Residential Induction Hobs Sales

Residential Induction Hobs Sales Market Outlook

The global residential induction hobs market is projected to reach USD 2.9 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of approximately 8.5% from 2025 to 2035. The growing preference for energy-efficient cooking solutions, coupled with the rising awareness regarding safety features associated with induction hobs, is significantly influencing market growth. The rapid urbanization and changing lifestyle trends toward modern cooking methods are further driving the demand for residential induction hobs. Additionally, consumer behavior is shifting towards eco-friendly appliances, which are not only efficient but also help in reducing carbon footprints. The increasing disposable income among consumers, particularly in developing regions, is also propelling the market forward, with more households investing in advanced kitchen technologies.

Growth Factor of the Market

The residential induction hobs market experiences growth primarily due to the increasing inclination of consumers towards energy-efficient and cost-effective cooking solutions. As electricity prices continue to rise, consumers are more aware of the significant utility savings associated with induction cooking compared to traditional gas stoves. Furthermore, induction hobs offer enhanced safety features, such as automatic shut-off and cool-to-touch surfaces, which are appealing to families with children. The market is also buoyed by technological advancements that improve the efficiency and functionality of induction cooktops, such as smart technology integration, which allows users to control their hobs via smartphones. This integration of smart technologies not only enhances cooking convenience but also helps in monitoring energy consumption. Lastly, the rising trend of modular kitchen designs and the remodeling of existing homes are promoting the installation of modern cooking appliances, thus driving market growth.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global residential induction hobs market is expected to grow significantly, driven by technological advancements.
• Energy efficiency and safety features are primary factors contributing to consumer preference.
• Urbanization and changing lifestyles are key growth stimulants for the market.
• Smart technology integration in induction hobs is gaining traction among consumers.
• Increasing disposable income in developing regions is leading to higher investments in modern kitchen appliances.

By Product Type

Built-in Induction Hobs:

Built-in induction hobs are designed to be integrated into the kitchen countertop, offering a seamless and sleek appearance that enhances the aesthetics of modern kitchens. This product type is gaining traction due to its space-saving design, which allows for more counter space and a cleaner look. Built-in induction hobs typically come with advanced features such as touch controls, multiple cooking zones, and even heat distribution, making them a preferred choice among consumers who prioritize functionality and design. Moreover, the installation of built-in models is often accompanied by the customization of kitchen layouts, making them popular in newly constructed homes and renovations. The trend towards open-concept living spaces also supports the growth of built-in induction hobs, as these appliances can be strategically placed for both functionality and visual appeal.

Freestanding Induction Hobs:

Freestanding induction hobs offer versatility and ease of use, as they can be placed anywhere in the kitchen without the need for built-in installations. These hobs are designed for consumers who require flexibility in their cooking space or who may not have the option for built-in models due to space constraints. Freestanding induction hobs often come with features such as multiple cooking zones, adjustable heat settings, and user-friendly interfaces, catering to a wide range of cooking needs. Additionally, their mobility enables users to relocate them as necessary, making them ideal for renters or those who frequently rearrange their kitchen layouts. The preference for freestanding models is growing, particularly in urban areas where kitchen space can be limited and consumers desire functional yet versatile cooking solutions.

Portable Induction Hobs:

Portable induction hobs are compact cooking appliances that are gaining popularity among consumers who need flexibility and convenience in their cooking options. These hobs are ideal for small kitchens, dorm rooms, or outdoor cooking settings, as they are lightweight and easy to store when not in use. The ability to use portable induction hobs in various locations, including camping trips or temporary housing, caters to a diverse demographic, particularly students and young professionals. Furthermore, advancements in portable induction technology have enhanced their performance, offering features such as rapid heating and energy-efficient cooking. With the rise in popularity of home cooking and outdoor activities, the demand for portable induction hobs is expected to continue growing.

Slide-in Induction Hobs:

Slide-in induction hobs provide a combination of built-in functionality and freestanding convenience, making them a popular choice for modern kitchens. These units are designed to slide between cabinets for a built-in look while maintaining the mobility and accessibility of freestanding models. They often feature advanced cooking technologies that enhance the user experience, such as bridge zones that allow for the use of larger cookware. Slide-in units are particularly appealing to consumers looking for a versatile solution that does not compromise on style or functionality. This product type is gaining traction in new kitchen designs, especially in upscale homes, where aesthetic consistency and modern functionality are prioritized.

Compact Induction Hobs:

Compact induction hobs are specifically designed for those with limited kitchen space, such as small apartments, studios, or tiny homes. Their smaller footprint does not compromise on performance, allowing users to enjoy the benefits of induction cooking in a more manageable size. Compact hobs often come with fewer cooking zones and simplified features, making them user-friendly and efficient for individuals or small families. As urban living trends continue to grow, the demand for compact appliances that maximize utility in constrained spaces is also increasing. These hobs are ideal for young professionals or students who prioritize space-saving solutions without sacrificing cooking quality.

