Oilfield Drilling Fluids

Oilfield Drilling Fluids Market Outlook

The global Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is projected to reach a staggering USD 12.5 billion by 2035, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.8% during the forecast period of 2025-2035. This growth is primarily fueled by the increasing demand for energy resources, particularly in emerging economies where oil production is ramping up. Additionally, advancements in drilling technologies that enhance efficiency and reduce operational costs are further propelling market expansion. The rise in offshore drilling activities due to the depletion of onshore oil reserves is also contributing significantly to the demand for specialized drilling fluids. Moreover, the ongoing shift towards more environmentally sustainable drilling practices is encouraging the development of innovative fluid formulations that minimize ecological impact, thus driving the market forward.

Growth Factor of the Market

The Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is witnessing several growth factors that collectively contribute to its upward trajectory. A major catalyst is the increase in global energy consumption, which drives the exploration and production activities in the oil and gas sector. As countries strive to secure their energy independence, the demand for drilling fluids that facilitate efficient extraction processes is surging. Furthermore, the ongoing technological advancements in drilling techniques, such as horizontal and directional drilling, necessitate the use of specialized fluids that can provide better performance under complex geological conditions. The growing trend toward the development of eco-friendly drilling fluids aligns with the global push for sustainability and regulatory compliance. Enhanced safety measures and stringent regulations regarding drilling practices also create a need for advanced fluids that ensure operational safety and efficiency. Together, these factors are expected to significantly bolster the market's growth in the coming years.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2025 to 2035.
• Water-based drilling fluids are projected to hold a significant market share due to their cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness.
• Offshore drilling applications are expected to account for a substantial portion of the revenue, driven by increased exploration activities in deepwater regions.
• The demand for synthetic-based drilling fluids is on the rise due to their superior performance in extreme conditions.
• North America is anticipated to dominate the market, attributed to its extensive oil and gas infrastructure and exploration activities.

By Product Type

Water-Based Drilling Fluids:

Water-based drilling fluids are widely utilized in the oilfield drilling industry due to their cost-effectiveness and low environmental impact. These fluids primarily consist of water as a base, supplemented with various additives that enhance their properties for effective drilling operations. They are particularly favored for onshore drilling applications where environmental regulations are stringent. The ability of water-based fluids to maintain stability during drilling while preventing the collapse of boreholes makes them essential in many drilling projects. Moreover, advancements in formulations have led to the development of more effective water-based fluids that offer better lubrication and cooling properties, further increasing their adoption in various drilling scenarios.

Oil-Based Drilling Fluids:

Oil-based drilling fluids are recognized for their superior performance in challenging drilling conditions, especially in offshore applications. These fluids offer excellent lubricating properties and are capable of providing better hole stability compared to water-based alternatives. The hydrophobic nature of oil-based fluids makes them particularly useful in formations where water-based fluids may be prone to hydration or other issues. Additionally, oil-based fluids can effectively carry cuttings to the surface without causing significant formation damage. However, due to environmental concerns, the use of oil-based drilling fluids is subject to strict regulations, thus driving the innovation of more sustainable alternatives while still maintaining their effectiveness in demanding conditions.

Synthetic-Based Drilling Fluids:

Synthetic-based drilling fluids have gained traction in the oilfield drilling market due to their impressive performance and reduced environmental footprint. These fluids are engineered from synthetic hydrocarbons and are designed to provide the lubricating and cooling properties required for efficient drilling operations. They perform exceptionally well in extreme temperatures and pressure conditions, making them ideal for high-stakes offshore drilling projects. The low toxicity associated with synthetic fluids compared to traditional oil-based fluids makes them a more environmentally friendly option, thus appealing to companies striving for sustainability. Moreover, synthetic-based fluids can be tailored to meet specific drilling challenges, further enhancing their applicability in various fields.

Foam-Based Drilling Fluids:

Foam-based drilling fluids represent a unique category that combines the benefits of liquid and gas phases for effective drilling solutions. These fluids consist of a mixture of gas and liquid, creating a foam that provides both the necessary hydrostatic pressure and reduced density, which is advantageous in certain drilling conditions. Foam-based fluids are especially useful in drilling operations where there is a risk of wellbore instability or when drilling in depleted reservoirs. They help in minimizing fluid loss to the formation while also providing excellent cooling and lubrication properties. The versatility and efficiency of foam-based drilling fluids are leading to their increased adoption in both onshore and offshore drilling applications.

