Paint and Coating Biocide

Paint and Coating Biocide Market Outlook

The global Paint and Coating Biocide market was valued at approximately USD 2.5 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 3.5 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of approximately 4.9% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. The market is significantly driven by the increasing demand for high-performance coatings across various end-use sectors, such as construction, automotive, and marine, mainly due to their durability and resistance to microbial growth. Additionally, the global expansion of construction activities, particularly in developing regions, has amplified the demand for coatings that enhance aesthetics and provide long-lasting protection against corrosion and biological degradation. Regulatory pressures concerning the use of eco-friendly materials are also prompting manufacturers to innovate and adapt to sustainable practices, thereby contributing to market growth. Moreover, the rising awareness of health and environmental impacts associated with microbial contamination in paints is further bolstering the need for effective biocides within this segment.

Growth Factor of the Market

The growth of the Paint and Coating Biocide market is fueled by various factors that shape the competitive landscape. Firstly, the increase in construction and renovation activities, particularly in emerging economies, is leading to a heightened demand for architectural and industrial coatings that require biocidal protection. Secondly, the maritime industry is witnessing significant growth as countries invest in their naval capabilities, thus driving the need for antifouling coatings embedded with biocides to prevent marine growth. Furthermore, stringent government regulations aimed at promoting the use of safe and environmentally friendly chemicals are encouraging manufacturers to innovate biocide formulations that comply with safety standards while maintaining performance. The rise in consumer awareness regarding the importance of product longevity and performance is another key element contributing to market expansion. Lastly, the rapid advancements in technology and manufacturing processes are allowing for the development of more effective and specialized biocides that cater to diverse applications, thereby providing a competitive edge to manufacturers in the Paint and Coating Biocide market.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global Paint and Coating Biocide market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 4.9% from 2025 to 2035.
• Antifouling and antimicrobial biocides together account for a significant portion of the market share.
• The architectural coatings segment is projected to dominate the application category due to rising urbanization.
• North America is expected to hold a substantial market share, driven by stringent regulations and high-quality standards.
• Developments in eco-friendly biocides are fostering new opportunities for market players.

By Product Type

Antifouling Biocides:

Antifouling biocides are essential for preventing the growth of marine organisms on submerged surfaces, such as ship hulls and offshore structures. The increasing global trade and shipping activities have led to a surge in demand for these biocides, as they help in maintaining the operational efficiency of marine vessels by reducing drag and fuel consumption. In addition, stringent international regulations imposed on the use of harmful substances in marine coatings are driving manufacturers to innovate and develop biocides that are both effective and environmentally compliant. The market for antifouling biocides is expected to expand as new technologies emerge, providing safer and more efficient solutions to prevent biofouling, which can lead to significant economic losses in shipping and marine infrastructure maintenance.

Antimicrobial Biocides:

Antimicrobial biocides play a crucial role in preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae in various coatings applications, thereby enhancing the durability and functionality of coated surfaces. The rising demand for hygienic and safe environments, particularly in healthcare, food processing, and residential applications, is substantially driving the growth of the antimicrobial biocide segment. Moreover, the increasing awareness regarding microbial contamination and its impact on health is prompting industries to incorporate antimicrobial properties in their coatings. This segment is expected to witness robust growth as manufacturers continue to innovate formulations that provide long-lasting antimicrobial protection while meeting regulatory safety standards.

Preservatives:

Preservatives are integral for extending the shelf life of paints and coatings by preventing microbial growth during storage and application. The growing construction industry, coupled with the increasing preference for high-quality coatings, is propelling the demand for preservatives in the market. As more consumers and manufacturers seek paints that can withstand environmental challenges without compromising performance, the use of effective preservatives has become a vital component of product formulations. Furthermore, advancements in preservative technology are resulting in the development of more efficient and eco-friendly blends, which appeal to a broader range of consumers looking for sustainable options.

Dry Film Preservatives:

Dry film preservatives are specifically designed to inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the dry state of coatings. With their unique properties, these preservatives are essential for maintaining the integrity and appearance of painted surfaces over time. The increasing use of exterior coatings in residential and commercial applications is driving the demand for dry film preservatives, as they offer long-term protection against deteriorating elements. Moreover, the growing trend towards outdoor applications, which require enhanced durability and protection against harsh environmental conditions, is further fueling the need for advanced dry film preservatives that can extend the life of various coatings.

Others:

This category encompasses a range of biocidal products that do not fall under the aforementioned classifications. These may include specialized formulations developed for niche applications or unique environments. The demand for ‘others’ is emerging due to specific requirements from various industries that necessitate custom solutions. As manufacturers increasingly focus on tailoring biocide formulations to meet specialized needs, this segment is likely to experience steady growth driven by innovation, customization, and a diversified product portfolio.