By Application

Household:

The household application segment is the largest contributor to the residential induction hobs market, driven by the increasing consumer preference for efficient and safe cooking methods. Families are increasingly investing in induction hobs due to their energy-saving capabilities, quick cooking times, and reduced risks associated with open flames. As more households seek to adopt energy-efficient appliances, induction hobs have become a popular choice. Additionally, the trend towards cooking at home, fueled by the health and wellness movement and the impact of global events, is further driving the demand for residential cooking appliances. The household application segment is expected to maintain a strong growth trajectory as consumers continue to prioritize convenience, safety, and energy efficiency in their cooking routines.

Apartments:

The apartment segment is experiencing growth as urbanization trends lead to an increase in apartment living. With space being a premium in urban settings, induction hobs are proving to be the perfect solution for apartment dwellers. Their compact design allows for efficient use of limited kitchen space while providing powerful cooking capabilities. Furthermore, the ease of installation and portability of some induction hobs appeals to renters who may not have the ability to make permanent modifications to their kitchens. As more people choose to live in apartments, the demand for induction hobs that cater to their unique needs is expected to rise, contributing positively to market growth.

Condos:

The condo market is similar to the apartment segment, where space efficiency and modern aesthetics are critical. Many condo owners are investing in residential induction hobs due to their sleek design and advanced cooking features that align with contemporary kitchen trends. The demand for induction hobs in condos is fueled by a growing preference for energy-efficient and safe cooking solutions, particularly among younger consumers and professionals. Additionally, the integration of smart technology in induction hobs appeals to tech-savvy condo owners who seek convenience in their cooking experiences. As the trend of condo living continues, this segment is likely to bolster the overall growth of the residential induction hobs market.

Others:

This segment includes various other applications where induction hobs are utilized, such as in small commercial settings, temporary accommodations, or in outdoor cooking scenarios. The versatility of induction hobs makes them suitable for a variety of uses beyond traditional home kitchens. As more consumers recognize the benefits of induction cooking, including speed and energy efficiency, they are likely to adopt these appliances in diverse settings. The growth of this segment is also supported by an increasing interest in outdoor cooking and camping, where portable induction hobs can provide a convenient solution for cooking away from home.

By Distribution Channel

Online Retail:

The online retail channel has become a significant distribution avenue for residential induction hobs, driven by the convenience and vast selection available to consumers. E-commerce platforms allow users to compare different models, read reviews, and access competitive pricing, making it an attractive shopping option. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift towards online shopping, with more consumers embracing the ease of purchasing appliances from home. Online retailers often provide detailed product descriptions, customer feedback, and video demonstrations, which help potential buyers make informed decisions. As online shopping becomes increasingly prevalent, it is expected that sales through this channel will continue to grow, thereby impacting the overall market positively.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores focused on kitchen appliances offer a unique shopping experience for consumers looking for residential induction hobs. These stores typically provide expert knowledge, personalized service, and the opportunity to physically interact with the products before purchasing. The staff in specialty stores often have extensive training in the features and benefits of various induction hobs, which can help guide customers in their decision-making process. The ability to see and test the products adds a layer of assurance for consumers, particularly for those investing in higher-end models. As consumers seek quality and personalized service, specialty stores are likely to maintain a steady presence in the distribution landscape.

Department Stores:

Department stores serve as a traditional distribution channel for residential induction hobs, providing a diverse range of appliances under one roof. While the focus on online shopping is growing, department stores continue to attract consumers, particularly those who prefer to browse and shop in physical spaces. These stores often feature promotional events and discounts that can stimulate sales. The availability of multiple brands and models in a single location allows consumers to make comparisons and select the best option for their needs. As department stores adapt to changing consumer behaviors, they will likely continue to play an important role in the distribution of induction hobs and other kitchen appliances.

Hypermarkets & Supermarkets:

Hypermarkets and supermarkets offer a unique shopping experience by combining groceries with household appliances. This multi-functional shopping environment attracts a broad customer base, including those looking to purchase residential induction hobs as part of their larger shopping needs. The convenience of being able to buy kitchen appliances alongside everyday groceries is appealing to consumers, particularly busy families. These large-format stores often run promotions or bulk deals, which can encourage consumers to consider purchasing induction hobs. Despite the rise of online shopping, hypermarkets and supermarkets maintain a notable presence in appliance sales due to their convenience and accessibility.

Others:

This segment includes various unconventional distribution channels such as home improvement stores, warehouse clubs, and direct sales organizations. These channels offer unique advantages, including competitive pricing, bulk buying options, and specialized product offerings. Home improvement stores often attract DIY enthusiasts who may be interested in renovation projects, which can include upgrading kitchen appliances. Warehouse clubs appeal to consumers looking for value deals on larger purchases. As these alternative channels continue to evolve and adapt to consumer preferences, they will contribute to the overall growth of the residential induction hobs market.

