Parking Brake Cable

Parking Brake Cable Market Outlook

The global parking brake cable market is projected to reach approximately USD 1.2 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of around 4.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. This growth is attributed to the increasing automotive production and sales across various vehicle segments, as well as the rising awareness regarding vehicle safety standards. Moreover, the growing demand for electric and hybrid vehicles is expected to boost the need for advanced parking brake systems, thus propelling the market's expansion. The continuous advancements in technology related to braking systems are also contributing to the market's growth, as manufacturers strive to integrate innovative features into their products to enhance user safety and convenience. Another critical factor that is driving the market is the growing trend of automation in vehicle systems, which necessitates the development of more sophisticated parking brake cables.

Growth Factor of the Market

The parking brake cable market is witnessing significant growth due to several key factors. One of the main drivers is the increasing vehicle ownership globally, especially in emerging economies where automotive manufacturing is on the rise. As more vehicles hit the road, the need for reliable and efficient parking brake systems becomes paramount. Additionally, stringent government regulations regarding vehicular safety are pushing manufacturers to improve their braking systems, further driving demand for high-quality parking brake cables. Moreover, the rising trend of electric and hybrid vehicles, which require specialized braking systems, has opened new avenues for growth within the market. Furthermore, the aftermarket segment is also thriving, as consumers are increasingly looking for replacement parts to maintain their vehicles, ensuring steady demand for parking brake cables. This combination of factors is set to sustain the momentum of growth in the parking brake cable market for the foreseeable future.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global parking brake cable market is anticipated to reach USD 1.2 billion by 2035.
• A CAGR of about 4.5% is expected from 2025 to 2035.
• Rising vehicle ownership and production in emerging markets is a significant contributor.
• The trend towards electric and hybrid vehicles is opening new opportunities.
• Increasing aftermarket demand for replacement parts is expected to drive sustained growth.

By Product Type

Hand Brake Cable:

Hand brake cables are a critical component of a vehicle's braking system, primarily used in manual transmissions and as a supplemental safety feature in automatic vehicles. They are designed to engage the parking brake mechanically, preventing the vehicle from rolling on inclines. The demand for hand brake cables is driven by their robust design and reliability, which makes them suitable for a wide array of vehicle applications. As regulatory bodies emphasize vehicle safety, manufacturers are focusing on enhancing the quality and performance of hand brake cables. Enhanced designs, such as those featuring improved corrosion resistance and durability, are contributing to the steady growth of this segment in the parking brake cable market.

Foot Brake Cable:

Foot brake cables are integral to the operation of vehicles equipped with foot-operated braking systems, allowing for quick engagement of the parking brake. The growing preference for automatic transmissions in passenger vehicles has led to an increase in the adoption of foot brake cables. These cables are designed to withstand significant tension and provide a reliable connection between the brake pedal and the parking brake mechanism. Innovations in materials and manufacturing processes are contributing to the development of lighter yet stronger foot brake cables, enhancing overall vehicle performance and safety. As consumer demand for high-performance vehicles continues to rise, this segment is expected to witness sustained growth in the parking brake cable market.

Lever Brake Cable:

Lever brake cables are typically used in bicycles and motorcycles but are also found in some automotive applications, providing a mechanical advantage for engaging the parking brake. The segment is witnessing growth owing to the increasing popularity of recreational vehicles and two-wheelers, which require efficient and effective brake systems. Lever brake cables are designed for quick and responsive engagement, providing users with the assurance of safety while navigating various terrains. With the rise of adventure sports and outdoor activities, the demand for vehicles equipped with reliable lever brake systems is on the rise, contributing to the overall growth of the parking brake cable market.

Electric Parking Brake Cable:

The electric parking brake cable segment is gaining traction due to the growing incorporation of advanced technologies in modern vehicles. Electric parking brakes offer several advantages over traditional mechanical systems, including ease of use and enhanced space efficiency. As manufacturers seek to enhance the user experience and integrate more automated features into their vehicles, the demand for electric parking brake cables is expected to rise significantly. Additionally, the shift towards electric and hybrid vehicles, which often utilize electronic control systems, is further bolstering the growth of this segment. This evolution in vehicle technology aligns well with consumer preferences for convenience and safety, positioning electric parking brake cables as a key growth area.

Mechanical Parking Brake Cable:

Mechanical parking brake cables have been a standard feature in vehicles for many years, operating through a physical connection between the brake lever and the brake mechanism. The simplicity and reliability of mechanical systems make them a popular choice among manufacturers and consumers alike. As the automotive industry continues to evolve, the need for mechanical parking brake cables remains steady, especially in entry-level and mid-range vehicles. The segment is supported by the availability of cost-effective solutions, appealing to budget-conscious consumers. However, as electric and automated systems gain preference, the mechanical parking brake cable segment must innovate to remain relevant in a rapidly changing market environment.

