Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales

Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales Market Outlook

The global propylene carbonate market, valued at approximately USD 1.2 billion in 2023, is projected to experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5.8% from 2023 to 2030. This growth trajectory is primarily driven by the increasing demand for propylene carbonate in various applications, particularly in the lithium battery sector, paints and coatings, and personal care products. Additionally, the rising adoption of environmentally friendly solvents and the need for high-performance chemicals in several industries are contributing to market expansion. The shift towards sustainable and biodegradable products, alongside the automotive industry's growing focus on electric vehicles, is further bolstering market demand. As industries evolve, the versatility and favorable properties of propylene carbonate are expected to enhance its utilization across various sectors.

Growth Factor of the Market

The growth of the propylene carbonate market is significantly influenced by various factors, including the increasing consumer preference for sustainable and eco-friendly products. This trend is particularly evident in sectors such as paints and coatings, where propylene carbonate is favored for its low environmental impact compared to traditional solvents. Furthermore, the surge in electric vehicle production has catalyzed the demand for lithium batteries, which in turn drives the need for high-purity propylene carbonate. Additionally, advancements in production technologies have increased the efficiency and reduced the costs associated with propylene carbonate manufacturing, making it more accessible to industries worldwide. The pharmaceutical sector's growing reliance on propylene carbonate as a solvent and excipient is also contributing to market growth. Finally, the rise in disposable income and changing consumer preferences in emerging economies are anticipated to provide new opportunities for market players, further stimulating growth within the sector.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Significant growth projected in the lithium batteries application segment, driven by the EV market.
• Increased demand for eco-friendly solvents in the paints and coatings industry.
• Technological advancements improving production efficiency and reducing costs.
• Growing utilization of propylene carbonate in pharmaceutical formulations.
• Rising consumer awareness regarding sustainable products contributing to market expansion.

By Product Type

PC Grade A:

PC Grade A refers to the high-purity variant of propylene carbonate, specifically designed for applications requiring stringent quality standards, such as pharmaceuticals and food-grade products. Its extensive use in these sectors is primarily attributed to its solvent properties, non-toxicity, and low volatility. The increasing demand from the pharmaceutical industry, particularly for drug formulations and as an excipient, has led to a significant rise in the consumption of PC Grade A. Furthermore, its application in high-performance coatings and adhesives has expanded its market reach, making it a critical segment within the propylene carbonate market.

PC Grade B:

PC Grade B is the commercial-grade variant of propylene carbonate, primarily utilized in industrial applications. This grade is known for its excellent solvency properties and is commonly used in various chemical processes, including the production of plastics and polymers. The robust demand for PC Grade B is largely driven by its applications in coatings and specialty chemicals. Additionally, its growing usage in the automotive sector, particularly in the manufacturing of electric vehicles, is expected to enhance its market growth. As industries focus on optimizing performance and achieving cost-effectiveness, the demand for PC Grade B is anticipated to rise significantly in the coming years.

PC Grade C:

PC Grade C is often utilized in applications that do not require ultra-high purity, such as cleaning agents and industrial solvents. Its cost-effectiveness and suitable performance characteristics make it a preferred choice for various applications, including surface treatments and degreasing solutions. The growth of the industrial sector, particularly in developing economies, has spurred demand for PC Grade C, as manufacturers seek efficient and affordable solutions for their operations. Additionally, the flexibility of PC Grade C in formulation chemistry allows it to be used in a variety of products, further enhancing its market attractiveness.

PC Grade D:

PC Grade D is another variant that finds its applications predominantly in the production of coatings and adhesives. Its unique properties, such as high boiling point and low toxicity, make it an ideal choice for manufacturers looking for reliable solvent solutions. The increasing focus on high-performance coatings in various sectors, including automotive, construction, and furniture, is driving the demand for PC Grade D. Moreover, the shift towards waterborne systems in the coatings industry is anticipated to further boost the adoption of PC Grade D as a solvent alternative, leading to an upward trajectory in its market share.

PC Grade E:

PC Grade E is primarily utilized in niche applications, such as in personal care products and cosmetics. With the growing awareness of clean and sustainable beauty, the demand for propylene carbonate in cosmetic formulations has witnessed a notable upsurge. Its ability to act as a solvent and skin-conditioning agent makes it an attractive ingredient for formulators. The expanding personal care market, particularly in Asia-Pacific and North America, is expected to fuel the growth of PC Grade E, as consumers increasingly seek products that are both effective and environmentally friendly. Innovations in formulation chemistry and the rise of clean beauty trends are likely to continue propelling the demand for this grade in the coming years.