By Fuel Type

Electric Induction Hobs:

Electric induction hobs are the most common type and are highly preferred due to their energy efficiency and quick cooking capabilities. Operated through electromagnetic fields, they provide faster heating times compared to traditional cooking methods, making them ideal for busy households. This type of induction hob usually features multiple cooking zones, easy-to-use touch controls, and safety features like auto shut-off. The rising awareness of environmental sustainability and energy conservation is driving increased adoption of electric induction hobs. With energy-efficient ratings and lower utility bills associated with their use, electric induction hobs are expected to dominate the market for years to come.

Gas + Induction Hobs:

Gas + induction hobs offer a hybrid cooking solution that combines the benefits of both gas and induction cooking technologies. These hobs are designed for consumers who appreciate the instant heat of gas burners while also wanting the energy efficiency and precision of induction cooking. This dual-fuel capability allows for greater versatility in cooking styles and preferences. Gas + induction hobs are particularly popular among culinary enthusiasts who may require different heating methods for various dishes. The flexibility offered by this type of hob is driving its adoption among consumers who seek superior performance and control in their cooking experience.

Hybrid Induction Hobs:

Hybrid induction hobs represent an innovative approach to cooking, combining features of traditional cooking methods with modern induction technology. These hobs typically allow users to choose between different heat sources depending on their cooking needs, providing a customizable cooking experience. The ability to switch between induction and other heat sources makes hybrid hobs appealing to users who appreciate the versatility in their cooking capabilities. As more consumers become interested in advanced kitchen technologies, the hybrid induction hob market is expected to gain traction among those looking for multifunctional cooking appliances.

Others:

This category encompasses various unconventional fuel types used in induction cooking, which may include alternative energy sources or specialized cooking technologies. While less common than electric or gas options, these hobs appeal to niche markets and environmentally conscious consumers looking for innovative solutions. The evolution of cooking technologies continues to create opportunities for alternative fuel types, which may enhance the cooking experience and cater to specific consumer preferences. As the market diversifies, the influence of these alternative fuel types on overall trends in the residential induction hobs market is expected to grow.

By Region

The regional analysis of the residential induction hobs market reveals significant growth patterns across various geographic locations. North America holds a substantial share of the market, driven by an increasing emphasis on energy-efficient cooking solutions and a growing trend toward modern kitchen renovations. The region is projected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 7.5% during the forecast period, supported by rising disposable incomes and a shift in consumer preferences towards smart home technologies. Similarly, Europe is witnessing robust demand due to stringent regulations on energy consumption and a heightened awareness of environmental issues. The region's historical preference for modern cooking appliances also contributes to its strong market performance, making it a key player in the residential induction hobs landscape.

In the Asia Pacific region, the residential induction hobs market is set to experience remarkable growth, projected at a CAGR of around 9% through 2035. This growth is fueled by rapid urbanization, increased disposable incomes, and a rising middle class that is eager to adopt modern cooking solutions. Countries like China and India are leading the charge, with a surge in residential construction and an increasing number of households investing in energy-efficient appliances. Meanwhile, the Latin America and Middle East & Africa regions are also expected to show steady growth, driven by rising consumer awareness and the gradual shift towards modern kitchen technologies.

Opportunities

The residential induction hobs market is ripe with opportunities as advancements in technology create a pathway for innovative product development. Manufacturers are focusing on developing smart induction hobs that integrate with home automation systems, allowing consumers to control their cooking appliances remotely through smartphones or voice commands. This trend towards connectivity aligns with the broader movement toward smart homes, where convenience and energy efficiency are paramount. Additionally, as the market becomes more competitive, companies are increasingly investing in research and development to create unique features such as temperature sensors, programmable cooking settings, and energy monitoring capabilities. These advancements not only attract tech-savvy consumers but also encourage repeat purchases and brand loyalty.

Furthermore, the expansion of e-commerce platforms presents significant opportunities for market players to reach a wider audience. With the growing trend of online shopping, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, businesses can leverage digital marketing strategies to promote their products effectively. By focusing on enhancing customer experience through detailed product descriptions, reviews, and customer support, companies can tap into the online retail space more effectively. Additionally, as the trend of sustainable living and eco-friendly appliances continues to rise, manufacturers have the opportunity to cater to environmentally conscious consumers by promoting the energy efficiency and reduced carbon footprint of induction hobs. This focus on sustainability could prove advantageous as consumers increasingly consider environmental impact in their purchasing decisions.