By Application

Passenger Vehicles:

The passenger vehicle segment is a significant contributor to the parking brake cable market, driven primarily by the global increase in vehicle production and sales. As consumer preferences shift towards personal mobility solutions, manufacturers are focusing on improving safety features, including parking brake systems. The demand for parking brake cables in passenger vehicles is bolstered by the need for reliable, durable, and easy-to-use braking systems. With the incorporation of advanced technology in modern vehicles, including electronic parking brakes, the segment is expected to see considerable growth. Additionally, the rise of electric and hybrid vehicles is placing new requirements on the parking brake systems, further enhancing the demand for innovative cable solutions.

Commercial Vehicles:

In the commercial vehicle sector, the parking brake cable plays a crucial role in ensuring operational safety and compliance with regulatory requirements. These vehicles require robust and reliable braking systems due to the heavier loads they carry. The growing logistics and transportation industry is driving the demand for commercial vehicles, subsequently increasing the demand for parking brake cables tailored for these applications. Manufacturers are continuously innovating to develop cables that can withstand the rigors of commercial use, including exposure to harsh environments and heavy use. Moreover, advancements in technology aim to enhance the efficiency of these cables, ensuring that they meet the rigorous safety standards expected in commercial settings, which is likely to propel this segment's growth.

Off-road Vehicles:

The off-road vehicle application segment is gaining momentum due to the increasing popularity of recreational vehicles and the rise of off-road sports. These vehicles require specialized parking brake systems that can perform effectively under challenging conditions, and parking brake cables are a critical part of these systems. The off-road vehicle segment demands cables that are not only durable but also resistant to wear and tear caused by rough terrains. The growth of adventure tourism and outdoor activities has spurred interest in off-road vehicles, thereby increasing the demand for high-quality parking brake cables engineered for such applications. As manufacturers respond to this growing market with improved designs, the off-road vehicle segment will likely contribute significantly to the overall growth of the parking brake cable market.

Electric Vehicles:

The electric vehicle (EV) sector is rapidly expanding, with increasing consumer awareness and preference for sustainable transportation options. Parking brake cables in electric vehicles are often integrated into more complex electronic control systems, which are designed for efficiency and ease of use. The growing adoption of electric vehicles is driving manufacturers to develop advanced parking brake cables that complement the high-tech features of EVs. Innovations in this segment focus on optimizing weight and performance, as well as ensuring compatibility with the latest braking technologies. As more consumers transition towards electric vehicles, the demand for specialized parking brake cables will continue to rise, marking a significant growth opportunity in the parking brake cable market.

Hybrid Vehicles:

Hybrid vehicles, which combine both traditional internal combustion engines and electric propulsion, are also contributing to the growth of the parking brake cable market. These vehicles require versatile braking systems that can operate effectively in both electric and mechanical modes. The demand for parking brake cables in hybrid vehicles is closely linked to the overall increase in hybrid vehicle production and sales. As manufacturers focus on enhancing vehicle efficiency, the integration of advanced parking brake systems becomes crucial. The growth of hybrid vehicles is driven by increasing environmental awareness and government incentives, indicating a favorable landscape for parking brake cable manufacturers catering to this segment. The evolving technology and design requirements for hybrid vehicles present significant opportunities for growth in the parking brake cable market.

By Distribution Channel

OEMs:

The OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) channel is a vital component of the parking brake cable market, as it involves the supply of cables directly to vehicle manufacturers for incorporation into new vehicles. The growth of this segment is closely tied to the automotive production trends, with the increasing demand for vehicles driving the need for high-quality parking brake cables. OEMs require reliable and durable products that meet strict safety and performance standards, pushing manufacturers to innovate and improve their offerings. As vehicle manufacturers focus on enhancing their models with better safety features, the demand for OEM parking brake cables is expected to remain robust. This segment benefits from long-term contracts and partnerships between cable manufacturers and automotive producers, ensuring a steady flow of business.

Aftermarket:

The aftermarket segment of the parking brake cable market is characterized by the replacement and upgrade of existing components in vehicles. As vehicles age, the need for maintenance and replacement parts, including parking brake cables, becomes essential. This segment is driven by the increasing average vehicle age and the growing awareness of vehicle safety among consumers, who are seeking reliable replacement parts. The aftermarket is also influenced by the trend towards DIY repairs, with many consumers opting to replace their parking brake cables themselves. The growth of e-commerce has further facilitated access to aftermarket products, allowing consumers to easily source high-quality parking brake cables at competitive prices. As the automotive sector continues to evolve, the aftermarket segment is poised for steady growth in response to ongoing vehicle maintenance needs.

