Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales

Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales Market Outlook

The global polyacrylic acid (PAA) market is projected to reach USD 3.02 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of 5.8% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing demand for PAA across various industries, including water treatment, personal care, and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, the growing awareness regarding environmental sustainability has led to an increased usage of biodegradable and eco-friendly products, which has further fueled the demand for polyacrylic acid. Furthermore, advancements in manufacturing processes and the development of innovative applications are also expected to contribute significantly to the market growth. The continuous expansion of the agriculture sector, particularly in developing economies, is also a critical factor that is anticipated to drive the PAA market upward.

Growth Factor of the Market

The polyacrylic acid market is witnessing robust growth due to several key factors. First, the rising demand for water treatment solutions is pushing the need for polyacrylic acid as a flocculant and dispersant. Second, the personal care industry is leveraging PAA for its thickening and stabilizing properties in various cosmetic products, further enhancing its application scope. Third, the pharmaceutical sector is increasingly utilizing polyacrylic acid in drug delivery systems, propelling its market demand. Additionally, the agricultural sector is embracing PAA for soil conditioning and water retention applications, which is expected to create new growth opportunities. Lastly, the trend towards sustainable practices is encouraging manufacturers to explore eco-friendly alternatives, positioning polyacrylic acid as a favorable option.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global market for polyacrylic acid is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2025 to 2035.
• North America holds a significant share of the market due to strong demand from water treatment and personal care applications.
• The solid PAA segment is expected to dominate the product type category due to its versatile applications.
• Increased adoption of PAA in agriculture and pharmaceuticals is anticipated to drive market growth further.
• Online retail is emerging as a vital distribution channel, providing wider accessibility and convenience for consumers.

By Product Type

Solid PAA:

Solid polyacrylic acid (PAA) is anticipated to dominate the product type segment due to its versatile applications across various industries. Its unique properties, such as high molecular weight, water-solubility, and excellent thickening capability, make it highly sought after in formulations for personal care products and industrial applications. Solid PAA is often used as a binder in coatings, adhesives, and sealants, as well as a dispersant and thickener in water treatment processes. Additionally, the solid form is easier to handle and store, leading to a broader market acceptance. The growing trend of using solid PAA in agriculture for soil conditioning and water retention further enhances its demand, making it a critical component in enhancing crop yield.

Liquid PAA:

Liquid polyacrylic acid is gaining traction in the market, primarily due to its ease of use and versatility in various applications. It is widely utilized in the formulation of personal care products, as it acts as an excellent thickener and stabilizer, enhancing the texture and performance of lotions, gels, and other cosmetic formulations. In the water treatment sector, liquid PAA is employed as a flocculant and dispersing agent, providing effective solutions for sedimentation and clarification processes. The ability of liquid PAA to be easily integrated into formulations without requiring extensive processing makes it an attractive option for manufacturers, thereby contributing to its growing market share.

Powder PAA:

Powder polyacrylic acid is increasingly being used in various industrial applications due to its beneficial properties. The powder form allows for easy handling and storage, making it a favorable choice for manufacturers. Powder PAA is predominantly used in detergents and cleaning products, where it serves as a dispersing agent, enhancing cleaning efficiency. Additionally, it is also employed in the pharmaceutical industry for drug delivery systems, where its binding properties are leveraged. The rise in demand for powder PAA in agricultural applications, particularly as a water-retaining agent, is also anticipated to drive its market growth, presenting numerous opportunities for market players.

Emulsion PAA:

Emulsion polyacrylic acid is noteworthy for its use in various applications due to its unique formulation advantages. The emulsion form allows for easy incorporation into various formulations, making it popular in the cosmetics and personal care industry as a stabilizing agent. Additionally, emulsion PAA is utilized in adhesive formulations, where it enhances adhesion properties and improves the overall performance of the product. The increasing demand for multifunctional ingredients in personal care products is expected to bolster the growth of the emulsion PAA segment, reflecting the growing trend towards innovative formulations in the cosmetic sector.

Solution PAA:

Solution polyacrylic acid is characterized by its aqueous formulation, making it suitable for a wide array of applications. In the water treatment industry, solution PAA is used effectively to enhance the flocculation and sedimentation processes, thus improving water clarity and quality. Its use in personal care products is also notable, where it serves as a thickening agent in formulations such as shampoos and conditioners. The adaptability of solution PAA to various pH levels further contributes to its growing acceptance across multiple sectors, positioning it as a vital component in numerous industrial applications.

