Structural Steel Pipe Sales

Structural Steel Pipe Sales Market Outlook

The global structural steel pipe sales market is poised for significant growth, projected to reach approximately USD 100 billion by 2035, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. This growth can be attributed to an increasing demand for steel pipes across various sectors, including oil and gas, construction, and automotive. The rising population and urbanization across regions are leading to a surge in infrastructure development, thus driving the demand for structural steel pipes. Additionally, advancements in manufacturing technologies, such as the adoption of automation and modern welding techniques, are enhancing productivity and contributing to the market's expansion. Furthermore, global initiatives focusing on sustainability and reduced carbon footprints are also influencing the material choices in construction projects, making structural steel pipes a preferred option.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several growth factors are influencing the structural steel pipe sales market. One of the primary drivers is the rapid industrialization and urbanization occurring globally, particularly in emerging economies, which boosts the construction and infrastructure sectors. Additionally, the increasing investments in renewable energy projects and oil and gas exploration are creating a substantial demand for durable and high-performance steel pipes. The trend towards lightweight materials in automotive manufacturing is also driving the demand for high-strength steel pipes, particularly for automotive applications. Moreover, the development of smart cities and sustainable construction practices is pushing builders towards utilizing environmentally friendly materials such as steel, further propelling the market. Finally, technological innovations and improvements in the production processes of steel pipes are enhancing their quality, durability, and applications, which positively impacts market growth.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global structural steel pipe sales market is projected to reach USD 100 billion by 2035.
• Strong CAGR of 5.7% expected during 2025–2035.
• Rising demand from the oil and gas industry significantly contributes to market growth.
• Urbanization and infrastructure development in emerging economies fuel the construction sector.
• Technological advancements in manufacturing processes enhance the quality of steel pipes.

By Product Type

Welded Steel Pipe:

Welded steel pipes are prominently used in various applications due to their cost-effectiveness and ease of production. These pipes are manufactured by rolling steel plates and welding the edges, which gives them a smooth finish and uniform thickness. The demand for welded steel pipes is significantly driven by the construction and infrastructure sector, where they are used for structural applications, water distribution, and gas transmission. Furthermore, welded steel pipes are preferred for their flexibility in design and the ability to produce them in large diameters, which is essential for industrial applications. With the growing focus on modern infrastructure and renewable energy projects, the market for welded steel pipes is anticipated to witness substantial growth in the coming years.

Seamless Steel Pipe:

Seamless steel pipes are gaining popularity due to their superior strength and reliability in high-pressure applications. The seamless manufacturing process involves extruding steel to create a pipe without any joints or welds, making it ideal for use in critical industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical, and power generation. These pipes can withstand extreme temperatures and pressures, thus ensuring safety and durability in demanding environments. As energy demands rise globally, the demand for seamless steel pipes is expected to increase, particularly in the upstream and midstream segments of the oil and gas industry, which require robust materials for drilling and transportation of hydrocarbons.

LSAW Steel Pipe:

Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welded (LSAW) steel pipes are essential for large-diameter applications, especially in the oil and gas sector. The LSAW process involves bending the steel plate into a pipe shape and welding it along the length, providing high strength and reliability. These pipes are particularly suited for high-pressure applications, making them ideal for transporting oil and gas over long distances. The increasing investments in pipeline infrastructure and the need for high-quality materials in hazardous environments further drive the demand for LSAW steel pipes. With global energy needs evolving, LSAW pipes are expected to play a critical role in meeting the requirements for transporting resources efficiently.

SSAW Steel Pipe:

Spiral Submerged Arc Welded (SSAW) steel pipes are mainly used in applications requiring high structural integrity and flexibility. The manufacturing process involves spirally welding steel strips, allowing for the production of pipes with varying diameters and wall thicknesses. SSAW pipes are commonly utilized in water transmission, drainage systems, and structural applications. The growing emphasis on water infrastructure development and the rising demand for durable materials in construction projects are expected to drive the SSAW steel pipe market. As cities expand and urbanization continues, the need for efficient water management systems will further boost the adoption of SSAW pipes in various applications.

ERW Steel Pipe:

Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) steel pipes are favored for their versatility and cost-effectiveness. The ERW process involves using electrical resistance to heat and weld the edges of rolled steel sheets, resulting in a strong and uniform product. These pipes are widely used in the construction, automotive, and energy sectors, making them suitable for various applications, including structural components, water pipes, and oil and gas transportation. The increasing adoption of renewable energy sources and the shift towards sustainable construction practices are expected to drive the demand for ERW steel pipes, particularly in regions focusing on infrastructure development and industrial growth.