Threats

The residential induction hobs market faces several threats that could hinder growth and market stability. One significant challenge is the intense competition among manufacturers, leading to price wars that could diminish profit margins. As new entrants continue to emerge, established brands may need to invest in innovative features or aggressive marketing strategies to maintain their market share. This competition can create an environment where price reductions are common, which may ultimately affect the quality of products available in the market. Additionally, fluctuating raw material prices can impact production costs, posing challenges for manufacturers striving to keep their products affordable while maintaining quality standards.

Moreover, consumer reluctance to switch from traditional cooking methods to induction cooking can act as a restraining factor. Many individuals may be hesitant to invest in induction hobs due to a lack of understanding of their benefits or concerns about compatibility with existing cookware. This resistance to change can impede market growth, especially in regions with deep-rooted cooking traditions. Additionally, economic downturns or uncertainties can lead to reduced consumer spending on non-essential home appliances, further constraining market expansion. Addressing these threats will require manufacturers to educate consumers on the benefits of induction cooking and demonstrate the long-term savings and efficiency associated with these appliances.

Competitor Outlook

• Electrolux
• Whirlpool Corporation
• Samsung Electronics
• Bosch
• Pantone
• GE Appliances
• LG Electronics
• Frigidaire
• KitchenAid
• Amana
• Panasonic
• Sharp Corporation
• Siemens
• Fisher & Paykel
• Daewoo Electronics

The competitive landscape of the residential induction hobs market is characterized by the presence of several key players who are continually striving to differentiate themselves through innovation, quality, and customer engagement. Major companies are increasingly focused on research and development to introduce advanced features that enhance user experience and improve energy efficiency. For instance, many manufacturers are investing heavily in smart technology integration, which allows consumers to control their induction hobs through mobile devices. This focus on technological advancements not only meets the evolving demands of consumers but also positions these companies as leaders in the market. Additionally, collaborations with retailers and strategic partnerships for distribution channels are becoming common strategies to expand market reach and increase brand visibility.

Electrolux, a prominent player in the residential induction hobs market, has consistently focused on sustainability and energy efficiency in its product offerings. The company's induction hobs are known for their sleek design and features that cater to modern cooking needs. Electrolux invests in innovative technology to enhance user experience, such as intuitive touch controls and smart connectivity options that appeal to tech-savvy consumers. Similarly, Whirlpool Corporation has adopted a customer-centric approach in developing its induction hobs, emphasizing energy savings and ease of use. Their extensive research into consumer preferences helps them design products that resonate with the market's demands.

Samsung Electronics is another key player that has made significant strides in the residential induction hobs market. The company has developed a range of induction cooktops with features that enhance cooking precision and efficiency. Samsung’s commitment to innovation is evident in its smart induction hobs that can be controlled via smartphones, allowing users to monitor their cooking from anywhere. In contrast, Bosch has built a reputation for high-quality appliances, emphasizing durability and performance in its induction hobs. The brand’s focus on German engineering and technology has earned it a loyal customer base, positioning Bosch as a leading competitor in the residential induction hobs market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Amana
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Bosch
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Pantone
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Siemens
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Panasonic
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Electrolux
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Frigidaire
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 KitchenAid
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 GE Appliances
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 LG Electronics
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Fisher & Paykel
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Sharp Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Daewoo Electronics
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Samsung Electronics
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Whirlpool Corporation
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Residential Induction Hobs Sales Market, By Fuel Type
    • 6.1.1 Electric Induction Hobs
    • 6.1.2 Gas + Induction Hobs
    • 6.1.3 Hybrid Induction Hobs
    • 6.1.4 Others
  • 6.2 Residential Induction Hobs Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.2.1 Household
    • 6.2.2 Apartments
    • 6.2.3 Condos
    • 6.2.4 Others
  • 6.3 Residential Induction Hobs Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.3.1 Built-in Induction Hobs
    • 6.3.2 Freestanding Induction Hobs
    • 6.3.3 Portable Induction Hobs
    • 6.3.4 Slide-in Induction Hobs
    • 6.3.5 Compact Induction Hobs
  • 6.4 Residential Induction Hobs Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Retail
    • 6.4.2 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.3 Department Stores
    • 6.4.4 Hypermarkets & Supermarkets
    • 6.4.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Residential Induction Hobs Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Residential Induction Hobs Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Built-in Induction Hobs
• Freestanding Induction Hobs
• Portable Induction Hobs
• Slide-in Induction Hobs
• Compact Induction Hobs

By Application

• Household
• Apartments
• Condos
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Online Retail
• Specialty Stores
• Department Stores
• Hypermarkets & Supermarkets
• Others

By Fuel Type

• Electric Induction Hobs
• Gas + Induction Hobs
• Hybrid Induction Hobs
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Electrolux
• Whirlpool Corporation
• Samsung Electronics
• Bosch
• Pantone
• GE Appliances
• LG Electronics
• Frigidaire
• KitchenAid
• Amana
• Panasonic
• Sharp Corporation
• Siemens
• Fisher & Paykel
• Daewoo Electronics