solidifying North America’s dominance in the market.
In Europe, the market for synthetic musks is characterized by stringent regulations and growing consumer awareness regarding product safety. The region represents another significant market for synthetic musks, driven by the demand for fragrances and personal care products. The European market is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 6.2% between 2025 and 2033, as manufacturers adapt to regulatory changes and consumer preferences for eco-friendly ingredients. The rising popularity of niche fragrances and artisanal products is also contributing to the growth of the synthetic musk market in Europe, offering opportunities for innovation and differentiation.
Opportunities
The synthetic musk market is ripe with opportunities, especially for manufacturers who are willing to adapt to the growing consumer preference for eco-friendly and sustainable products. As public awareness of environmental issues continues to rise, consumers are increasingly seeking brands that prioritize safety and sustainability in their ingredient sourcing and product formulations. This shift in consumer behavior presents a significant opportunity for synthetic musk manufacturers to innovate and differentiate their offerings by developing alternative formulations that cater to this demand. Brands that effectively communicate their commitment to sustainability can strengthen customer loyalty and gain a competitive edge in the market.
Furthermore, the expansion of e-commerce and digital retail platforms presents an excellent opportunity for synthetic musk producers to reach a broader audience. As consumers increasingly prefer online shopping for its convenience and variety, brands can leverage digital channels to showcase their products and engage with consumers more effectively. Building an online presence allows manufacturers to tap into new markets, explore direct-to-consumer models, and provide personalized shopping experiences. By investing in digital marketing and exploring innovative sales strategies, companies can capitalize on the rapidly growing online retail segment within the synthetic musk market.
Threats
The synthetic musk market faces several threats, primarily stemming from regulatory pressures and environmental concerns. As various countries intensify their scrutiny of synthetic ingredients in personal care and cosmetic products, manufacturers must navigate complex regulations that could hinder product development and market entry. The increasing emphasis on sustainability has led to a growing demand for natural alternatives to synthetic musks, prompting potential shifts in consumer preferences. Brands that fail to adapt to these changing trends may find themselves at a competitive disadvantage. Additionally, the potential for negative consumer perceptions regarding synthetic ingredients could erode brand loyalty and market share if not addressed proactively.
Another significant threat is the volatility of raw material prices, which can significantly impact production costs and profit margins for synthetic musk manufacturers. Economic fluctuations and geopolitical tensions may result in supply chain disruptions, leading to increased production costs and potentially affecting product pricing. Manufacturers who rely heavily on specific ingredients may find it challenging to maintain consistent pricing and product availability, creating uncertainties in the market. It is essential for companies to develop robust risk management strategies that account for these potential threats to ensure long-term stability in the synthetic musk market.
Competitor Outlook
- Firmenich
- Symrise AG
- International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (IFF)
- Givaudan
- Solvay S.A.
- Takasago International Corporation
- Frutarom
- Robertet SA
- Ventus Group
- Hindustan Unilever Limited
- CLARIANT
- Eastman Chemical Company
- Sensient Technologies Corporation
- Mane SA
- PerfumersWorld
The competitive landscape of the synthetic musk market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies striving to capture market share. Leading companies such as Firmenich, Givaudan, and Symrise maintain dominance due to their extensive product portfolios and strong relationships with major fragrance and cosmetics brands. These companies leverage their expertise in research and development to innovate and introduce new synthetic musk formulations that cater to evolving consumer preferences. Additionally, their global presence enables them to adapt to regional market trends and expanding consumer bases effectively.
Emerging participants in the synthetic musk market are increasingly focusing on sustainability and clean beauty initiatives to differentiate their products. Many newer companies are investing in developing eco-friendly and biodegradable synthetic musks in response to growing consumer demand for safer and more sustainable options. This trend is shaping the competitive dynamics of the market, as established players may need to modify their product offerings and business strategies to stay relevant. As competition intensifies, collaboration and partnerships between manufacturers and cosmetic brands may also play a crucial role in driving innovation and expanding market reach.