By Application

Architectural Coatings:

Architectural coatings are primarily used in residential and commercial buildings to provide aesthetic appeal and protect surfaces from environmental degradation. The increasing urbanization and infrastructure development across the globe are augmenting the demand for architectural coatings. These coatings often require biocides to enhance their longevity and prevent microbial growth that can degrade both appearance and performance. As consumers become more concerned about maintaining the aesthetics and durability of their properties, the incorporation of effective biocides in architectural coatings is becoming increasingly important, leading to substantial market opportunities in this segment.

Industrial Coatings:

Industrial coatings are applied to a wide range of substrates to provide protection against corrosion, abrasion, and weathering, making them vital for manufacturing and processing industries. The growing industrialization and need for protection against harsh chemicals and environments are driving the demand for industrial coatings embedded with biocides. These coatings not only ensure the longevity of equipment and structures but also contribute to operational efficiency by minimizing maintenance costs. As industries look for high-performance coatings to meet rigorous standards, the integration of biocides for microbial protection is likely to be a key trend, fostering growth in this application segment.

Marine Coatings:

Marine coatings are specifically formulated to withstand the harsh conditions of marine environments. The increasing number of vessels and shipping activities worldwide is driving the demand for effective marine coatings, which incorporate antifouling biocides to prevent marine growth. The need for fuel efficiency and reduced maintenance costs in the shipping industry is further propelling the use of these biocidal coatings. As regulatory frameworks evolve and impose stricter guidelines on harmful substances, manufacturers are focusing on developing sustainable marine coatings that fulfill both environmental and performance requirements, leading to growth in this segment.

Construction Coatings:

Construction coatings are applied to various surfaces during the construction process, providing protection and enhancing the aesthetic appeal of buildings. With rapid urbanization and infrastructure projects gaining momentum, the demand for construction coatings is witnessing significant growth. The incorporation of biocides in these coatings is essential to prevent microbial growth on surfaces during and after construction. This requirement is particularly critical in areas susceptible to moisture and humidity, where fungal and algal growth can occur. With the increased focus on quality and durability in construction, the demand for biocidal coatings is set to rise, presenting opportunities for market participants.

Others:

The ‘others’ category includes niche applications such as specialty coatings for automotive, aerospace, and furniture industries, which also require biocidal properties for enhanced performance. These applications may involve bespoke formulations designed to meet specific environmental or operational challenges. As industries evolve and focus on advanced materials with high durability and performance, the demand for coatings embedded with biocides is anticipated to grow. The trend towards customization in coatings formulations will support the growth of this segment, as manufacturers continue to address the unique requirements of various applications.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

The direct sales channel involves manufacturers selling their products directly to consumers or businesses, thereby establishing a close relationship between producer and buyer. This approach allows companies to gain direct feedback from customers, which can be crucial for product development and innovation. In the Paint and Coating Biocide market, direct sales are particularly beneficial for specialized products that require detailed technical knowledge and support. Furthermore, this channel often results in higher profit margins for manufacturers, as they can eliminate intermediaries and provide competitive pricing directly to their customers.

Distributors:

Distributors play a vital role in the Paint and Coating Biocide market by acting as intermediaries between manufacturers and end-users. They have established networks and expertise that facilitate the distribution of biocide products to a broader audience, including retailers and contractors. This segment is essential for reaching customers who may not be directly accessible through direct sales channels. Distributors also provide value-added services such as product training, technical support, and inventory management, which enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. The reliance on distributors is expected to grow as manufacturers seek to expand their market reach and enhance their service offerings.

Online Retail:

The online retail channel has gained significant traction in recent years, especially following the global shift towards e-commerce. Consumers increasingly prefer the convenience of purchasing paints and coatings, including biocides, online. This trend has led to the emergence of various e-commerce platforms that offer a wide range of products, making it easier for customers to compare brands, prices, and product specifications. The online retail channel provides manufacturers with an opportunity to reach a global audience, reduce operational costs, and expand their market presence without the need for physical storefronts. As digitalization continues to influence buying behaviors, the online retail segment is anticipated to grow rapidly within the Paint and Coating Biocide market.

By Ingredient Type

Copper-based Biocides:

Copper-based biocides are widely utilized in marine and industrial applications due to their effectiveness in preventing microbial growth. These compounds are favored for their strong antifouling properties and are often used in marine coatings to protect ships and offshore structures. However, the environmental impact of copper, particularly in aquatic ecosystems, has prompted increased scrutiny and regulation of its use. As such, manufacturers are focusing on developing formulations that balance efficacy with environmental safety. Innovations in copper-based biocides are anticipated to drive growth in this segment while adhering to stricter regulatory requirements.

