Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers

Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers Market Outlook

The global market for poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers is projected to reach approximately USD 1.4 billion by the year 2035, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.8% from 2025 to 2035. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing demand for poultry products due to population growth and rising consumer preferences for protein-rich diets. Factors contributing to this growth include advancements in agricultural technologies that enhance productivity and efficiency in poultry farming, coupled with an increased awareness of animal welfare standards. The rising trend of urban gardening and backyard poultry farming also plays a critical role in bolstering market demand. Moreover, innovations in product design, such as smart feeders and automatic waterers, are making poultry farming more accessible and efficient, further fueling market growth.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the main growth factors in the poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers market is the rapid expansion of the poultry industry, driven by both commercial farming operations and small-scale backyard farming. The increasing global population is leading to a greater demand for poultry products, which in turn necessitates efficient and effective farming equipment. Additionally, with the rise of sustainable farming practices, there has been a shift toward more modern equipment that not only promotes better growth conditions for poultry but also minimizes labor costs and resource wastage. Furthermore, advancements in technology have paved the way for automation in poultry farming; automatic feeders and waterers ensure constant access to food and water, promoting healthier birds and higher yields. The trend of incorporating smart technology into poultry farming equipment is also fostering growth, as these innovations offer real-time monitoring and management capabilities, enhancing farm operations. Finally, the increasing investment in research and development by manufacturers to create more durable and efficient products is expected to further drive market growth.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The market is expected to reach USD 1.4 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2025.
• Rising demand for poultry products due to population growth and dietary shifts is a significant driver.
• Advancements in technology, particularly in automation and smart equipment, are transforming poultry farming.
• Urban gardening and backyard poultry farming trends are increasing the adoption of brooders and feeders.
• Investment in R&D by leading manufacturers is fostering innovation in product design and functionality.

By Product Type

Electric Poultry Brooders:

Electric poultry brooders are gaining popularity due to their efficiency and ease of use. These brooders provide a stable heating environment that is crucial for the early development of chicks. The capability of electric brooders to maintain consistent temperatures minimizes the mortality rate among chicks and promotes healthy growth. Moreover, electric brooders are designed with energy efficiency in mind, which not only reduces operational costs but also supports sustainable farming practices. The integration of technology has led to the development of electric brooders equipped with temperature and humidity controls, allowing farmers to create optimal conditions for poultry. As the poultry industry continues to evolve, the demand for electric brooders is expected to rise significantly, making them a key segment in the market.

Gas Poultry Brooders:

Gas poultry brooders are another critical segment of the poultry brooders market, especially in regions where electricity supply is inconsistent or where farmers prefer alternative heating solutions. These brooders use propane or natural gas as a fuel source, providing efficient heating for large batches of chicks in a more cost-effective manner. Gas brooders are favored for their ability to generate higher temperatures quickly and maintain those temperatures even in colder climates. The mobility of gas brooders also allows farmers to reposition them easily within the poultry house, helping optimize space utilization. Furthermore, as the poultry market grows in regions with limited electrical infrastructure, the demand for gas brooders is likely to increase, making them a significant player in the industry.

Manual Poultry Feeders:

Manual poultry feeders have been a traditional staple in the poultry market, particularly among small-scale and backyard poultry farmers. These feeders are often simple in design and are made from durable materials, providing an affordable solution for feeding poultry. While manual feeding requires more labor compared to automated systems, many farmers appreciate the control it offers over feeding practices, allowing them to customize the amount and type of feed given to their birds. Additionally, manual feeders are highly versatile and can be easily adapted for various scales of poultry operations. As an increasing number of individuals engage in backyard poultry farming, the demand for manual feeders is anticipated to remain steady, catering to a niche market that prioritizes hands-on management.

Automatic Poultry Feeders:

Automatic poultry feeders represent a significant advancement in feeding technology, designed to streamline the feeding process for poultry farmers. These feeders are equipped with mechanisms that dispense feed at scheduled intervals, ensuring that birds have continuous access to nutrition without the need for constant human supervision. This automation reduces labor intensity and helps prevent over or underfeeding, which can adversely affect growth rates and overall flock health. Additionally, automatic feeders are often designed to minimize feed wastage, further enhancing their appeal among commercial poultry operations. The increasing trend towards automation in agriculture suggests that the market for automatic poultry feeders will continue to grow, driven by the need for efficiency and productivity in poultry farming.