By Application

Paints & Coatings:

The paints and coatings sector is one of the largest applications for propylene carbonate, due to its excellent solvent properties and ability to improve the performance of coatings. It serves as a versatile solvent in waterborne and solvent-borne formulations, enhancing the application characteristics of paints. The growing focus on environmental sustainability in the coatings industry is driving the shift towards biodegradable solvents like propylene carbonate, which are less harmful to human health and the environment. Additionally, as manufacturers strive to meet stringent regulations regarding volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the adoption of propylene carbonate in paints and coatings formulations is expected to increase, propelling market growth in this segment.

Lithium Batteries:

The demand for propylene carbonate in lithium batteries is experiencing significant growth, primarily due to the surging electric vehicle market. Propylene carbonate serves as a solvent in the electrolyte formulations of lithium-ion batteries, contributing to improved performance and stability. As the global automotive industry shifts towards electrification, the need for efficient and high-capacity batteries has intensified, resulting in increased consumption of propylene carbonate. Moreover, the development of advanced battery technologies, coupled with government initiatives promoting electric vehicles, is expected to further boost the growth of this application segment in the coming years.

Personal Care Products:

Propylene carbonate is widely utilized in the personal care industry, primarily as a solvent and humectant in various formulations. Its ability to dissolve both hydrophilic and lipophilic substances makes it a valuable ingredient in cosmetics and skincare products. With the growing trend of clean and sustainable beauty, manufacturers are increasingly incorporating propylene carbonate into their products to meet consumer demands for safe and eco-friendly ingredients. The expansion of the personal care market, driven by rising disposable incomes and changing consumer preferences, is anticipated to significantly boost the demand for propylene carbonate in this application segment.

Pharmaceuticals:

In the pharmaceutical sector, propylene carbonate is used as a solvent and excipient in drug formulations. Its non-toxic nature and compatibility with various active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) make it a preferred choice for formulators. The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and the growing need for innovative drug delivery systems are driving the demand for propylene carbonate in pharmaceuticals. Moreover, the focus on developing advanced therapies and biopharmaceuticals is expected to further enhance its utilization in this sector. As pharmaceutical companies seek to optimize their formulations for better efficacy and patient compliance, the demand for propylene carbonate is likely to rise substantially.

Others:

Aside from the primary application sectors, propylene carbonate also finds use in various other industries, including electronics and agriculture. In electronics, it is utilized as a solvent in the cleaning and formulation of electronic components. Its ability to dissolve residues without leaving harmful traces makes it an ideal choice for manufacturers. In agriculture, it may be used as an ingredient in certain formulations. The diversification of application areas further supports the growth of the propylene carbonate market, providing opportunities for manufacturers to explore new market horizons and meet evolving industry needs.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales represent a significant distribution channel for propylene carbonate, particularly for large-scale industrial buyers and manufacturers. Companies often opt for direct procurement to ensure better pricing, reliability, and supply chain efficiency. Direct sales facilitate closer relationships between suppliers and consumers, allowing for customized solutions that cater to specific requirements. This channel is particularly favored in sectors such as pharmaceuticals and paints, where bulk purchases are common. As industries increasingly seek to streamline their supply chains and enhance operational efficiency, direct sales are expected to remain a key contributor to the market.

Distributor Sales:

Distributor sales play a crucial role in the propylene carbonate market, enabling manufacturers to reach a broader customer base across various regions. Distributors often have established networks and market knowledge that allow them to effectively promote and sell propylene carbonate to diverse industries. This channel is especially beneficial for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that may not have the resources to manage direct sales. As the demand for propylene carbonate continues to grow, the network of distributors is likely to expand, ensuring a steady supply to end-users and contributing to overall market growth.

Online Retail:

The rise of e-commerce has also impacted the distribution of propylene carbonate, with online retail emerging as an increasingly popular channel. Online platforms offer convenience and accessibility, allowing customers to easily compare products, prices, and suppliers. This channel is particularly appealing to smaller buyers and those in niche markets who may find it challenging to source propylene carbonate through traditional means. As more industries embrace digital transformation, the online retail segment is expected to grow, providing opportunities for suppliers to reach new customers and enhance their market presence.

By Ingredient Type

Industrial Grade PC:

Industrial grade propylene carbonate is primarily used in manufacturing processes across various sectors, including chemicals, plastics, and coatings. Its properties make it an effective solvent and carrier in industrial applications, contributing to improved product quality and performance. The increasing demand for high-quality industrial applications is driving the consumption of industrial grade PC, particularly in regions with robust manufacturing sectors. Furthermore, the focus on optimizing production processes and reducing environmental impact is expected to bolster its market share, as manufacturers seek versatile and efficient materials.