By Application

Water Treatment:

The water treatment application of polyacrylic acid is one of the most significant segments driving market growth. PAA is extensively used as a flocculant and dispersant in various water treatment processes, helping to remove suspended solids and improve water clarity. The growing concern regarding water pollution and the need for efficient wastewater treatment solutions are fueling the demand for polyacrylic acid in this sector. Additionally, stringent regulations regarding water quality are further propelling the adoption of PAA in municipal and industrial water treatment plants, ensuring its critical role in maintaining environmental standards.

Personal Care:

In the personal care industry, polyacrylic acid is increasingly being utilized for its thickening, stabilizing, and film-forming properties. PAA plays a crucial role in formulating a wide array of cosmetic products, including lotions, creams, gels, and shampoos, enhancing their texture and overall performance. The rising consumer demand for high-quality personal care products, coupled with the growing trend towards multifunctional ingredients, is driving the expansion of the PAA market within this sector. Furthermore, the increasing emphasis on natural and eco-friendly formulations is encouraging brands to adopt polyacrylic acid as a key ingredient in their products.

Detergents:

The detergents application segment is a major contributor to the growth of the polyacrylic acid market. PAA is utilized as a dispersant and anti-soiling agent in laundry detergents and household cleaning products, improving cleaning efficiency and performance. As consumer preferences shift towards more effective and environmentally friendly cleaning solutions, the demand for polyacrylic acid in this application is expected to rise significantly. The increasing awareness of hygiene and cleanliness, especially in the wake of the global pandemic, is further propelling the growth of the PAA market in the detergents segment, presenting numerous opportunities for manufacturers to innovate and expand their product offerings.

Pharmaceuticals:

Polyacrylic acid is gaining ground in the pharmaceutical sector, where it serves as a vital component in drug formulation. Its unique properties, including biocompatibility and the ability to control drug release rates, make it an attractive option for developing various drug delivery systems. The growing focus on personalized medicine and the demand for innovative drug formulations are driving the adoption of polyacrylic acid in this industry. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases that require advanced therapeutic solutions is anticipated to bolster the growth of the PAA market within the pharmaceutical segment, opening new avenues for research and development.

Agriculture:

In the agricultural sector, polyacrylic acid is utilized for its water-retention capabilities and soil conditioning properties. PAA helps improve soil quality by enhancing water retention, reducing erosion, and promoting nutrient absorption, which is vital for increasing crop yield. The rising concerns about water scarcity and the need for sustainable farming practices are encouraging farmers and agricultural producers to incorporate polyacrylic acid into their cultivation processes. The growing trend towards precision agriculture and the adoption of innovative technologies in farming are expected to further propel the demand for polyacrylic acid in this sector, solidifying its role as a key ingredient for sustainable agricultural practices.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

The direct sales channel remains a prominent distribution method for polyacrylic acid products, catering to consumers and industries seeking bulk purchases. Manufacturers typically engage in direct sales to establish long-term relationships with clients while ensuring that they receive tailored solutions for their specific needs. This channel allows manufacturers to maintain better control over pricing, quality, and product availability, thus fostering customer loyalty. Direct sales also facilitate effective communication between manufacturers and clients, enabling them to respond quickly to market demands and provide personalized services, which is critical in industries that require continuous supply and immediate response to changes in demand.

Distributors:

Distributors play a critical role in the polyacrylic acid market by facilitating the efficient flow of products from manufacturers to end-users. They serve as intermediaries that help expand the market reach of polyacrylic acid products, particularly in regions where manufacturers may have limited direct access. Distributors often possess extensive networks and market knowledge, enabling them to effectively promote and distribute products across various sectors such as water treatment, personal care, and pharmaceuticals. By leveraging their established relationships with various stakeholders, distributors can help manufacturers penetrate new markets and enhance product visibility, thus driving sales growth.

Online Retail:

The online retail channel is rapidly gaining momentum as a viable distribution method for polyacrylic acid products, driven by the increasing digitization of commerce. Consumers and businesses alike are turning to online platforms for their procurement needs due to the convenience and accessibility they offer. Online retail provides a wider reach to potential customers, allowing manufacturers to showcase their products and reach diverse market segments. Additionally, the growing trend of e-commerce is encouraging manufacturers to establish strong online presence and optimize their digital marketing strategies to enhance visibility and drive sales. The ease of price comparison and product reviews available through online platforms also plays a significant role in influencing purchasing decisions, thereby propelling the growth of this distribution channel in the polyacrylic acid market.

By Ingredient Type

Polyacrylic Acid:

Polyacrylic acid itself is a major ingredient in various formulations across multiple industries, serving as a versatile component in a wide range of applications. Its unique properties, such as high viscosity and excellent water solubility, make it a fundamental ingredient in personal care products, water treatment solutions, and pharmaceuticals. The growing demand for high-performance polymers is driving the market for polyacrylic acid, as it serves as a critical component in formulations that require superior thickening and stabilizing capabilities. Furthermore, advancements in production technologies are enhancing the quality and performance of polyacrylic acid, further broadening its applications and market appeal.