Manual Poultry Waterers:

Manual poultry waterers are crucial for ensuring that poultry birds have consistent access to clean drinking water, particularly in small-scale farming operations. These waterers are typically easy to use and maintain, allowing farmers to refill them as needed to ensure the health and well-being of their flocks. While they may not offer the convenience of automated systems, manual waterers are often preferred by backyard farmers who appreciate the simplicity and lower cost associated with their use. The demand for manual waterers remains significant, especially in regions where access to advanced technology is limited or where farmers prioritize traditional farming methods.

Automatic Poultry Waterers:

Automatic poultry waterers are increasingly popular among large-scale poultry operations due to their ability to deliver constant access to fresh water while minimizing labor requirements. These waterers are designed to refill automatically as birds drink, ensuring that flocks have access to water at all times, which is vital for their growth and health. The convenience of automatic waterers also helps prevent water wastage, as they are often designed to reduce spillage and maintain cleanliness. As the poultry industry continues to grow, the adoption of automatic waterers is expected to rise, particularly among commercial poultry farms looking to enhance their operational efficiency.

By Application

Hatcheries:

Hatcheries play a pivotal role in the poultry industry as the initial environment where eggs are incubated and chicks are hatched. The equipment used in hatcheries, including brooders, feeders, and waterers, is essential for creating optimal conditions for embryo development. The growing demand for poultry meat and eggs has led to an increase in hatchery operations, which in turn drives the demand for specialized equipment tailored for hatchery needs. Hatcheries often require precise temperature and humidity control, leading to the integration of advanced technologies in brooders that enhance efficiency and success rates in hatching. As hatcheries expand to meet market demands, the need for high-quality equipment becomes increasingly critical, providing opportunities for growth in this segment.

Farms:

Poultry farms are the backbone of the poultry industry, where birds are raised for meat and eggs. The equipment used in these farms, including brooders, feeders, and waterers, is crucial for managing the health and productivity of livestock. Farmers are increasingly investing in modern equipment that allows for automation and better management practices, ultimately enhancing yield and profitability. The rising consumer demand for organically raised and free-range poultry products is further pushing farmers to adopt more humane and efficient farming practices, necessitating advanced feeding and watering systems. As the global poultry farming landscape continues to evolve towards larger operations and increased production efficiency, the demand for specialized equipment tailored to farm needs is expected to grow.

Backyard:

Backyard poultry farming has witnessed a significant rise in popularity, particularly among urban dwellers seeking to produce their own food sustainably. This segment demands a range of equipment that caters to smaller-scale operations, including brooders, feeders, and waterers that are easy to use and maintain. Backyard farmers often prefer manual equipment due to its lower cost and simplicity, although there is also a growing interest in automated solutions that can help streamline daily tasks. The trend of self-sufficiency and organic living continues to encourage individuals to engage in backyard poultry farming, boosting the demand for various poultry equipment tailored for this market. As more people adopt this lifestyle, the importance of reliable and efficient equipment in backyard operations will only continue to rise.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

Online stores have become an increasingly important distribution channel for poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers, providing farmers with the convenience of purchasing equipment from the comfort of their homes. The growth of e-commerce platforms has made it easier for consumers to access a wide variety of products, often at competitive prices. Online shopping allows farmers to compare products and read reviews, enabling them to make informed purchasing decisions. The rise of digital payment methods and efficient delivery services has further enhanced the online shopping experience. As more consumers become comfortable with online purchases, the demand for poultry equipment through this channel is expected to rise significantly, reflecting broader trends in consumer behavior.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores that focus on agricultural equipment and supplies are a vital distribution channel for poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers. These stores often provide expert advice and a curated selection of equipment tailored to the specific needs of poultry farmers, making them a valuable resource for both seasoned farmers and newcomers. Specialty stores offer the advantage of providing hands-on demonstrations and the opportunity for customers to examine products before purchasing. Additionally, many specialty retailers have established relationships with manufacturers, allowing them to offer exclusive products that may not be available through other channels. This personalized service and expertise are key factors driving the demand for poultry equipment through specialty stores.

Agricultural Supply Stores:

Agricultural supply stores serve as a crucial distribution point for poultry equipment, catering to a wide range of farming needs. These stores typically carry a comprehensive selection of products, including not only poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers but also other farming supplies. This one-stop-shop convenience appeals to farmers looking to streamline their purchasing process. Moreover, agricultural supply stores often provide seasonal promotions and bulk purchasing options, which can attract cost-conscious farmers. The strong presence of agricultural supply stores in rural areas ensures easy access to essential poultry equipment, supporting consistent growth in this distribution channel.