Pharmaceutical Grade PC:

Pharmaceutical grade propylene carbonate is utilized as a solvent and excipient in drug formulations, requiring stringent quality and safety standards. Its non-toxic nature and compatibility with various active ingredients make it a critical ingredient for pharmaceutical manufacturers. The growing global emphasis on healthcare and the rising prevalence of chronic diseases are driving the demand for pharmaceutical grade PC. As drug development continues to evolve, the need for high-quality excipients is projected to increase, further enhancing the market for pharmaceutical grade propylene carbonate.

Cosmetic Grade PC:

Cosmetic grade propylene carbonate is increasingly becoming a favored ingredient in the beauty and personal care market due to its solvent and moisturizing properties. It is widely used in formulations for skincare, makeup, and hair care products. With the rising consumer demand for clean and safe products, many cosmetic manufacturers are incorporating cosmetic grade PC into their formulations to appeal to health-conscious consumers. As the personal care industry continues to grow, the demand for cosmetic grade propylene carbonate is expected to rise, supporting market expansion.

Battery Grade PC:

Battery grade propylene carbonate is specifically formulated for use in lithium-ion battery applications, serving as a vital component in electrolyte formulations. The booming electric vehicle market is driving the demand for battery-grade PC, as manufacturers seek to enhance the performance and stability of their batteries. With the increasing shift towards renewable energy sources and the need for efficient energy storage solutions, the demand for battery-grade propylene carbonate is anticipated to grow significantly. Moreover, innovations in battery technology and the push for higher energy density batteries will further support its market growth.

Others:

Other ingredient types of propylene carbonate cater to various niche applications, serving specific industry needs. These may include specialized formulations for electronics cleaning, agricultural products, or other unique chemical processes. The diversification of ingredient types allows manufacturers to explore new markets and respond to evolving industry requirements. As industries continue to innovate and develop new applications for propylene carbonate, the growth potential for these other ingredient types is likely to expand, providing opportunities for market players to enhance their product offerings.

By Region

The North American propylene carbonate market is anticipated to hold a substantial share, driven by the robust demand from the automotive and pharmaceutical sectors. The region is witnessing a surge in electric vehicle production and the related adoption of lithium batteries, which are key drivers for propylene carbonate consumption. The market in North America is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.2% during the forecast period, supported by continuous technological advancements and increasing investments in sustainable chemicals. Additionally, the presence of major chemical manufacturers enhances the region's market position, as they strive to meet the growing demand for high-purity propylene carbonate.

In Europe, the market for propylene carbonate is also expected to grow steadily, buoyed by the increasing emphasis on environmental sustainability and the implementation of stringent regulations on VOC emissions. The paints and coatings industry is a significant contributor to market growth, as manufacturers shift towards eco-friendly formulations. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical sector's reliance on high-quality excipients and solvents is driving demand. The European market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.5%, as the region continues to prioritize sustainable practices and innovation across various industries. The presence of established players and increasing investment in R&D further supports the market growth in this region.

Opportunities

The propylene carbonate market is poised for significant growth opportunities, particularly due to the increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly solvents across various industries. As regulatory frameworks become more stringent regarding the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), there is a push towards adopting safer alternatives such as propylene carbonate in applications like paints, coatings, and adhesives. Additionally, the growing electric vehicle market presents a lucrative opportunity for manufacturers, as the need for high-performance lithium batteries continues to rise. Companies that can innovate and offer tailored solutions to meet evolving industry standards will likely gain a competitive edge.

Moreover, the expansion of the personal care and cosmetics industry represents another key opportunity for propylene carbonate. With consumers increasingly favoring clean and natural ingredients, manufacturers are under pressure to formulate products that meet these expectations. Propylene carbonate's versatility as a solvent and humectant makes it an attractive addition to a variety of cosmetic formulations. As brands strive to differentiate themselves in a crowded market, leveraging propylene carbonate's unique properties could lead to the development of innovative products that resonate with consumers and drive market growth.

Threats

The propylene carbonate market is not without its challenges, as fluctuations in raw material prices and supply chain disruptions can pose significant threats to market stability. As propylene carbonate is derived from petroleum, changes in crude oil prices can impact production costs, which may lead to inconsistencies in pricing for end-users. Additionally, geopolitical tensions and trade restrictions in key producing regions can hinder the availability of raw materials, creating supply chain vulnerabilities. Manufacturers must be proactive in mitigating these risks by diversifying their supply sources and employing strategic sourcing practices to maintain competitiveness in the marketplace.

