Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales

Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales Market Outlook

The global Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) Monomer market has been valued at approximately USD 6 billion in 2023, and it is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 6% from 2025 to 2035. This growth can be attributed to the increased demand for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in various end-use applications, including construction, automotive, and electronics. Furthermore, the rising trend of lightweight materials in automotive manufacturing is expected to drive the market for MMA monomers significantly in the coming years. The ongoing research and development activities aimed at enhancing the properties of MMA products, coupled with the expanding application scope in adhesives and coatings, are other critical factors contributing to market growth. Additionally, environmental concerns and the push for sustainable and eco-friendly products are steering innovations in the MMA industry, further propelling its expansion.

Growth Factor of the Market

The Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market is experiencing robust growth due to several interlinked factors. One of the primary drivers is the increasing adoption of PMMA in the automotive and construction sectors, where its properties, such as transparency and impact resistance, are highly valued. As manufacturers seek to produce lighter and more durable components, MMA becomes essential for creating high-performance polymers. Additionally, the ongoing urbanization across emerging economies has led to an uptick in construction activities, which amplifies the demand for MMA-based materials for architectural applications. The escalating healthcare sector also plays a crucial role, as MMA is extensively utilized in the production of dental products and medical devices. Furthermore, the advent of advanced manufacturing techniques, including 3D printing, is opening new avenues for MMA applications, fueling market growth. The trend toward sustainable and eco-friendly solutions is reinforcing the development of bio-based MMA alternatives, catering to the growing consumer demand for greener products.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market is expected to witness a CAGR of around 6% from 2025 to 2035.
• Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) is the dominant application area for MMA monomers, driven by its extensive use in various industries.
• Direct sales are the most preferred distribution channel, facilitating stronger relationships between manufacturers and end-users.
• Asia Pacific is anticipated to be the fastest-growing region, propelled by rapid industrialization and urbanization.
• The emergence of bio-based MMA alternatives is gaining traction, presenting opportunities for sustainable growth.

By Product Type

General Grade MMA Monomer:

The General Grade MMA Monomer is the most commonly used variant in the market, primarily due to its versatility and cost-effectiveness. This type of MMA is widely employed in the production of various polymers, adhesives, and coatings, catering to multiple industries, including automotive, construction, and electronics. Its favorable properties, such as excellent transparency and resistance to UV light and weathering, make it a preferred choice in applications demanding durability and aesthetic appeal. The growing demand for general-grade MMA in developing regions, driven by increasing industrial activities, further fuels its market growth. Manufacturers are also focusing on enhancing the quality and performance of general-grade MMA to meet evolving industry standards and specifications, contributing to its sustained relevance in the market.

Optical Grade MMA Monomer:

Optical Grade MMA Monomer is specifically designed for applications requiring high optical clarity and transparency. This type of MMA is critical in the production of optical lenses, displays, and lighting fixtures, where performance specifications are stringent. The demand for optical-grade MMA is largely driven by the electronics and automotive sectors, where components need to meet aesthetic and functional requirements. As technology advances, there is a growing preference for lightweight and durable materials, further boosting the demand for optical-grade MMA. Manufacturers are investing in R&D to develop superior quality products that meet international standards, ensuring a competitive edge in this niche market segment. The increasing emphasis on innovative applications in the eyewear and illumination industries also presents significant growth opportunities for optical-grade MMA monomers.

Coating Grade MMA Monomer:

Coating Grade MMA Monomer is primarily utilized in the formulation of paints, varnishes, and surface coatings due to its superior adhesion properties and weather resistance. This type of MMA is essential for industries that require protective coatings to enhance the durability and lifespan of products. The rising demand for high-performance coatings in the automotive sector, coupled with the growth of the construction industry, significantly contributes to the expansion of the coating-grade MMA segment. As environmental regulations tighten, there is an increasing shift towards eco-friendly and low-VOC coatings, which further accelerates the demand for coating-grade MMA. Companies are focusing on the development of innovative formulations to cater to market needs, ensuring a sustainable approach to coating solutions. This strategic direction aligns with the industry's move towards greener products, thus augmenting the coating-grade MMA segment's presence in the market.

Adhesive Grade MMA Monomer:

Adhesive Grade MMA Monomer is integral to the production of high-performance adhesives used in various sectors, including automotive, construction, and packaging. The robust adhesive properties of MMA make it suitable for bonding different materials, offering excellent durability and resistance to environmental factors. The increasing need for reliable bonding solutions in manufacturing processes significantly propels the growth of this segment. Adhesive applications often demand specific performance criteria, such as rapid curing and flexibility, prompting manufacturers to innovate and enhance the quality of adhesive-grade MMA formulations. The rise in e-commerce and the demand for packaging solutions also contribute to the escalating need for adhesive-grade MMA in the packaging industry. Overall, the adhesive-grade segment is poised for growth, driven by advancements in adhesive technology and an expanding range of applications.

Others:

The others segment in the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market encompasses various specialized grades of MMA, including those tailored for niche applications. These grades often possess unique properties that cater to specific industrial needs, such as high-temperature resistance, specialized thermal stability, or enhanced chemical resistance. The demand for these specialty grades is on the rise as industries seek tailored solutions to meet stringent performance criteria. Research and development efforts are continually focused on innovating new MMA formulations to address emerging market trends and consumer preferences. The adaptability and customizability of these MMA grades make them valuable to various sectors, including aerospace, electronics, and medical devices. As industries evolve and the demand for specialized materials increases, the others segment is expected to grow, driven by innovation and diversification in MMA applications.

