Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine

Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine Market Outlook

The global Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market is projected to reach USD 1.2 billion by 2035, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing demand for L-Alanine in the pharmaceutical industry, owing to its role as a building block in the synthesis of various amino acids and peptides. Additionally, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases and a growing emphasis on health and wellness are propelling the demand for high-quality pharmaceutical intermediates. Furthermore, advancements in drug formulations and an uptick in research and development activities in the biomedical sector highlight the expanding applications of Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine. As the industry continues to evolve with innovations in biotechnology and pharmaceutical sciences, the market is anticipated to register substantial growth in the coming years.

Growth Factor of the Market

The growth of the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market is significantly fueled by the rising awareness regarding the benefits of amino acids, especially L-Alanine, in enhancing metabolic rates and improving energy levels. The increasing application of L-Alanine in drug formulation, particularly in the development of antibiotics, is also a pivotal driver for market expansion. Moreover, the surge in demand for dietary supplements that include amino acids for improving physical performance and recovery among athletes contributes to the market's growth. The ongoing research in the field of nutraceuticals and functional foods is anticipated to further accelerate the market as Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine is increasingly recognized for its potential health benefits. Additionally, the growing trend of personalized medicine is likely to create new opportunities for the incorporation of L-Alanine in tailored therapeutic solutions.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market is expected to reach USD 1.2 billion by 2035.
• Projected CAGR of 7.5% from 2025 to 2035.
• Increasing demand in the pharmaceutical industry as a key growth driver.
• Rising awareness regarding the health benefits of amino acids.
• Growing trend of personalized medicine and tailored therapies.

By Product Type

Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine:

Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine is the purest form of this amino acid, extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry for the formulation of various medications and supplements. Its high purity and stringent quality standards make it suitable for therapeutic applications, including formulations for metabolic disorders and as an excipient in drug delivery systems. The global demand for this segment is on the rise, driven by the increasing focus on quality assurance and regulatory compliance in drug manufacturing. Moreover, the growing prevalence of diseases that require amino acid supplementation is likely to drive the demand for Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine in the coming years.

Food Grade L-Alanine:

Food Grade L-Alanine is primarily utilized as a food additive due to its ability to enhance flavor and improve the nutritional profile of various food products. As consumers become more health-conscious and seek natural ingredients, the demand for high-quality food-grade additives is increasing. This segment is anticipated to witness significant growth, largely fueled by the expansion of the food and beverage industry, including processed foods and dietary supplements. Additionally, regulatory bodies' approval of L-Alanine as a safe food additive further supports its growth in the food industry.

Feed Grade L-Alanine:

The Feed Grade L-Alanine segment plays a crucial role in animal nutrition, providing essential amino acids that contribute to the growth and development of livestock and poultry. This type of L-Alanine is formulated to enhance feed efficiency and improve animal health. The increasing demand for animal protein, coupled with the rising adoption of modern farming practices, is expected to propel the Feed Grade L-Alanine market significantly. As the livestock industry evolves, there is a growing recognition of the importance of amino acids in animal diets, thereby supporting the expansion of this segment.

Technical Grade L-Alanine:

Technical Grade L-Alanine finds applications primarily in industrial processes, such as in the synthesis of various chemical compounds. This grade of L-Alanine is characterized by its functional properties that facilitate various industrial processes, including chemical synthesis and production. As industries seek to optimize their production processes and minimize costs, the demand for Technical Grade L-Alanine is expected to grow. Moreover, the increasing use of L-Alanine in the production of biodegradable plastics and other sustainable materials will likely enhance the prospects for this segment.

Cosmetic Grade L-Alanine:

Cosmetic Grade L-Alanine is gaining traction in the beauty and personal care industry due to its moisturizing and skin-repairing properties. As consumers increasingly opt for products with natural ingredients and those that provide additional skin benefits, the demand for Cosmetic Grade L-Alanine is expected to rise. This segment benefits from the growing trend of clean beauty, where formulation transparency and ingredient safety are prioritized. Moreover, the expanding market for anti-aging products that incorporate amino acids is anticipated to further drive the demand for Cosmetic Grade L-Alanine.

By Application

Pharmaceuticals:

The Pharmaceuticals segment represents one of the key applications of Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine, primarily due to its essential role in drug formulation. It serves as a building block for various therapeutic compounds and is particularly important in the production of amino acid-based drugs and supplements. The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases that require ongoing medication drives the demand for high-quality pharmaceutical ingredients, including L-Alanine. As the pharmaceutical industry continues to innovate, the demand for L-Alanine is projected to grow significantly, particularly in the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine.