By Application

Oil & Gas:

The oil and gas industry is one of the largest consumers of structural steel pipes, as they are crucial for drilling, extraction, and transportation processes. The demand for high-performance pipes that can withstand extreme conditions is high in this sector. With the fluctuating prices of crude oil, companies are investing in technologies that enhance production efficiency and reduce operational costs, driving the need for robust and durable steel pipes. As exploration activities expand into deeper offshore reserves, the requirement for advanced steel piping solutions that meet stringent safety standards will continue to grow, thereby bolstering the market for steel pipes in the oil and gas sector.

Construction:

The construction industry is a significant market for structural steel pipes, as they are widely used in building frameworks, scaffolding, and other structural applications. The resurgence of construction activities, particularly in emerging markets, is driving the demand for steel pipes. Moreover, the shift towards prefabricated construction methods that utilize steel for modular builds further propels the use of steel pipes. As infrastructure projects grow in scale and complexity, the need for high-quality and versatile steel piping solutions will continue to rise, making the construction sector a vital contributor to the overall steel pipe market.

Water Treatment:

Water treatment applications rely heavily on the use of structural steel pipes for transporting and distributing water. With the increasing global focus on water conservation and management, the demand for efficient water treatment infrastructure is on the rise. Steel pipes are preferred in this application due to their durability, corrosion resistance, and long service life. The growing concerns around water scarcity and quality are prompting investments in water treatment plants and distribution networks, which in turn is fueling the demand for high-quality steel pipes. As municipalities and organizations strive to improve water infrastructure, the market for structural steel pipes is expected to expand significantly.

Automotive:

The automotive industry utilizes structural steel pipes for various applications, including chassis, exhaust systems, and roll cages. The growing trend of lightweight materials in vehicle manufacturing is driving the demand for high-strength steel pipes that can reduce vehicle weight while maintaining safety and performance standards. As electric vehicles (EVs) gain popularity, the automotive sector is evolving towards more sustainable materials and practices, encouraging the use of advanced steel piping solutions. The emphasis on fuel efficiency and emissions reductions will continue to stimulate the demand for structural steel pipes in the automotive industry.

Others:

Beyond the oil and gas, construction, water treatment, and automotive sectors, a range of other applications also drive the demand for structural steel pipes. These applications include energy production, manufacturing, and various industrial processes that require reliable and robust piping systems. The versatility of steel pipes allows them to be used in numerous specialized applications, such as HVAC systems, fire protection systems, and agricultural irrigation. As industries evolve and the need for efficient piping systems increases, the broader application of steel pipes in diverse sectors will contribute to the overall market growth.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales channels for structural steel pipes involve selling products directly from manufacturers to consumers or businesses, often resulting in lower costs and better margins for both parties. This distribution approach allows manufacturers to establish strong relationships with customers, providing tailored solutions that meet specific needs. Direct sales are increasingly preferred by large-scale construction firms and industrial buyers looking for bulk purchases, as they offer more negotiating power and streamlined logistics. As the construction and manufacturing industries expand, the direct sales channel is expected to grow in prominence, helping manufacturers cater to specific demands efficiently.

Distributor Sales:

Distributor sales are a crucial component of the structural steel pipe market, enabling manufacturers to reach a broader customer base through established distribution networks. Distributors play a vital role in inventory management, ensuring that steel pipes are available to customers in various regions while providing essential support services. As the demand for steel pipes continues to rise, distributors will likely expand their offerings and improve logistics to meet customer needs more efficiently. This distribution channel is particularly beneficial for small and medium-sized enterprises that may lack the resources to manage direct sales effectively.

Online Sales:

Online sales channels are becoming increasingly significant in the structural steel pipe market, driven by the growing trend of e-commerce and digitalization. Manufacturers and distributors are leveraging online platforms to reach customers more effectively, providing detailed product information, pricing, and availability at their fingertips. This distribution channel allows for greater transparency and convenience, enabling customers to compare products and make informed purchasing decisions. With the rise of digital tools and online marketplaces, the online sales avenue is expected to experience substantial growth, catering to a more tech-savvy customer base.

Retail Sales:

Retail sales of structural steel pipes, while less common than direct and distributor sales, still account for a portion of the market, especially for smaller projects or DIY applications. Hardware stores and home improvement retailers often stock a limited range of steel pipes for local customers, providing them with convenient access to necessary materials. As the DIY market continues to grow, the retail sales channel may see increased demand for structural steel pipes, particularly in residential and small-scale commercial projects. This segment could also create opportunities for manufacturers to engage with consumers directly and promote their products.

Others:

Other distribution channels for structural steel pipes may include specialized wholesalers, trade exhibitions, and procurement platforms that cater to specific industries. These channels can provide unique opportunities for manufacturers to showcase their products and build relationships with potential customers. As the market evolves, new distribution methods may emerge, driven by technological advancements and changing consumer behaviors. The diversification of distribution channels will be essential for manufacturers to adapt to shifting market dynamics and capitalize on growth opportunities.