In addition to traditional competitors, the synthetic musk market is witnessing the emergence of niche brands that specialize in artisanal fragrances and eco-friendly products. These brands often prioritize quality and uniqueness over mass production, appealing to consumers who are willing to pay a premium for exclusive scent experiences. As the consumer landscape evolves, larger companies may seek to acquire or partner with these niche players to diversify their product offerings and tap into new market segments. This convergence of traditional and emerging companies is expected to foster a dynamic and competitive environment in the synthetic musk market for the foreseeable future.
1 Appendix
- 1.1 List of Tables
- 1.2 List of Figures
2 Introduction
- 2.1 Market Definition
- 2.2 Scope of the Report
- 2.3 Study Assumptions
- 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods
3 Market Dynamics
- 3.1 Market Growth Factors
- 3.2 Economic & Global Events
- 3.3 Innovation Trends
- 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis
4 Consumer Behavior
- 4.1 Market Trends
- 4.2 Pricing Analysis
- 4.3 Buyer Insights
5 Key Player Profiles
- 5.1 Mane SA
- 5.1.1 Business Overview
- 5.1.2 Products & Services
- 5.1.3 Financials
- 5.1.4 Recent Developments
- 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.2 CLARIANT
- 5.2.1 Business Overview
- 5.2.2 Products & Services
- 5.2.3 Financials
- 5.2.4 Recent Developments
- 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.3 Frutarom
- 5.3.1 Business Overview
- 5.3.2 Products & Services
- 5.3.3 Financials
- 5.3.4 Recent Developments
- 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.4 Givaudan
- 5.4.1 Business Overview
- 5.4.2 Products & Services
- 5.4.3 Financials
- 5.4.4 Recent Developments
- 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.5 Firmenich
- 5.5.1 Business Overview
- 5.5.2 Products & Services
- 5.5.3 Financials
- 5.5.4 Recent Developments
- 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.6 Symrise AG
- 5.6.1 Business Overview
- 5.6.2 Products & Services
- 5.6.3 Financials
- 5.6.4 Recent Developments
- 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.7 Robertet SA
- 5.7.1 Business Overview
- 5.7.2 Products & Services
- 5.7.3 Financials
- 5.7.4 Recent Developments
- 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.8 Solvay S.A.
- 5.8.1 Business Overview
- 5.8.2 Products & Services
- 5.8.3 Financials
- 5.8.4 Recent Developments
- 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.9 Ventus Group
- 5.9.1 Business Overview
- 5.9.2 Products & Services
- 5.9.3 Financials
- 5.9.4 Recent Developments
- 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.10 PerfumersWorld
- 5.10.1 Business Overview
- 5.10.2 Products & Services
- 5.10.3 Financials
- 5.10.4 Recent Developments
- 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.11 Eastman Chemical Company
- 5.11.1 Business Overview
- 5.11.2 Products & Services
- 5.11.3 Financials
- 5.11.4 Recent Developments
- 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.12 Hindustan Unilever Limited
- 5.12.1 Business Overview
- 5.12.2 Products & Services
- 5.12.3 Financials
- 5.12.4 Recent Developments
- 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.13 Sensient Technologies Corporation
- 5.13.1 Business Overview
- 5.13.2 Products & Services
- 5.13.3 Financials
- 5.13.4 Recent Developments
- 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.14 Takasago International Corporation
- 5.14.1 Business Overview
- 5.14.2 Products & Services
- 5.14.3 Financials
- 5.14.4 Recent Developments