Food Additives:

L-Alanine is extensively used as a food additive, owing to its flavor-enhancing properties and nutritional benefits. This application is becoming increasingly significant as the food and beverage industry experiences a shift towards healthier and more natural products. The growing demand for processed foods that are rich in proteins and amino acids is expected to propel the Food Additives segment. Additionally, as consumers become more discerning about food ingredients, the inclusion of L-Alanine as a clean label ingredient will likely bolster its use in various food products, further enhancing its market potential.

Animal Feed:

In the Animal Feed application, L-Alanine plays a pivotal role in enhancing the nutritional profile of animal feed formulations. It is essential for promoting growth and ensuring the overall health of livestock. The increasing demand for high-quality protein sources, coupled with the rising global meat consumption, positions the Animal Feed segment for substantial growth. Additionally, the expanding awareness of the benefits of amino acid supplementation in animal nutrition is anticipated to drive the demand for L-Alanine in this sector, as animal producers seek to optimize feed efficiency and animal performance.

Cosmetics:

The Cosmetics application of L-Alanine is gaining momentum as consumers increasingly seek products that are not only effective but also contain safe and beneficial ingredients. L-Alanine is used in various cosmetic formulations for its moisturizing properties and its ability to promote skin repair and regeneration. The rising emphasis on skincare and the demand for natural and organic cosmetic products are key factors driving the growth of this segment. As the beauty industry continues to innovate and expand, the incorporation of L-Alanine into cosmetic formulations is expected to increase, further enhancing its market presence.

Others:

In addition to the primary applications mentioned, L-Alanine is also utilized in various other sectors, including dietary supplements and nutraceuticals. The growing trend towards health and wellness has led to an increased demand for amino acid-based supplements that provide health benefits. Furthermore, L-Alanine is being explored for its potential uses in the food tech and functional foods industries, where it can contribute to the development of innovative products. This segment is expected to witness growth as more consumers become aware of the advantages of amino acid supplementation in their diets.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

Online Stores have emerged as a significant distribution channel for Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine products, primarily due to the rising trend of e-commerce. The convenience of online shopping and the availability of a wide range of products have made it the preferred choice for many consumers. Additionally, online platforms provide detailed product information and customer reviews, which facilitate informed purchasing decisions. The growing penetration of the internet and increased smartphone usage further bolster the online sales channel, leading to enhanced accessibility of Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine to a broader audience.

Supermarkets/Hypermarkets:

Supermarkets and Hypermarkets serve as traditional retail channels for the distribution of Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine, particularly in the food and dietary supplement segments. These retail formats benefit from high foot traffic and offer a wide selection of products, making them a popular destination for consumers seeking health supplements and additives. The increasing trend of health-conscious shopping has led to a rise in the availability of health-focused products, including those containing L-Alanine, in supermarkets and hypermarkets. The convenience of purchasing in bulk further enhances the attractiveness of these retail channels for consumers.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty Stores, which focus on health and wellness products, are crucial distribution points for Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine. These stores cater to a niche market of health-conscious consumers who seek high-quality and specialized products. The knowledgeable staff in specialty stores can provide personalized recommendations and guidance, which enhances the shopping experience for consumers. As the demand for health supplements continues to rise, specialty stores play a vital role in promoting the benefits of L-Alanine and catering to specific dietary needs, thus contributing to the growth of this distribution channel.

Others:

Other distribution channels for Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine include pharmacies and health food shops, which offer a range of dietary supplements and health products. These channels cater to consumers seeking convenience and reliable access to health-related products. Pharmacies, in particular, play a significant role in providing pharmaceutical-grade ingredients, including L-Alanine, to individuals looking to improve their health. As awareness regarding the importance of amino acids grows, the demand through these alternative distribution channels is expected to increase, complementing the growth observed in other retail formats.

By Ingredient Type

L-Alanine Powder:

L-Alanine Powder is one of the most commonly used forms of this amino acid, valued for its versatility and ease of use in various applications. This powdered format is especially popular in the pharmaceutical and dietary supplement sectors, where it is frequently incorporated into formulations for ease of dosage and consumption. The demand for L-Alanine Powder is expected to grow as more consumers and manufacturers recognize its benefits in enhancing health and wellness. Its application in protein powders and meal replacement products further bolsters its market position, as health-conscious individuals seek convenient options for supplementation.