Zinc-based Biocides:

Zinc-based biocides are known for their broad-spectrum effectiveness against various microorganisms and are commonly used in coatings for industrial and architectural applications. Their ability to inhibit microbial growth while providing excellent corrosion resistance makes them a preferred choice in many formulations. The increasing demand for durable coatings that can withstand harsh environments contributes to the growth of zinc-based biocides in the market. Furthermore, advancements in formulation technologies are allowing for the development of more efficient zinc-based biocides that comply with environmental regulations, thereby enhancing their market appeal.

Organosulfur Biocides:

Organosulfur biocides are gaining traction as an effective solution for preventing microbial growth in coatings due to their unique antimicrobial properties. They are particularly valued for their low toxicity and effectiveness against a broad spectrum of pathogens. These biocides are increasingly used in both architectural and industrial coatings, driven by the growing awareness of health and safety standards. As manufacturers seek to create formulations that are less harmful to the environment while maintaining performance, the use of organosulfur biocides is expected to increase, supporting their growth within the market.

Isothiazolinones:

Isothiazolinones are a class of biocides known for their potent antimicrobial activity and are widely used in paints and coatings to prevent microbial growth. Their versatility makes them suitable for various applications, including architectural and industrial coatings. The growing trend towards sustainable and eco-friendly products is driving manufacturers to incorporate isothiazolinones into their formulations, as these compounds are effective at low concentrations and can be used in conjunction with other biocides to achieve synergistic effects. The rising demand for high-performance coatings that do not compromise on safety is expected to bolster the use of isothiazolinones in the Paint and Coating Biocide market.

Others:

This category includes various biocide ingredients that do not fall under the previous classifications but are still crucial for specific applications. These may encompass naturally derived biocides or innovative synthetic compounds designed to meet specific performance specifications. As industries continue to explore new materials and formulations, the demand for a diverse range of biocide ingredients is expected to grow. Additionally, the increasing focus on sustainability and environmental compliance is fostering innovation within this segment, allowing for the development of novel biocidal solutions that cater to unique market needs.

By Region

The Paint and Coating Biocide market displays significant regional variance, heavily influenced by industrial activity, regulatory frameworks, and market demands. North America is poised to dominate this market, holding approximately 35% of the global share due to strict environmental regulations and high standards for product performance. The U.S. and Canada are leading contributors, fueled by their robust construction and manufacturing sectors. Furthermore, the region's focus on innovative and sustainable solutions is driving manufacturers to develop eco-friendly biocides that comply with evolving regulations. The CAGR for North America is projected to be around 5% during the forecast period, indicating a steady growth trend as the market adapts to these changes.

In contrast, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to experience the highest growth rate, with a CAGR of approximately 6.5% during the forecast period. This rapid expansion can be attributed to the booming construction industry in countries such as China and India, where urbanization and infrastructure development are at an all-time high. The increasing awareness of the importance of durable coatings and the rise of the manufacturing sector are further propelling the demand for biocidal products. Moreover, regulatory changes promoting the use of safer, more sustainable coatings are expected to create new opportunities in this region. The growth in the Asia Pacific market could potentially outpace other regions, as manufacturers strive to capitalize on the burgeoning demand for paints and coatings in this dynamic landscape.

Opportunities

The Paint and Coating Biocide market presents extensive opportunities driven by several emerging trends. One significant opportunity lies in the growing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable products, fueled by increasing consumer awareness and regulatory pressures. Manufacturers are now focusing on developing biodegradable and low-toxicity biocides that meet environmental standards without compromising performance. This shift towards sustainability opens up new avenues for product innovation, allowing companies to differentiate themselves in a competitive market. Additionally, the growing trend of smart coatings, which integrate biocidal properties with advanced technologies such as self-cleaning effects and enhanced durability, offers vast potential for market players to explore new product development strategies that cater to evolving consumer preferences.

Another area of opportunity is in emerging markets, where rapid urbanization and increasing disposable incomes are driving the demand for high-performance coatings. Regions like Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East are witnessing significant growth in construction and industrial activities, creating a robust demand for Paint and Coating Biocides. Companies that strategically position themselves to tap into these burgeoning markets can benefit from increased sales and market share. Moreover, partnerships and collaborations with local distributors can enhance market penetration and brand visibility in these regions. As industries evolve, the ability to adapt to regional trends and consumer preferences will be crucial for success in capitalizing on these market opportunities.

Threats

Despite the promising growth prospects in the Paint and Coating Biocide market, several threats could impede progress. One major concern is the increasing regulatory scrutiny surrounding the use of certain biocides, particularly those with harmful environmental impacts. Stricter regulations can lead to challenges for manufacturers, necessitating reformulations or the development of entirely new biocidal solutions that comply with safety standards. This regulatory pressure can strain resources and lead to increased costs for product development and compliance, potentially hindering innovation and slowing market growth. Additionally, the rising trend of consumers seeking completely natural or organic alternatives to traditional biocides may pose a challenge for conventional manufacturers, who must adapt to changing consumer preferences or risk losing market relevance.