Direct Sales:

Direct sales play a significant role in the poultry equipment market, allowing manufacturers to sell their products straight to end-users. This distribution channel offers several advantages, including lower prices by eliminating intermediaries and the ability for manufacturers to build direct relationships with their customers. Direct sales often involve personalized service, with sales representatives providing tailored advice and assistance based on the specific needs of farmers. This direct interaction can foster brand loyalty and customer satisfaction, leading to repeat purchases and long-term relationships. As manufacturers continue to recognize the importance of direct engagement with customers, the direct sales channel is likely to remain a strong competitor in the poultry equipment market.

By Material Type

Plastic:

Plastic is a widely used material in the manufacturing of poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers due to its lightweight, durability, and resistance to corrosion. Plastic equipment is generally easier to clean and maintain, which is crucial for ensuring the health of poultry. Additionally, plastic products are often designed in various colors and shapes to attract birds, promoting better feeding behavior. The affordability and versatility of plastic make it an appealing choice for small-scale and backyard farmers. As concerns surrounding sustainability grow, manufacturers are also exploring biodegradable and recycled plastic options, making this material type increasingly attractive in the poultry industry.

Metal:

Metal is another prominent material used in the production of poultry equipment, particularly due to its strength and longevity. Metal brooders, feeders, and waterers are often favored for their robustness, making them suitable for larger commercial operations where durability is paramount. These products can withstand the wear and tear associated with outdoor use and provide a secure environment for poultry. Furthermore, metal equipment often features advanced designs that prevent feed wastage and enhance overall feeding efficiency. While metal products may come at a higher initial cost compared to plastic options, their durability and performance often justify the investment, particularly for larger farming operations.

Wood:

Wooden poultry equipment holds a unique position in the market, appealing primarily to niche segments such as organic and backyard farmers. Wooden brooders, feeders, and waterers are often preferred for their aesthetic appeal and natural insulation properties. The use of wood aligns with eco-friendly farming practices, as it is a renewable resource when sourced sustainably. Additionally, wooden products can be customized to fit specific needs and preferences, allowing for creative designs that enhance functionality. Although wooden equipment may require more maintenance compared to plastic or metal, its appeal to environmentally-conscious consumers ensures its continued relevance in the poultry equipment market.

Others:

This segment encompasses various alternative materials used in the production of poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers. These materials may include composites or innovative engineering materials that offer specific advantages, such as lightweight design, enhanced thermal insulation, or unique aesthetic qualities. The use of alternative materials is generally driven by the need for improved product performance and sustainability. As the poultry industry continues to evolve and demand innovative solutions, manufacturers are increasingly exploring the use of diverse materials that cater to both functional and environmental aspects, ensuring a broader range of options for poultry farmers.

By Region

The poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers market is experiencing significant growth across various regions, particularly in North America and Asia Pacific. North America maintains a substantial share of the market, with the U.S. being a significant contributor due to its advanced poultry farming practices and high consumption rates of poultry products. The region is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of around 5.5% over the forecast period, driven by technological advancements in farming equipment and an increasing emphasis on animal welfare practices. The integration of automation and smart technologies is expected to play a crucial role in enhancing productivity, further propelling the market in this region.

In Asia Pacific, the poultry equipment market is poised for remarkable growth, with countries like China and India leading the way. This region is projected to experience the highest CAGR of approximately 6.2% during the forecast period. Factors contributing to this growth include rapid urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and a growing middle-class population that is demanding more poultry products. The shift toward modern farming practices and increased investment in poultry infrastructure are also expected to drive the market further. As more farmers recognize the benefits of using advanced equipment for poultry production, the demand for brooders, feeders, and waterers is likely to surge across Asia Pacific.

Opportunities

One of the most promising opportunities in the poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers market lies in the growing trend of sustainable and organic poultry farming. As consumers become more health-conscious and environmentally aware, there is a rising demand for organically raised poultry products. This shift presents a unique opportunity for manufacturers to develop equipment that caters specifically to organic farming practices, such as products made from sustainable materials or those designed to meet animal welfare standards. Additionally, the trend toward urban gardening and self-sufficiency is encouraging urban dwellers to raise poultry in backyards, creating a new customer base for poultry equipment. Companies that can effectively tap into this emerging market by offering tailored solutions will likely experience significant growth.

Another opportunity for growth exists in the integration of technology with poultry farming equipment. The adoption of smart technologies, such as IoT devices, can revolutionize the way farmers manage their poultry operations. For instance, smart feeders and waterers equipped with sensors can monitor feed levels and water availability, sending alerts to farmers when supplies are low. This automation not only enhances operational efficiency but also supports better animal welfare by ensuring that birds have constant access to food and water. As technology continues to advance, there is immense potential for innovation in the poultry equipment market, and businesses that invest in research and development will be well-positioned to capitalize on these opportunities.