L-Alanine Capsules:

L-Alanine Capsules offer a convenient dosage form that appeals to consumers preferring easy-to-swallow supplements. This form of L-Alanine is particularly popular among individuals who are active and seek to enhance their performance through amino acid supplementation. As the trend toward maintaining optimal health continues to rise, the demand for L-Alanine Capsules is also expected to increase. Manufacturers are now focusing on creating high-quality capsule formulations that ensure maximum bioavailability and efficacy, thereby making this format highly sought after in the marketplace.

L-Alanine Tablets:

L-Alanine Tablets provide another popular dosage form, favored for their portability and shelf stability. This format is particularly effective for consumers who prefer a straightforward approach to supplementation and a longer shelf life compared to capsules or powders. The rising trend of self-medication and the growing interest in dietary supplements are anticipated to drive the demand for L-Alanine Tablets in the market. Furthermore, advancements in tablet formulation techniques are being leveraged to enhance the release profile of L-Alanine, ensuring better absorption and bioavailability for consumers.

L-Alanine Liquid:

L-Alanine Liquid is a less common but increasingly popular form of this amino acid, particularly favored for its rapid absorption and ease of use. This format is often used in pre-workout or recovery formulations aimed at athletes and fitness enthusiasts. The liquid form allows for customizable dosing and is beneficial for individuals who have difficulty swallowing pills. As the fitness industry continues to evolve, demands for innovative formulations such as L-Alanine Liquid are expected to increase, thereby contributing to the growth of this segment.

Others:

The Others category encompasses various innovative forms of L-Alanine that may include gummies or emulsions designed for specific health benefits. These alternative formats aim to appeal to different consumer preferences and improve the overall experience of supplementation. With the trend shifting towards more palatable and fun ways to consume health products, the demand for these innovative forms of L-Alanine is likely to see considerable growth. As consumers continue to seek variety in their health supplements, manufacturers are expected to explore and expand the range of ingredient types available in the market.

By Region

The regional analysis of the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market reveals a dynamic landscape characterized by distinct growth patterns. In the Asia Pacific region, the market is expected to witness significant growth, projected at a CAGR of 8.2% from 2025 to 2035. The increasing pharmaceutical manufacturing activities in countries like China and India, coupled with the rising demand for dietary supplements, are key drivers for this growth. North America is also a substantial market, with a projected market value of USD 300 million by 2035, owing to the strong presence of leading pharmaceutical companies and the growing trend of preventive healthcare among consumers.

In Europe, the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market is expected to account for approximately 25% of the global market share, primarily driven by stringent regulations governing pharmaceutical ingredients and the rising demand for high-quality health products. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa represent smaller but growing markets, focusing on increasing awareness of health supplements and the need for quality pharmaceutical ingredients. The overall regional dynamics suggest that while established markets like North America and Europe continue to flourish, emerging markets in the Asia Pacific are poised for robust growth, reshaping the global landscape of the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market.

Opportunities

The Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market presents a wealth of opportunities driven by the current trends in health and wellness, particularly in the dietary supplement and functional foods sectors. As consumers become more health-conscious and seek natural ways to improve their well-being, the demand for amino acid-based products, including L-Alanine, is likely to surge. Companies that innovate by developing unique formulations that cater to specific health needs, such as energy enhancement or muscle recovery, can tap into this expanding market. Furthermore, as awareness regarding the importance of amino acids in everyday nutrition grows, there is a significant opportunity for businesses to educate consumers and expand their product offerings in both the retail and e-commerce spaces.

Additionally, the increasing focus on preventative healthcare and personalized medicine represents another promising avenue for growth in the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market. Health care providers and consumers are increasingly looking for tailored solutions that address individual health concerns, and L-Alanine can play a vital role in such formulations. This trend is expected to foster collaborations between pharmaceutical companies and nutritional supplement manufacturers, leading to innovative products that meet specific consumer demands. By capitalizing on these opportunities, stakeholders in the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market can position themselves strategically for long-term success and growth.

Threats

While the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market is poised for growth, it is not without its challenges and threats that could potentially hinder progress. One of the primary threats is the stringent regulatory environment surrounding pharmaceutical ingredients and dietary supplements. Compliance with various regulations can be both time-consuming and costly for manufacturers, particularly for those looking to enter new markets. Any changes in regulations or increased scrutiny can pose significant hurdles, potentially leading to delays in product launches or the need for costly reformulations. Additionally, the presence of counterfeit and low-quality products in the market can undermine consumer trust, further complicating the landscape for legitimate manufacturers.