By Material Type

Steel:

Steel remains the predominant material type used in the manufacturing of parking brake cables, owing to its strength, durability, and cost-effectiveness. Steel cables are known for their excellent tensile strength and ability to withstand the stresses and strains associated with brake operations, making them a popular choice among manufacturers. The increasing automotive production and the continued use of steel in vehicle components are expected to sustain the demand for steel parking brake cables over the forecast period. Additionally, advancements in steel processing technologies are allowing manufacturers to produce lighter and more efficient cables, further enhancing their appeal in the market. As safety regulations become more stringent, steel's reliability as a material will continue to play a vital role in the parking brake cable market.

Aluminum:

Aluminum is gaining traction as an alternative material for parking brake cables, largely due to its lightweight properties and resistance to corrosion. The push for fuel-efficient vehicles has led manufacturers to explore the benefits of aluminum in reducing overall vehicle weight, which in turn improves fuel efficiency. Although aluminum parking brake cables may not yet be as widely adopted as steel ones, their increasing use in high-performance and electric vehicles is noteworthy. As automakers strive to meet stricter emissions regulations and consumer preferences for eco-friendly options, the demand for aluminum parking brake cables is expected to grow. Innovations in aluminum processing are also enhancing the strength and durability of aluminum cables, making them more competitive in the market.

Carbon Fiber:

Carbon fiber represents an emerging material type in the parking brake cable market, primarily driven by its lightweight and high-strength characteristics. While still in the nascent stages of adoption, the use of carbon fiber in automotive applications is gaining popularity, particularly in high-performance vehicles where weight reduction is critical. Carbon fiber cables offer significant advantages in terms of strength-to-weight ratio compared to traditional materials, providing manufacturers with opportunities to enhance performance while maintaining safety. As vehicle manufacturers focus on innovation and the development of advanced materials, carbon fiber parking brake cables may see increased adoption, particularly in the luxury and performance vehicle segments. The high cost of carbon fiber production remains a challenge, but ongoing advancements in manufacturing techniques could make this material more accessible in the future.

Others:

The "Others" category for material types in parking brake cables includes various materials such as polymer composites and hybrid materials that combine the benefits of different substances. These materials are often utilized for their unique properties, such as improved flexibility, resistance to wear, and lower production costs. Manufacturers are increasingly exploring alternative materials to enhance the performance and longevity of parking brake cables, especially in environments where traditional materials may fail due to corrosion or fatigue. While these alternatives currently hold a smaller market share compared to steel and aluminum, ongoing research and development efforts could lead to a broader acceptance of these innovative materials within the parking brake cable market. As consumer demand for high-performance and lightweight components grows, the market for alternative materials is expected to expand accordingly.

By Region

The parking brake cable market is divided into several key regions, each contributing to the global industry landscape. North America holds a substantial share of the market, driven by significant automotive manufacturing and sales. The region's focus on safety regulations and advanced vehicle technology has led to increased demand for high-quality parking brake cables. In 2023, the North American parking brake cable market was valued at around USD 300 million, accounting for approximately 25% of the global market. The region is expected to witness a steady CAGR of about 4% through 2035, supported by the consistent production of passenger and commercial vehicles and the growing trend of electric vehicle adoption.

Europe is another key region in the parking brake cable market, characterized by a strong automotive industry and stringent safety norms. The European market was valued at approximately USD 400 million in 2023, capturing around 33% of the global share. The region is expected to experience a CAGR of 5% during the forecast period, driven by the increasing production of electric and hybrid vehicles. Additionally, the rise of innovative braking technologies and the focus on reducing emissions are likely to enhance the demand for advanced parking brake cables in Europe. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to show the highest growth rate, with a projected CAGR of 6% as countries like China and India ramp up their automotive production to meet domestic and global demand.

Opportunities

The parking brake cable market presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly as the automotive industry continues to evolve. One of the most significant opportunities lies in the increasing trend towards electric and hybrid vehicles. As manufacturers develop more sophisticated braking systems for these vehicles, the demand for advanced parking brake cables tailored for electric applications is expected to rise. Additionally, there is an opportunity for manufacturers to innovate by enhancing the materials used in parking brake cables, such as incorporating lightweight and high-strength materials like carbon fiber or advanced polymers. This innovation could lead to a robust competitive advantage and cater to the growing consumer demand for performance-oriented vehicles.

Furthermore, the aftermarket segment offers considerable growth potential as vehicle owners increasingly seek high-quality replacement parts. With the average age of vehicles on the road increasing, there is a growing need for maintenance and upgrades to ensure safety and performance. Manufacturers have the opportunity to engage with consumers through targeted marketing and education about the importance of using reliable components, thereby driving sales in the aftermarket. Additionally, collaborations with e-commerce platforms can facilitate better access to high-quality parking brake cables, enhancing customer convenience and satisfaction. Overall, the convergence of these trends creates a favorable landscape for growth and innovation in the parking brake cable market.