Invert Emulsion Fluids:

Invert emulsion fluids, which consist of water droplets dispersed in oil, are highly regarded for their superior performance in complex geological settings. These fluids offer exceptional lubrication and stability, making them suitable for challenging drilling environments. They are particularly effective in preventing wellbore collapse and managing fluid loss, which is essential for maintaining efficient drilling operations. Invert emulsion fluids also demonstrate excellent temperature stability, allowing for their use in high-temperature drilling scenarios. Despite their effectiveness, the use of invert emulsion fluids is tempered by environmental concerns, leading to ongoing research and development aimed at creating more eco-friendly formulations that do not compromise on performance.

By Application

Onshore Drilling:

The onshore drilling segment is a significant contributor to the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market, driven by extensive exploration activities across various regions. With the majority of the world's oil and gas reserves located on land, onshore drilling remains a primary focus for energy companies. The demand for effective drilling fluids in this sector is crucial for optimizing extraction processes and minimizing environmental impacts. Additionally, the increasing number of drilling rigs and the need for efficient fluid management systems are boosting the utilization of specialized drilling fluids tailored for onshore operations. The trend towards automation and advanced drilling technologies is also influencing the development of more sophisticated drilling fluid formulations that enhance performance and sustainability.

Offshore Drilling:

Offshore drilling is a rapidly growing segment of the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market, largely due to the increasing demand for oil and gas from deepwater and ultra-deepwater reserves. As onshore resources become depleted, energy companies are shifting their focus to the exploration of offshore fields, which require highly specialized drilling fluids to address the unique challenges posed by marine environments. Offshore drilling operations often contend with extreme conditions, necessitating the use of fluids that provide excellent thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and environmental safety. The rise of advanced drilling technologies, such as subsea systems, is further propelling the demand for innovative drilling fluids that can ensure operational efficiency and safety in the offshore sector.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales channels play a crucial role in the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market, allowing manufacturers to engage directly with end-users such as drilling companies and service providers. This approach facilitates a better understanding of customer needs and enables the provision of tailored solutions. Direct sales also foster strong relationships between manufacturers and clients, leading to increased customer loyalty and repeat business. Furthermore, this distribution method allows for quicker response times regarding product availability and technical support, which are vital in the fast-paced oilfield operations. As the market continues to evolve, direct sales are anticipated to remain significant in delivering specialized products to meet the dynamic demands of the drilling industry.

Distributor Sales:

Distributor sales represent a vital segment of the Oilfield Drilling Fluids distribution network, providing manufacturers with extensive reach across various geographic locations. Distributors play an essential role in supplying drilling fluids to drilling contractors and operators, ensuring that they have access to the necessary products to maintain operations. This distribution channel is particularly advantageous for manufacturers looking to expand their market presence without investing heavily in regional infrastructure. Distributors often have established relationships within the oil and gas sector, enabling them to effectively promote and distribute drilling fluids tailored to specific market needs. The growth of the oilfield drilling industry is expected to further solidify the importance of distributor sales in ensuring timely product availability and service support.

Online Sales:

Online sales channels are increasingly becoming a significant aspect of the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market, driven by the digital transformation of various industries. E-commerce platforms allow manufacturers to reach a broader audience and streamline the purchasing process for clients, enabling them to access drilling fluids from anywhere in the world. This channel provides the advantage of convenience and accessibility, allowing customers to compare products, read reviews, and make informed decisions quickly. Additionally, online sales platforms often provide real-time inventory updates, ensuring that customers can obtain the required fluids without delays. As the trend towards digitization continues to grow within the oil and gas sector, online sales are projected to play an increasingly influential role in the distribution of drilling fluids.

By Ingredient Type

Clay:

Clay is one of the most commonly used ingredients in oilfield drilling fluids, primarily due to its ability to provide viscosity and stabilize the wellbore during drilling operations. Various types of clay, such as bentonite and kaolin, serve different purposes in drilling fluid formulations. Bentonite, in particular, is valued for its swelling properties, which help maintain wellbore stability by preventing collapse. The use of clay in drilling fluids also aids in the suspension of cuttings and enhances the overall fluid performance. As drilling technologies evolve, the demand for high-quality clay and its derivatives is expected to remain strong, highlighting the importance of this ingredient in effective drilling fluid formulations.

Barite:

Barite is another critical ingredient in the formulation of oilfield drilling fluids, primarily utilized as a weighting agent to control the density of the fluid. Maintaining appropriate density is vital for preventing blowouts and ensuring safety during drilling operations. Barite helps stabilize the drilling fluid and allows it to carry cuttings to the surface effectively. The demand for barite has seen a steady increase due to its essential role in both onshore and offshore drilling applications. Furthermore, with the ongoing exploration of deeper and more challenging reservoirs, the need for high-density drilling fluids containing barite is likely to continue growing, underscoring its importance in the oilfield drilling fluids market.