Another critical factor affecting the market is the volatility in raw material prices, which can directly impact production costs and pricing strategies. The fluctuation in supply and demand dynamics in the global market for amino acids can lead to increased competition among manufacturers, causing price wars that may adversely affect profit margins. Furthermore, the ongoing challenges posed by global supply chain disruptions can create uncertainties in the procurement of high-quality L-Alanine, leading to potential shortages. Companies must remain vigilant and strategically plan to mitigate these risks to sustain growth and maintain their competitive edge.

Competitor Outlook

• Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
• Evonik Industries AG
• Fufeng Group Co., Ltd.
• Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd.
• Merck KGaA
• Shandong Jincheng Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.
• Hubei Nanhua Jinlong Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Ginkgo BioWorks, Inc.
• Daesang Corporation
• CheilJedang Corporation
• Global Bio-Chem Technology Group Company Limited
• Wacker Chemie AG
• Changzhou Heping Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Groupe Lactalis
• NutriScience Innovations, LLC

The competitive landscape of the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market illustrates a dynamic environment characterized by both established players and emerging companies striving for a foothold. Leading firms such as Ajinomoto Co., Inc. and Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd. have established themselves at the forefront, benefiting from their extensive experience in amino acid production and a diverse portfolio that caters to various applications. These companies invest heavily in research and development to innovate and improve their product offerings, positioning themselves ahead of the competition. Furthermore, their global presence allows them to adapt to market demands and leverage distribution networks effectively, enhancing their competitive advantage.

Emerging players and regional manufacturers are also making significant strides in the Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine market, driven by the increasing demand for higher-quality ingredients and tailored solutions. Companies like Fufeng Group Co., Ltd. and Hubei Nanhua Jinlong Chemical Co., Ltd. are capitalizing on the growing trend of health and wellness, introducing products that cater to specific consumer needs. Moreover, strategic partnerships and collaborations among manufacturers and distributors are becoming increasingly common as companies aim to expand their market reach and enhance their product offerings. This competitive landscape illustrates a rapidly evolving market where innovation and quality are paramount for success.

Among the major competitors, companies such as Evonik Industries AG and Merck KGaA are recognized for their commitment to sustainability and ethical sourcing of raw materials. These companies are increasingly investing in environmentally friendly production methods and sustainable practices, which resonate well with today's environmentally-conscious consumers. As the demand for clean and green products grows, these firms are likely to benefit from their proactive approaches to sustainability. Additionally, their robust research capabilities and technical expertise enable them to develop innovative solutions that meet changing consumer preferences and regulatory requirements, positioning them as leaders in the market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Merck KGaA
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Groupe Lactalis
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Wacker Chemie AG
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Daesang Corporation
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Evonik Industries AG
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Ginkgo BioWorks, Inc.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Fufeng Group Co., Ltd.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 CheilJedang Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 NutriScience Innovations, LLC
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Changzhou Heping Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Hubei Nanhua Jinlong Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Global Bio-Chem Technology Group Company Limited
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Shandong Jincheng Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Pharmaceuticals
    • 6.1.2 Food Additives
    • 6.1.3 Animal Feed
    • 6.1.4 Cosmetics
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine
    • 6.2.2 Food Grade L-Alanine
    • 6.2.3 Feed Grade L-Alanine
    • 6.2.4 Technical Grade L-Alanine
    • 6.2.5 Cosmetic Grade L-Alanine
  • 6.3 Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.1 Online Stores
    • 6.3.2 Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
    • 6.3.3 Specialty Stores
    • 6.3.4 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Pharmaceutical Grade L Alanine market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Pharmaceutical Grade L-Alanine
• Food Grade L-Alanine
• Feed Grade L-Alanine
• Technical Grade L-Alanine
• Cosmetic Grade L-Alanine

By Application

• Pharmaceuticals
• Food Additives
• Animal Feed
• Cosmetics
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
• Specialty Stores
• Others

By Region

• Asia Pacific
• North America
• Latin America
• Europe
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
• Evonik Industries AG
• Fufeng Group Co., Ltd.
• Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd.
• Merck KGaA
• Shandong Jincheng Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.
• Hubei Nanhua Jinlong Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Ginkgo BioWorks, Inc.
• Daesang Corporation
• CheilJedang Corporation
• Global Bio-Chem Technology Group Company Limited
• Wacker Chemie AG
• Changzhou Heping Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Groupe Lactalis
• NutriScience Innovations, LLC