Moreover, market competition is intensifying as new entrants and established players vie for market share. The growing presence of alternative biocide solutions could disrupt traditional market dynamics. Companies must be agile and proactive in addressing competitive pressures through research and development, marketing strategies, and customer engagement initiatives. Furthermore, fluctuations in raw material prices and supply chain disruptions due to geopolitical factors can threaten the stability of the market. To mitigate these risks, companies will need to enhance their supply chain management practices while maintaining the quality and performance of their products.

Competitor Outlook

• BASF SE
• The Dow Chemical Company
• AkzoNobel N.V.
• Huntsman Corporation
• Lonza Group AG
• Clariant AG
• Shaw Industries Group, Inc.
• Evonik Industries AG
• Wacker Chemie AG
• Rudolf GmbH
• FMC Corporation
• Biocides Switz AG
• International Paint Ltd.
• Albemarle Corporation
• Rohm and Haas Company

The Paint and Coating Biocide market is characterized by a competitive landscape where numerous players are vying for dominance. Major companies such as BASF SE, The Dow Chemical Company, and AkzoNobel N.V. hold significant market shares due to their extensive product portfolios and strong global presence. These companies leverage their research and development capabilities to innovate and offer advanced biocide solutions that meet industry demands. Furthermore, strategic acquisitions and partnerships are common among these players, aimed at enhancing their technological capabilities and expanding their market reach. For instance, BASF’s acquisition of specialized biocide manufacturers has enabled it to strengthen its position in the market while broadening its product offering.

Lonza Group AG and Clariant AG are also key players that focus on sustainability and environmentally friendly solutions. Their commitment to developing green biocides that comply with new regulations has positioned them favorably in a market that is increasingly prioritizing eco-conscious products. Both companies invest significantly in R&D to create innovative biocide formulations, emphasizing low toxicity and high efficacy. This strategic approach is helping them capture the growing market demand for sustainable coatings, thereby enhancing their competitive advantage.

Moreover, regional firms are emerging as significant contributors to the Paint and Coating Biocide market, capitalizing on local market dynamics and consumer preferences. Companies like Rudolf GmbH and Biocides Switz AG have established a strong foothold in Europe by catering to specific regional needs and regulatory requirements. These companies often focus on niche applications and tailor their products accordingly, allowing them to compete effectively against larger multinational corporations. As the market for Paint and Coating Biocides continues to evolve, the competitive landscape will likely witness further consolidation, innovation, and diversification, with both global and regional players striving to adapt to changing market conditions.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 BASF SE
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Clariant AG
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Rudolf GmbH
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 AkzoNobel N.V.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Lonza Group AG
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 FMC Corporation
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Wacker Chemie AG
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Biocides Switz AG
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Evonik Industries AG
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Huntsman Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Albemarle Corporation
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Rohm and Haas Company
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 International Paint Ltd.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 The Dow Chemical Company
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Shaw Industries Group, Inc.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Paint and Coating Biocide Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Architectural Coatings
    • 6.1.2 Industrial Coatings
    • 6.1.3 Marine Coatings
    • 6.1.4 Construction Coatings
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Paint and Coating Biocide Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Antifouling Biocides
    • 6.2.2 Antimicrobial Biocides
    • 6.2.3 Preservatives
    • 6.2.4 Dry Film Preservatives
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Paint and Coating Biocide Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Copper-based Biocides
    • 6.3.2 Zinc-based Biocides
    • 6.3.3 Organosulfur Biocides
    • 6.3.4 Isothiazolinones
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Paint and Coating Biocide Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributors
    • 6.4.3 Online Retail

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Paint and Coating Biocide Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Paint and Coating Biocide market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Antifouling Biocides
• Antimicrobial Biocides
• Preservatives
• Dry Film Preservatives
• Others

By Application

• Architectural Coatings
• Industrial Coatings
• Marine Coatings
• Construction Coatings
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Online Retail

By Ingredient Type

• Copper-based Biocides
• Zinc-based Biocides
• Organosulfur Biocides
• Isothiazolinones
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• BASF SE
• The Dow Chemical Company
• AkzoNobel N.V.
• Huntsman Corporation
• Lonza Group AG
• Clariant AG
• Shaw Industries Group, Inc.
• Evonik Industries AG
• Wacker Chemie AG
• Rudolf GmbH
• FMC Corporation
• Biocides Switz AG
• International Paint Ltd.
• Albemarle Corporation
• Rohm and Haas Company