Acrylic Acid:

Acrylic acid, a key raw material in the production of polyacrylic acid, is witnessing increased demand due to its role in various industrial applications. It is primarily used in the manufacture of superabsorbent polymers, coatings, adhesives, and textiles. The growing construction and automotive industries are contributing to the rising consumption of acrylic acid, thus indirectly boosting the demand for polyacrylic acid. Additionally, the increasing focus on developing eco-friendly and sustainable products is pushing manufacturers to explore acrylic acid-based formulations in various applications, creating new growth opportunities in the market.

Crosslinkers:

Crosslinkers are essential components in the polyacrylic acid market, as they enhance the performance and stability of polymers in various applications. They are widely used in formulations to improve the mechanical strength and durability of products, making them particularly valuable in industries such as adhesives, coatings, and sealants. The increasing demand for high-performance materials that can withstand harsh conditions is driving the growth of crosslinkers in the polyacrylic acid market. Furthermore, the trend towards developing innovative and multifunctional formulations is encouraging manufacturers to incorporate crosslinkers, thus expanding their applications and market potential.

Initiators:

Initiators are crucial in the polymerization process of polyacrylic acid, facilitating the formation of the polymer chains. The demand for high-quality initiators is growing, particularly in the production of polyacrylic acid where specific properties and performance characteristics are required. The rise in demand for customized polymer solutions across a range of applications, including personal care, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture, is driving the market for initiators. The continuous advancements in polymerization technologies are also enhancing the efficiency of initiators, thus contributing to their increased relevance and market growth in the polyacrylic acid sector.

Stabilizers:

Stabilizers play an important role in the formulation of polyacrylic acid products by ensuring product consistency, stability, and effectiveness. They are widely used in various applications, including personal care, pharmaceuticals, and detergents, where maintaining the integrity of the product is crucial. The growing consumer demand for high-quality formulations that deliver consistent performance is propelling the market for stabilizers in the polyacrylic acid sector. Furthermore, the increasing trend towards developing environmentally friendly and sustainable products is encouraging manufacturers to innovate and enhance the stabilizer formulations, thereby contributing to market growth.

By Region

The North American region holds a significant share of the polyacrylic acid market, driven by the robust demand from the water treatment and personal care sectors. The increasing awareness regarding environmental sustainability and stringent regulations related to water quality are propelling the adoption of polyacrylic acid in municipal and industrial applications. Additionally, the presence of major manufacturers and innovative product development initiatives within the region further enhance its market potential. The CAGR for the North American polyacrylic acid market is estimated to be around 5.0%, reflecting steady growth in this critical market segment as industries increasingly rely on effective and sustainable solutions.

Europe is another key region for the polyacrylic acid market, characterized by a strong focus on sustainability and eco-friendly products. The increasing demand for personal care and cosmetic products in countries like Germany, France, and the UK is driving the consumption of polyacrylic acid. The pharmaceutical sector in Europe is also witnessing growth, as manufacturers seek innovative solutions for drug delivery systems. The European market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of approximately 6.2%, driven by the increasing emphasis on quality and performance in various applications, including water treatment and agriculture. The implementation of stringent regulations regarding product safety and efficacy in the region is further expected to bolster the demand for polyacrylic acid.

Opportunities

The polyacrylic acid market presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly in emerging economies where industrialization and urbanization are driving demand across various applications. As countries continue to invest in infrastructure development, the need for effective water treatment solutions is increasing, creating substantial opportunities for polyacrylic acid manufacturers. The agriculture sector, specifically, is witnessing significant growth as farmers turn to innovative soil conditioning solutions to enhance crop yield and sustainability. Additionally, the growing trend towards eco-friendly products is encouraging manufacturers to develop new formulations that utilize polyacrylic acid as an essential ingredient, thus opening up new market segments and revenue streams.

Moreover, advancements in technology are paving the way for innovative applications of polyacrylic acid in various industries. Research and development efforts aimed at creating high-performance polymers with unique properties are expected to lead to the introduction of novel products in the market. This not only enhances the applications of polyacrylic acid but also provides manufacturers with competitive advantages in a rapidly evolving market landscape. The increasing collaboration between industry players and research institutions is further expected to accelerate the development of innovative solutions, positioning polyacrylic acid as a leading ingredient in the formulation of next-generation products across various sectors.