- 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.15 International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (IFF)
- 5.15.1 Business Overview
- 5.15.2 Products & Services
- 5.15.3 Financials
- 5.15.4 Recent Developments
- 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.1 Mane SA
6 Market Segmentation
- 6.1 Synthetic Musk Market, By Application
- 6.1.1 Fragrances
- 6.1.2 Cosmetics
- 6.1.3 Toiletries
- 6.1.4 Detergents
- 6.1.5 Others
- 6.2 Synthetic Musk Market, By Product Type
- 6.2.1 Nitro Musk
- 6.2.2 Polycyclic Musk
- 6.2.3 Macrocyclic Musk
- 6.2.4 Aminomusk
- 6.2.5 Musk Xylene
- 6.3 Synthetic Musk Market, By Ingredient Type
- 6.3.1 Galaxolide
- 6.3.2 Musk Ketone
- 6.3.3 Musk Xylene
- 6.3.4 Musk Ambrette
- 6.3.5 Celestolide
- 6.4 Synthetic Musk Market, By Distribution Channel
- 6.4.1 Online Stores
- 6.4.2 Specialty Stores
- 6.4.3 Department Stores
- 6.4.4 Hypermarkets/Supermarkets
- 6.4.5 Others
- 6.1 Synthetic Musk Market, By Application
7 Competitive Analysis
- 7.1 Key Player Comparison
- 7.2 Market Share Analysis
- 7.3 Investment Trends
- 7.4 SWOT Analysis
8 Research Methodology
- 8.1 Analysis Design
- 8.2 Research Phases
- 8.3 Study Timeline
9 Future Market Outlook
- 9.1 Growth Forecast
- 9.2 Market Evolution
10 Geographical Overview
- 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
- 10.1.1 By Country
- 10.1.1.1 UK
- 10.1.1.2 France
- 10.1.1.3 Germany
- 10.1.1.4 Spain
- 10.1.1.5 Italy
- 10.1.1 By Country
- 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
- 10.2.1 By Country
- 10.2.1.1 India
- 10.2.1.2 China
- 10.2.1.3 Japan
- 10.2.1.4 South Korea
- 10.2.1 By Country
- 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
- 10.3.1 By Country
- 10.3.1.1 Brazil
- 10.3.1.2 Argentina
- 10.3.1.3 Mexico
- 10.3.1 By Country
- 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
- 10.4.1 By Country
- 10.4.1.1 USA
- 10.4.1.2 Canada
- 10.4.1 By Country
- 10.5 Synthetic Musk Market by Region
- 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
- 10.6.1 By Country
- 10.6.1.1 Middle East
- 10.6.1.2 Africa
- 10.6.1 By Country
- 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
11 Global Economic Factors
- 11.1 Inflation Impact
- 11.2 Trade Policies
12 Technology & Innovation
- 12.1 Emerging Technologies
- 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
- 12.3 Patent Research
13 Investment & Market Growth
- 13.1 Funding Trends
- 13.2 Future Market Projections
14 Market Overview & Key Insights
- 14.1 Executive Summary
- 14.2 Key Trends
- 14.3 Market Challenges
- 14.4 Regulatory Landscape
Segments Analyzed in the Report
The global Synthetic Musk market is categorized based on
By Product Type
- Nitro Musk
- Polycyclic Musk
- Macrocyclic Musk
- Aminomusk
- Musk Xylene
By Application
- Fragrances
- Cosmetics
- Toiletries
- Detergents
- Others
By Distribution Channel
- Online Stores
- Specialty Stores
- Department Stores
- Hypermarkets/Supermarkets
- Others
By Ingredient Type
- Galaxolide
- Musk Ketone
- Musk Xylene
- Musk Ambrette
- Celestolide
By Region
- North America
- Europe
- Asia Pacific
- Latin America
- Middle East & Africa
Key Players
- Firmenich
- Symrise AG
- International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (IFF)
- Givaudan
- Solvay S.A.
- Takasago International Corporation
- Frutarom
- Robertet SA
- Ventus Group
- Hindustan Unilever Limited
- CLARIANT
- Eastman Chemical Company
- Sensient Technologies Corporation
- Mane SA
- PerfumersWorld
- Publish Date : Jan 21 ,2025
- Report ID : CH-20936
- No. Of Pages : 100
- Format : |
- Ratings : 4.5 (110 Reviews)