Threats

The poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers market faces several threats, one of which is the fluctuating prices of raw materials. As manufacturers rely on various materials, including plastic, metal, and wood, any significant changes in the costs of these inputs can impact profit margins and product pricing. Economic instability, trade tensions, and supply chain disruptions can lead to unpredictable price increases, making it challenging for manufacturers to maintain competitive pricing while ensuring quality. Additionally, the market is becoming increasingly competitive, with numerous players vying for market share, which can further pressure prices and profitability. To navigate this challenge, companies will need to adopt strategies that enhance operational efficiency and cost management.

Another significant threat to the market is the potential for regulatory changes that impact poultry farming practices. Increased scrutiny on animal welfare and environmental sustainability may impose stricter regulations on poultry equipment manufacturing and usage. Compliance with these regulations can lead to increased operational costs for manufacturers and could restrict the types of materials and designs that can be utilized. Furthermore, any negative publicity surrounding poultry farming practices, such as concerns about biosecurity or disease outbreaks, can diminish consumer confidence and adversely affect demand for poultry products. Companies must stay informed about evolving regulations and consumer concerns to mitigate these risks effectively.

Competitor Outlook

• Big Dutchman
• Petersime
• Chore-Time
• Ziggity Systems, Inc.
• Valco Melton
• Agri-Solutions
• FarmTek
• Roxell
• Little Giant
• Meyer Manufacturing
• Plasson
• Novus International
• Agricultural Solutions
• Aviagen
• Hubbard Feeds

The competitive landscape of the poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging startups. Major companies such as Big Dutchman and Petersime have a stronghold in the market due to their extensive product offerings and innovative solutions tailored for poultry farmers. These companies have invested heavily in research and development to stay ahead of the curve, focusing on creating equipment that enhances efficiency and aligns with the latest trends in poultry farming. Additionally, their global presence allows them to cater to diverse markets, adapting their products to meet regional demands and regulatory requirements.

Smaller companies and startups are also entering the market with unique product offerings that cater to specific niches within the poultry industry. For instance, companies like Ziggity Systems and Valco Melton are focusing on automation and technological advancements to streamline feeding and watering processes. These innovations not only aim to improve efficiency but also prioritize animal welfare and sustainability, appealing to the growing segment of eco-conscious consumers. The emergence of these players indicates a dynamic market environment where innovation and customer-centric solutions are critical for success.

In addition to product innovation, strategic partnerships and collaborations are becoming increasingly important for companies looking to expand their market reach. For example, companies may collaborate with technology firms to integrate IoT capabilities into their equipment, enhancing functionality and user experience. Furthermore, partnerships with agricultural supply chains can help companies improve their distribution channels and access wider customer bases. As the poultry brooders, feeders, and waterers market continues to grow, the ability to leverage collaborations and partnerships will be a key differentiator for success.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Roxell
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Aviagen
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 FarmTek
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Plasson
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Petersime
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Chore-Time
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Big Dutchman
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Little Giant
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Valco Melton
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Hubbard Feeds
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Agri-Solutions
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Meyer Manufacturing
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Novus International
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Ziggity Systems, Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Agricultural Solutions
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Hatcheries
    • 6.1.2 Farms
    • 6.1.3 Backyard
  • 6.2 Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Electric Poultry Brooders
    • 6.2.2 Gas Poultry Brooders
    • 6.2.3 Manual Poultry Brooders
    • 6.2.4 Automatic Poultry Feeders
    • 6.2.5 Manual Poultry Feeders
    • 6.2.6 Automatic Poultry Waterers
    • 6.2.7 Manual Poultry Waterers
  • 6.3 Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers Market, By Material Type
    • 6.3.1 Plastic
    • 6.3.2 Metal
    • 6.3.3 Wood
    • 6.3.4 Others
  • 6.4 Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Stores
    • 6.4.2 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.3 Agricultural Supply Stores
    • 6.4.4 Direct Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Poultry Brooders, Feeders, and Waterers market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Electric Poultry Brooders
• Gas Poultry Brooders
• Manual Poultry Brooders
• Automatic Poultry Feeders
• Manual Poultry Feeders
• Automatic Poultry Waterers
• Manual Poultry Waterers

By Application

• Hatcheries
• Farms
• Backyard

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Specialty Stores
• Agricultural Supply Stores
• Direct Sales

By Material Type

• Plastic
• Metal
• Wood
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Big Dutchman
• Petersime
• Chore-Time
• Ziggity Systems, Inc.
• Valco Melton
• Agri-Solutions
• FarmTek
• Roxell
• Little Giant
• Meyer Manufacturing
• Plasson
• Novus International
• Agricultural Solutions
• Aviagen
• Hubbard Feeds