Polymers:

Polymers are increasingly being incorporated into oilfield drilling fluids to enhance their performance characteristics. They serve multiple functions, including improving viscosity, reducing fluid loss, and providing better lubrication during drilling operations. The use of polymers allows for greater control over fluid properties, enabling customization based on specific drilling conditions. As environmental regulations tighten, the development of biodegradable and eco-friendly polymer-based drilling fluids is gaining traction, appealing to companies focused on sustainability. The versatility and effectiveness of polymers in drilling fluid formulations position them as essential ingredients that are likely to see sustained demand in the evolving oilfield drilling landscape.

Surfactants:

Surfactants play a vital role in oilfield drilling fluids by aiding in the emulsification process and enhancing the fluid's overall performance. They help in reducing interfacial tension between different phases, enabling better mixing of oil and water in various fluid formulations. The incorporation of surfactants can lead to improved stability of drilling fluids, especially in challenging environments. Additionally, surfactants can assist in controlling fluid loss and enhancing the ability of the drilling fluid to suspend cuttings. As the industry continues to evolve, the demand for advanced surfactant formulations that offer superior performance while being environmentally responsible is expected to grow, highlighting their significance in the oilfield drilling fluids market.

Lubricants:

Lubricants are essential additives in oilfield drilling fluids, providing critical benefits that enhance drilling efficiency and minimize wear on drilling equipment. The incorporation of lubricants helps reduce friction between the drill bit and the formation, leading to smoother drilling operations and extending the lifespan of drilling components. Various types of lubricants are utilized in drilling fluids, including both synthetic and natural options, each chosen based on specific drilling conditions. As the demand for high-performance drilling fluids increases, the need for effective lubricants that can operate under extreme temperature and pressure conditions is also rising. The focus on minimizing environmental impact is driving innovation in lubricant formulations, leading to the development of more sustainable options in the market.

By Region

The Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is experiencing notable growth across various regions, with North America leading the charge due to its robust oil and gas infrastructure. The North American region is expected to account for a significant share of the market, driven by ongoing exploration activities in shale oil and gas plays. The region's advanced drilling technologies and practices further bolster the demand for specialized drilling fluids, contributing to an expected CAGR of 6.1% during the forecast period. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is also witnessing a surge in drilling activities, particularly in countries like China and India, where increasing energy demands are prompting investments in oil and gas exploration, enhancing the market landscape.

In Europe, the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is steadily growing, with key players focusing on offshore drilling projects in the North Sea and Mediterranean regions. The European market is characterized by stringent environmental regulations, leading to a demand for eco-friendly drilling fluid formulations. Latin America is another emerging market, driven by the exploration of offshore reserves in countries like Brazil and Mexico. The Middle East & Africa region is expected to maintain steady growth due to its vast oil reserves and ongoing investments in exploration and production activities. As the global energy landscape continues to evolve, the regional dynamics of the oilfield drilling fluids market will play a crucial role in shaping industry trends.

Opportunities

The Oilfield Drilling Fluids market presents a plethora of opportunities, particularly in the realm of technological advancements and sustainable practices. The ongoing development of hybrid and environmentally friendly drilling fluid formulations is poised to capture significant market interest, driven by the increasing regulatory focus on sustainability and environmental impact. Companies that invest in research and development to create innovative fluid technologies that meet these demands will likely gain a competitive edge. Furthermore, the growing trend of automation and digitalization in drilling operations opens up avenues for smart drilling fluids that can adapt to real-time conditions, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and safety. As the oil and gas industry continues to evolve, the integration of advanced technologies with drilling fluid applications presents a promising frontier for growth.

Moreover, the expansion of drilling activities in untapped regions, such as the Arctic and deepwater locations, provides significant prospects for the oilfield drilling fluids market. These challenging environments require specialized fluids that can withstand extreme conditions while maintaining performance. Companies that can leverage their expertise to deliver tailored solutions for these unique applications will find ample opportunities for growth. Additionally, strategic partnerships and collaborations with oil and gas operators can facilitate access to new markets and enhance product offerings, further driving the demand for innovative drilling fluids. Recognizing and capitalizing on these opportunities will be crucial for stakeholders in the market looking to establish themselves and thrive in an increasingly dynamic landscape.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market, several threats could pose challenges to its growth. One significant threat stems from fluctuating oil prices, which can affect the overall investment in exploration and production activities. When oil prices dip, operators may reduce their drilling operations, leading to decreased demand for drilling fluids. Additionally, the volatility in global supply chains, exacerbated by geopolitical tensions and trade disputes, can disrupt the availability and cost of raw materials needed for drilling fluid formulations. These supply chain challenges may compel manufacturers to reevaluate their pricing strategies and sourcing options to maintain competitiveness in the market.