Another potential threat to the market is the increasing competition from alternative solvents and chemicals that may offer similar properties at a lower cost. As industries continue to evolve and seek cost-effective solutions, the emergence of substitutes could negatively affect the demand for propylene carbonate. This is particularly relevant in sectors where price sensitivity is a critical factor, such as paints and coatings. To counteract this threat, companies must focus on highlighting the unique benefits and superior performance of propylene carbonate, ensuring that it remains a preferred choice for manufacturers seeking reliable and environmentally friendly solutions.

Competitor Outlook

• Huanxin Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Shandong Jinling Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Huntsman Corporation
• BASF SE
• Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co., Ltd.
• Oxea GmbH
• Derivan Pty Ltd.
• Sky Dragon Group
• U.S. Chemical & Plastics
• Fengchen Group Co., Ltd.
• Archer Daniels Midland Company
• Yancheng Hongtai Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Eastman Chemical Company
• Yara International ASA
• Wuxi Dibo Chemical Co., Ltd.

The competitive landscape of the propylene carbonate market is characterized by the presence of numerous players, ranging from large multinational corporations to smaller regional manufacturers. Major companies are focusing on product innovations, expansions, and strategic collaborations to enhance their market presence. Investments in research and development are crucial for these companies as they aim to introduce high-quality propylene carbonate products that meet the evolving needs of various industries. Additionally, sustainability initiatives are becoming increasingly important, with manufacturers exploring ways to minimize their environmental impact and develop biodegradable alternatives to traditional solvents.

Huntsman Corporation, a leading player in the propylene carbonate market, has made significant strides in expanding its product portfolio and enhancing its production capabilities. The company has actively pursued sustainability initiatives, aligning its operations with global environmental standards. Their focus on innovation and commitment to delivering high-performance solutions has positioned them well in a competitive market. Similarly, BASF SE is another key player that prioritizes research and development, investing heavily in sustainable chemicals and eco-friendly products. Their diversified portfolio allows them to cater to various industries, thereby strengthening their market position.

Additionally, Eastman Chemical Company has established a strong reputation in the propylene carbonate market, leveraging its extensive experience and technological capabilities to produce high-quality products. The company is committed to meeting customer demands through tailored solutions and continuous improvement in production processes. As competition intensifies, Eastman Chemical Company is well-positioned to capitalize on emerging trends, particularly in sustainable applications. The dynamic nature of the propylene carbonate market necessitates that companies remain agile and responsive to industry changes, enabling them to seize growth opportunities and navigate challenges effectively.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 BASF SE
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Oxea GmbH
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Derivan Pty Ltd.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Sky Dragon Group
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Huntsman Corporation
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Yara International ASA
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Eastman Chemical Company
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Fengchen Group Co., Ltd.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 U.S. Chemical & Plastics
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Huanxin Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Wuxi Dibo Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Archer Daniels Midland Company
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Shandong Jinling Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Yancheng Hongtai Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co., Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Paints & Coatings
    • 6.1.2 Lithium Batteries
    • 6.1.3 Personal Care Products
    • 6.1.4 Pharmaceuticals
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 PC Grade A
    • 6.2.2 PC Grade B
    • 6.2.3 PC Grade C
    • 6.2.4 PC Grade D
    • 6.2.5 PC Grade E
  • 6.3 Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Industrial Grade PC
    • 6.3.2 Pharmaceutical Grade PC
    • 6.3.3 Cosmetic Grade PC
    • 6.3.4 Battery Grade PC
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributor Sales
    • 6.4.3 Online Retail

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Propylene Carbonate PC CAS 108 32 7 Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• PC Grade A
• PC Grade B
• PC Grade C
• PC Grade D
• PC Grade E

By Application

• Paints & Coatings
• Lithium Batteries
• Personal Care Products
• Pharmaceuticals
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributor Sales
• Online Retail

By Ingredient Type

• Industrial Grade PC
• Pharmaceutical Grade PC
• Cosmetic Grade PC
• Battery Grade PC
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Huanxin Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Shandong Jinling Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Huntsman Corporation
• BASF SE
• Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co., Ltd.
• Oxea GmbH
• Derivan Pty Ltd.
• Sky Dragon Group
• U.S. Chemical & Plastics
• Fengchen Group Co., Ltd.
• Archer Daniels Midland Company
• Yancheng Hongtai Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Eastman Chemical Company
• Yara International ASA
• Wuxi Dibo Chemical Co., Ltd.