By Material Type

Carbon Steel:

Carbon steel is a widely used material in the production of structural steel pipes, known for its excellent strength and durability. This material is versatile and cost-effective, making it suitable for a variety of applications across multiple industries, including construction, automotive, and oil and gas. The increasing demand for lightweight and high-strength materials in modern applications is driving the growth of carbon steel pipes. Furthermore, advancements in carbon steel technology, such as improved coating and treatment methods, are enhancing the corrosion resistance and longevity of these pipes, making them an attractive option for various projects.

Stainless Steel:

Stainless steel is recognized for its superior corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal, making it a preferred choice for applications requiring hygiene and cleanliness, such as food processing and pharmaceuticals. The use of stainless steel pipes is growing in industries where durability and low maintenance are crucial. The increasing focus on sustainability and environmental considerations is driving the demand for stainless steel pipes, as they are often recyclable and have a lower environmental impact compared to other materials. With ongoing innovations in stainless steel production and design, the market for these pipes is expected to expand significantly.

Alloy Steel:

Alloy steel pipes include various elements added to enhance specific properties, such as strength, toughness, and resistance to wear and heat. These pipes are primarily used in demanding applications, including oil and gas extraction, chemical processing, and high-temperature environments. The versatility of alloy steel makes it suitable for a wide range of industrial applications, leading to increased demand for high-performance materials. As industries continue to evolve and require more robust solutions, the market for alloy steel pipes is anticipated to grow, driven by technological advancements and innovations in material science.

Duplex Steel:

Duplex steel offers a unique combination of austenitic and ferritic properties, providing excellent strength and resistance to corrosion, particularly in highly corrosive environments. These pipes are favored in industries such as oil and gas, marine, and chemical processing due to their ability to withstand harsh conditions. The continued expansion of offshore oil exploration and the need for durable materials in marine applications are driving the demand for duplex steel pipes. As industries focus on enhancing safety and performance, the market for duplex steel is expected to experience significant growth, driven by ongoing research and development efforts.

Others:

Other material types used in structural steel pipes may include specialty alloys and composite materials designed for specific applications. These materials can offer unique properties, such as lightweight designs or enhanced corrosion resistance, catering to niche markets and specialized needs. The growing emphasis on innovation and performance in various industries is encouraging manufacturers to explore alternative materials that can provide competitive advantages. The diversification of material types in the structural steel pipe market will likely create new opportunities for growth and development in the coming years.

By Region

The regional analysis of the structural steel pipe sales market reveals distinct trends and growth opportunities across various geographical areas. In North America, the market is expected to witness a steady CAGR of 5% from 2025 to 2035, primarily driven by the booming construction sector and significant investments in oil and gas exploration. The United States, being a leader in infrastructure projects and energy production, represents a substantial portion of the market. The region's focus on modernizing transportation and utility infrastructure is expected to further enhance the demand for structural steel pipes, particularly in large-scale projects.

In the Asia Pacific region, the structural steel pipe market is anticipated to dominate the global landscape due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. With countries like China and India leading the charge in infrastructure development, the demand for steel pipes in construction and manufacturing is soaring. The region is projected to hold over 40% of the global market share by 2035, bolstered by government initiatives aimed at improving urban infrastructure and enhancing energy efficiency. As the region continues to grow economically, the structural steel pipe market is likely to thrive, creating numerous opportunities for manufacturers and suppliers.

Opportunities

The structural steel pipe market presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly in emerging economies where infrastructure development is accelerating. The increasing urban population in countries such as India and Brazil has led to a rise in construction projects, including residential, commercial, and civic infrastructures. As governments prioritize economic development and allocate budgets for infrastructure enhancements, the demand for structural steel pipes will continue to surge. Additionally, the global shift towards renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, presents a significant opportunity for the steel pipe market. These energy projects often require specialized piping solutions to ensure efficient energy transmission and distribution, thereby boosting the market for steel pipes tailored to these applications.

Furthermore, technological advancements in manufacturing processes and materials will open new avenues for growth. Innovations such as automated welding techniques and advanced coating technologies can enhance the performance and lifespan of steel pipes, making them more appealing to industries seeking durability and efficiency. The increasing focus on sustainability also provides an opportunity for manufacturers to develop eco-friendly steel pipe solutions that meet stringent environmental regulations. By leveraging these advancements and trends, companies in the structural steel pipe market can create a competitive edge and capture significant market share in the evolving landscape.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the structural steel pipe market, several threats could hinder growth. One of the primary concerns is the volatility of steel prices, which can significantly impact profit margins for manufacturers and suppliers. Fluctuating raw material costs can lead to increased pricing for end-users, potentially reducing demand. Additionally, economic downturns or slowdowns in key markets may result in project delays or cancellations, affecting overall sales. Furthermore, increasing competition from alternative materials, such as plastic pipes or composite materials, poses a challenge as industries seek cost-effective and lightweight solutions. This competition could pressure manufacturers to innovate continually and improve their product offerings to retain market share.