Threats

Despite the positive outlook for the parking brake cable market, several threats could hinder its growth. One significant threat is the increasing competition from alternative braking technologies, such as fully electronic systems that eliminate the need for traditional parking brake cables. As automakers invest in research and development to enhance vehicle performance and safety, the adoption of these advanced systems could lead to a decline in demand for traditional parking brake cables. Manufacturers must stay ahead of the curve by investing in innovation and adapting to changing market dynamics. Furthermore, fluctuations in raw material prices, particularly for steel and aluminum, could impact manufacturing costs and profit margins, adding pressure on manufacturers to maintain competitive pricing without compromising quality.

Another threat to the parking brake cable market is the potential for economic downturns that could affect vehicle sales and production. Economic uncertainties can lead to reduced consumer spending and a slowdown in automotive manufacturing, which in turn can restrain the demand for parking brake cables. Additionally, regulatory changes aimed at reducing emissions and promoting electric vehicles may necessitate a shift in manufacturing focus, requiring investment in new technologies while possibly sidelining traditional cable production. This shifting landscape will require manufacturers to be agile and responsive to ensure they can navigate the challenges presented by economic and regulatory changes effectively.

Competitor Outlook

• Wagner Brake
• Continental AG
• Trw Automotive
• Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.
• Delphi Technologies
• GKN plc
• Standard Motor Products, Inc.
• Cardone Industries
• East Penn Manufacturing
• Omni Brake
• Hitachi Automotive Systems
• Haldex Group
• SMP Automotive
• Federal-Mogul LLC
• U.S. Brake Corporation

The competitive landscape of the parking brake cable market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies, each striving to capture market share through product innovation and strategic partnerships. Leading manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development to create advanced parking brake cable systems that meet the evolving demands of the automotive industry. Collaboration with automakers for OEM contracts has become a key strategy, as it ensures steady demand for their products while allowing them to stay at the forefront of technological advancements. Additionally, many companies are focusing on diversifying their product lines to cater to the specific needs of different vehicle segments, including passenger, commercial, and electric vehicles.

Major players in the market, such as Wagner Brake and Continental AG, have established a strong presence through their extensive distribution networks and commitment to quality. These companies often leverage their capabilities in manufacturing and engineering to enhance their product offerings. For instance, Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd. is known for its focus on innovation and advanced braking technologies, which has positioned it as a leading player in the parking brake cable market. Similarly, Trw Automotive and Delphi Technologies are recognized for their broad range of braking solutions, which enhances their competitiveness in the marketplace.

As the parking brake cable market continues to evolve, companies will need to navigate challenges posed by changing consumer preferences, technological advancements, and regulatory requirements. A focus on sustainability and reducing carbon footprints is becoming increasingly important, prompting manufacturers to develop eco-friendly products and practices. The rise of electric vehicles also requires companies to adapt their offerings accordingly, ensuring compatibility with new braking systems. In this dynamic landscape, staying agile and innovative will be crucial for companies aiming to maintain their competitive edge while meeting the demands of a diverse customer base.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 GKN plc
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Omni Brake
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Haldex Group
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Wagner Brake
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Continental AG
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 SMP Automotive
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Trw Automotive
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Federal-Mogul LLC
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Cardone Industries
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Delphi Technologies
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 U.S. Brake Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 East Penn Manufacturing
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Hitachi Automotive Systems
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Standard Motor Products, Inc.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Parking Brake Cable Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Passenger Vehicles
    • 6.1.2 Commercial Vehicles
    • 6.1.3 Off-road Vehicles
    • 6.1.4 Electric Vehicles
    • 6.1.5 Hybrid Vehicles
  • 6.2 Parking Brake Cable Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Hand Brake Cable
    • 6.2.2 Foot Brake Cable
    • 6.2.3 Lever Brake Cable
    • 6.2.4 Electric Parking Brake Cable
    • 6.2.5 Mechanical Parking Brake Cable
  • 6.3 Parking Brake Cable Market, By Material Type
    • 6.3.1 Steel
    • 6.3.2 Aluminum
    • 6.3.3 Carbon Fiber
    • 6.3.4 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Parking Brake Cable Market by Region
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Parking Brake Cable market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Hand Brake Cable
• Foot Brake Cable
• Lever Brake Cable
• Electric Parking Brake Cable
• Mechanical Parking Brake Cable

By Application

• Passenger Vehicles
• Commercial Vehicles
• Off-road Vehicles
• Electric Vehicles
• Hybrid Vehicles

By Material Type

• Steel
• Aluminum
• Carbon Fiber
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Wagner Brake
• Continental AG
• Trw Automotive
• Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.
• Delphi Technologies
• GKN plc
• Standard Motor Products, Inc.
• Cardone Industries
• East Penn Manufacturing
• Omni Brake
• Hitachi Automotive Systems
• Haldex Group
• SMP Automotive
• Federal-Mogul LLC
• U.S. Brake Corporation