Threats

Despite its promising growth prospects, the polyacrylic acid market faces several threats that could impede its expansion. One of the primary challenges is the volatility of raw material prices, which can significantly affect production costs and profit margins for manufacturers. Acrylic acid, a key raw material in the production of polyacrylic acid, is subject to price fluctuations due to supply and demand dynamics in the chemical industry. Additionally, the increasing competition from alternative materials that can perform similar functions may pose a threat to the polyacrylic acid market. Manufacturers need to continuously innovate and differentiate their products to maintain market share and customer loyalty in an increasingly competitive landscape.

Furthermore, regulatory challenges and environmental concerns related to the production and disposal of polyacrylic acid and its derivatives present significant barriers to market growth. Stricter regulations regarding chemical safety and environmental impact may necessitate changes in manufacturing processes, leading to increased compliance costs for manufacturers. Additionally, growing consumer preferences for natural and biodegradable products may push manufacturers to reformulate their offerings, thereby impacting the demand for traditional polyacrylic acid products. To mitigate these threats, industry players must invest in sustainable practices and focus on developing environmentally friendly solutions that align with evolving consumer preferences and regulatory requirements.

Competitor Outlook

• BASF SE
• Dow Chemical Company
• Groupe Additives
• Arkema S.A.
• Evonik Industries AG
• SABIC
• SNF Floerger
• Huntsman Corporation
• Solvay S.A.
• Shandong Jianlan Chemical Co. Ltd.
• Yixing Yatong Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Ferro Corporation
• LG Chem
• Toagosei Co., Ltd.
• Wacker Chemie AG

The competitive landscape of the polyacrylic acid market is characterized by the presence of several key players that contribute to the industry's growth through innovation, extensive product portfolios, and strategic partnerships. Major companies operate on a global scale and are focused on expanding their reach through acquisitions, joint ventures, and new product development. Companies such as BASF SE and Dow Chemical Company are leading the market with their diverse offerings and strong research and development capabilities. These industry leaders are continuously investing in new technologies to enhance production efficiency and develop innovative applications for polyacrylic acid.

In addition to established players, numerous regional manufacturers are also emerging in the polyacrylic acid market, striving to capture market share by offering competitive pricing and tailored solutions. Companies like SNF Floerger and Arkema S.A. are expanding their product lines and entering new markets to meet the growing demand for polyacrylic acid across various applications. Moreover, the increasing focus on sustainability is driving these companies to invest in eco-friendly production processes and develop biodegradable alternatives, thus aligning with the global shift towards sustainable practices.

As competition intensifies, key players in the polyacrylic acid market are likely to adopt strategies that enhance customer engagement and foster loyalty. Collaborations with research institutions and partnerships with other industry players will play a crucial role in driving innovation and developing next-generation applications for polyacrylic acid. Additionally, companies are expected to invest in marketing and branding efforts to establish their presence in emerging markets, where the demand for polyacrylic acid is on the rise. By leveraging their strengths in production capabilities, technological advancements, and market knowledge, these companies will be well-positioned to navigate the competitive landscape and capitalize on growth opportunities in the polyacrylic acid market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 SABIC
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 BASF SE
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 LG Chem
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Arkema S.A.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Solvay S.A.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 SNF Floerger
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Groupe Additives
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Wacker Chemie AG
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Ferro Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Toagosei Co., Ltd.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Dow Chemical Company
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Evonik Industries AG
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Huntsman Corporation
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Yixing Yatong Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Shandong Jianlan Chemical Co. Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Water Treatment
    • 6.1.2 Personal Care
    • 6.1.3 Detergents
    • 6.1.4 Pharmaceuticals
    • 6.1.5 Agriculture
  • 6.2 Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Solid PAA
    • 6.2.2 Liquid PAA
    • 6.2.3 Powder PAA
    • 6.2.4 Emulsion PAA
    • 6.2.5 Solution PAA
  • 6.3 Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Polyacrylic Acid
    • 6.3.2 Acrylic Acid
    • 6.3.3 Crosslinkers
    • 6.3.4 Initiators
    • 6.3.5 Stabilizers
  • 6.4 Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributors
    • 6.4.3 Online Retail

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Polyacrylic Acid PAA Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Solid PAA
• Liquid PAA
• Powder PAA
• Emulsion PAA
• Solution PAA

By Application

• Water Treatment
• Personal Care
• Detergents
• Pharmaceuticals
• Agriculture

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Online Retail

By Ingredient Type

• Polyacrylic Acid
• Acrylic Acid
• Crosslinkers
• Initiators
• Stabilizers

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• BASF SE
• Dow Chemical Company
• Groupe Additives
• Arkema S.A.
• Evonik Industries AG
• SABIC
• SNF Floerger
• Huntsman Corporation
• Solvay S.A.
• Shandong Jianlan Chemical Co. Ltd.
• Yixing Yatong Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Ferro Corporation
• LG Chem
• Toagosei Co., Ltd.
• Wacker Chemie AG