Moreover, geopolitical factors such as trade tariffs and restrictions can affect the trade dynamics of steel pipes, making it challenging for companies to operate in certain regions. Regulatory changes concerning environmental impacts can also alter the landscape of the steel pipe market, requiring manufacturers to adapt to new standards and practices. Businesses must remain vigilant to these threats and develop strategies to mitigate risks while exploring growth opportunities in the evolving market.

Competitor Outlook

• Tenaris S.A.
• JFE Steel Corporation
• Vallourec S.A.
• United States Steel Corporation
• TMK Group
• Severstal
• National Oilwell Varco, Inc.
• Welspun Corp Ltd.
• Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
• ArcelorMittal
• Zekelman Industries, Inc.
• Outokumpu Oyj
• Hunan Valin Steel Co., Ltd.
• Thyssenkrupp AG
• Evraz Group S.A.

The competitive landscape of the structural steel pipe sales market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies vying for market share. The leading companies are focused on enhancing their production capabilities and expanding their product portfolios to cater to varying customer requirements. Many of these firms engage in strategic partnerships and collaborations to leverage technological advancements and improve their competitive positions. Additionally, companies are increasingly investing in research and development to innovate new steel pipe solutions that meet the evolving needs of the market. This competitive environment necessitates that businesses remain adaptive and proactive in their strategies to maintain relevance and growth.

Tenaris S.A. is recognized as a global leader in the production of steel pipes, particularly for the oil and gas sector. The company emphasizes quality and technological innovation, enabling it to meet stringent industry standards. Tenaris operates a vast network of manufacturing facilities worldwide, ensuring a reliable supply of products to its clients. Similarly, Vallourec S.A. has established a strong presence in the market through its focus on high-quality tubular solutions for various applications. The company is known for its commitment to sustainability and environmental initiatives, aligning with the growing demand for eco-friendly products.

United States Steel Corporation is another key player that has been investing heavily in upgrading its production facilities to enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact. With a long-standing history in the steel industry, U.S. Steel continues to innovate its product lines, particularly in the context of the automotive and construction sectors. TMK Group, based in Russia, is a prominent manufacturer of steel pipes, specializing in oil and gas applications. The company has a significant market share in both domestic and international markets, leveraging its extensive experience and expertise in the industry. These companies exemplify the competitive nature of the structural steel pipe market and the importance of innovation and strategic positioning in achieving sustained growth.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Severstal
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 TMK Group
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Tenaris S.A.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 ArcelorMittal
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Outokumpu Oyj
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Vallourec S.A.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Thyssenkrupp AG
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Evraz Group S.A.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Welspun Corp Ltd.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 JFE Steel Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Zekelman Industries, Inc.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Hunan Valin Steel Co., Ltd.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 National Oilwell Varco, Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 United States Steel Corporation
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Structural Steel Pipe Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Oil & Gas
    • 6.1.2 Construction
    • 6.1.3 Water Treatment
    • 6.1.4 Automotive
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Structural Steel Pipe Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Welded Steel Pipe
    • 6.2.2 Seamless Steel Pipe
    • 6.2.3 LSAW Steel Pipe
    • 6.2.4 SSAW Steel Pipe
    • 6.2.5 ERW Steel Pipe
  • 6.3 Structural Steel Pipe Sales Market, By Material Type
    • 6.3.1 Carbon Steel
    • 6.3.2 Stainless Steel
    • 6.3.3 Alloy Steel
    • 6.3.4 Duplex Steel
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Structural Steel Pipe Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributor Sales
    • 6.4.3 Online Sales
    • 6.4.4 Retail Sales
    • 6.4.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Structural Steel Pipe Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Structural Steel Pipe Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Welded Steel Pipe
• Seamless Steel Pipe
• LSAW Steel Pipe
• SSAW Steel Pipe
• ERW Steel Pipe

By Application

• Oil & Gas
• Construction
• Water Treatment
• Automotive
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributor Sales
• Online Sales
• Retail Sales
• Others

By Material Type

• Carbon Steel
• Stainless Steel
• Alloy Steel
• Duplex Steel
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Tenaris S.A.
• JFE Steel Corporation
• Vallourec S.A.
• United States Steel Corporation
• TMK Group
• Severstal
• National Oilwell Varco, Inc.
• Welspun Corp Ltd.
• Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
• ArcelorMittal
• Zekelman Industries, Inc.
• Outokumpu Oyj
• Hunan Valin Steel Co., Ltd.
• Thyssenkrupp AG
• Evraz Group S.A.