Another potential threat is the increasing regulatory pressures regarding environmental protection and sustainability practices. Stricter regulations may lead to higher compliance costs for drilling fluid manufacturers, necessitating investment in research and development to create eco-friendly products. Failure to adapt to these regulatory changes can result in penalties and reputational damage for companies that do not prioritize sustainability. Furthermore, the advent of alternative energy sources and technologies could also pose a long-term threat to the traditional oil and gas industry, thereby impacting the demand for oilfield drilling fluids. Companies must remain vigilant and adaptable to navigate these threats effectively in the evolving market landscape.

Competitor Outlook

• Halliburton Company
• Baker Hughes Company
• Schlumberger Limited
• National Oilwell Varco, Inc.
• Newpark Resources, Inc.
• Weatherford International plc
• China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC)
• Royal Dutch Shell plc
• Chevron Corporation
• ExxonMobil Corporation
• Olin Corporation
• Antelope Oil Tool Corporation
• MI-SWACO
• Berkshire Hathaway Energy
• Superior Energy Services, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is characterized by several key players who dominate the industry through strategic partnerships, technological innovations, and comprehensive product offerings. Companies like Halliburton, Schlumberger, and Baker Hughes stand out due to their extensive experience and established presence in the oil and gas sector. Their diversified portfolios of drilling fluids and service offerings position them well to capture a significant share of the growing market. These major players are continually investing in research and development to enhance their product formulations, focusing on sustainability and performance to meet the evolving needs of the industry.

Moreover, many of these companies are engaging in strategic collaborations and mergers to expand their market reach and enhance their competitive advantage. For instance, Halliburton's partnership with various oil and gas operators has enabled it to develop tailored solutions that align with specific drilling challenges. Meanwhile, Baker Hughes is at the forefront of incorporating digital technologies into its drilling fluid solutions, allowing for smarter and more efficient operations. As the industry transitions towards more sustainable practices, these companies are also adapting their strategies to include eco-friendly product lines, which are increasingly being demanded by clients in light of stricter environmental regulations.

Additionally, smaller and emerging players are making their mark by providing innovative and niche products that cater to specific market segments. Companies such as Newpark Resources and Antelope Oil Tool Corporation, for instance, are focusing on specialized drilling fluids that offer enhanced performance in unconventional drilling applications. Their agility and willingness to adopt cutting-edge technologies enable them to compete effectively with larger firms. As the Oilfield Drilling Fluids market matures, the competitive dynamics among both established giants and emerging players will shape the future direction of the industry.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 MI-SWACO
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Olin Corporation
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Chevron Corporation
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Halliburton Company
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Baker Hughes Company
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Schlumberger Limited
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Royal Dutch Shell plc
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 ExxonMobil Corporation
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Newpark Resources, Inc.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Berkshire Hathaway Energy
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 National Oilwell Varco, Inc.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Antelope Oil Tool Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Weatherford International plc
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Superior Energy Services, Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC)
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Oilfield Drilling Fluids Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Onshore Drilling
    • 6.1.2 Offshore Drilling
  • 6.2 Oilfield Drilling Fluids Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Water-Based Drilling Fluids
    • 6.2.2 Oil-Based Drilling Fluids
    • 6.2.3 Synthetic-Based Drilling Fluids
    • 6.2.4 Foam-Based Drilling Fluids
    • 6.2.5 Invert Emulsion Fluids
  • 6.3 Oilfield Drilling Fluids Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Clay
    • 6.3.2 Barite
    • 6.3.3 Polymers
    • 6.3.4 Surfactants
    • 6.3.5 Lubricants
  • 6.4 Oilfield Drilling Fluids Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributor Sales
    • 6.4.3 Online Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Oilfield Drilling Fluids Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Oilfield Drilling Fluids market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Water-Based Drilling Fluids
• Oil-Based Drilling Fluids
• Synthetic-Based Drilling Fluids
• Foam-Based Drilling Fluids
• Invert Emulsion Fluids

By Application

• Onshore Drilling
• Offshore Drilling

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributor Sales
• Online Sales

By Ingredient Type

• Clay
• Barite
• Polymers
• Surfactants
• Lubricants

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Halliburton Company
• Baker Hughes Company
• Schlumberger Limited
• National Oilwell Varco, Inc.
• Newpark Resources, Inc.
• Weatherford International plc
• China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC)
• Royal Dutch Shell plc
• Chevron Corporation
• ExxonMobil Corporation
• Olin Corporation
• Antelope Oil Tool Corporation
• MI-SWACO
• Berkshire Hathaway Energy
• Superior Energy Services, Inc.