By Application

Polymethyl Methacrylate Production:

The production of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) is one of the predominant applications of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer. PMMA is favored for its transparent properties and excellent resistance to UV light and impact, making it suitable for a wide array of applications, including signage, display cases, and automotive parts. The rising demand for lightweight and durable materials, particularly in the automotive and construction industries, is significantly propelling the growth of PMMA production. Furthermore, with the ongoing urbanization trends and increasing infrastructure developments, the need for PMMA is expected to rise. Innovations in PMMA technologies, such as the development of more environmentally friendly production processes, are also enhancing the attractiveness of this application. The versatility of PMMA enables its use in various decorative and functional applications, ensuring a steady demand for Methyl Methacrylate Monomer in this segment.

Surface Coatings:

Surface coatings are another significant application for Methyl Methacrylate Monomer, utilized for their protective and aesthetic benefits. MMA-based coatings are widely used in automotive finishes, industrial coatings, and decorative paints due to their excellent adhesion, durability, and resistance to chipping and fading. The growth of the automotive industry, along with the increasing demand for high-quality decorative and functional coatings in construction, is propelling the surface coatings segment. The trend towards eco-friendly and low-VOC coatings is driving innovation within this application area, pushing manufacturers to develop MMA formulations that meet stringent environmental regulations. Advances in coating technology, such as the introduction of smart coatings, further enhance the potential for MMA-based surface coatings, ensuring they remain at the forefront of the coatings market. Overall, the increasing awareness of the benefits of high-performance coatings is expected to sustain growth in the surface coatings application segment.

Adhesives:

Adhesives made from Methyl Methacrylate Monomer are integral to various industries, providing strong and durable bonding solutions. The demand for MMA-based adhesives is expanding, driven by their superior strength, flexibility, and resistance to environmental factors. These adhesives are widely used in the automotive sector for assembling parts and components, as well as in construction for bonding different materials. The rise in e-commerce and the need for reliable packaging solutions also contribute to the growing demand for MMA adhesives in the packaging industry. Additionally, the trend towards sustainable and eco-friendly adhesives is prompting manufacturers to develop formulations that align with environmental regulations. The continuous advancements in adhesive technologies and the increasing range of applications for MMA-based adhesives are fostering substantial growth within this segment, making it a crucial aspect of the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market.

Dental Products:

The utilization of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer in dental products is a niche yet important application area that is witnessing a surge in demand. MMA is commonly used in the production of dental resins, denture bases, and orthodontic appliances due to its excellent aesthetics and biocompatibility. The growing dental care market, driven by an increase in dental disorders and an aging population, is significantly contributing to the demand for MMA in this sector. Innovations in dental materials, such as the development of more durable and aesthetically pleasing products, are enhancing the attractiveness of MMA-based dental applications. Moreover, the rising awareness of dental hygiene and the increasing prevalence of cosmetic dentistry are further propelling growth in this segment. The continuous advancements in dental technology and materials are expected to sustain the demand for Methyl Methacrylate Monomer in the dental products application area.

Others:

The others segment in the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market includes a variety of applications that do not fall within the primary categories. This encompasses specialized uses in fields such as electronics, aerospace, and medical devices, where unique characteristics of MMA are leveraged. The versatility of MMA allows it to be adapted for specific applications, expanding its applicability across diverse industries. The increasing emphasis on lightweight materials and innovative solutions is driving demand in these niche markets. Research and development activities aimed at exploring new applications and improving the properties of MMA are also contributing to growth in this segment. As industries evolve and consumer demands shift, the others segment is expected to expand, showcasing the adaptability and potential of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer for future applications.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales play a significant role in the distribution of Methyl Methacrylate Monomer, allowing manufacturers to establish a direct relationship with their customers. This distribution channel enables manufacturers to understand consumer needs better, provide tailored solutions, and enhance customer satisfaction. Direct sales are particularly prevalent in industries where quality and performance specifications are paramount, such as the automotive and construction sectors. By eliminating intermediaries, manufacturers can ensure competitive pricing and maintain better control over their product quality. Additionally, direct sales facilitate effective communication between manufacturers and end-users, allowing for prompt feedback and improvements in product offerings. As the demand for customized solutions grows, the importance of direct sales as a distribution channel for MMA is expected to increase, providing manufacturers with a strategic advantage in the market.

Distributors:

The distributor channel plays a vital role in the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market by providing manufacturers with broader market access and enhancing product availability. Distributors often have established networks and logistics capabilities, allowing them to efficiently reach various customer segments across different regions. This channel is especially beneficial for smaller manufacturers who may not possess the resources to manage extensive distribution themselves. Distributors can also provide valuable market insights and customer feedback, facilitating better alignment of products with market demands. The trend toward consolidation in the distribution sector is likely to enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of MMA distribution, ensuring that end-users have reliable access to quality products. As the market continues to grow, the distributor channel will remain a crucial aspect of the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer supply chain.

By Region

The regional analysis of the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market reveals significant growth prospects, particularly in Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe. In Asia Pacific, the market is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 7% during the forecast period due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. Countries such as China and India are witnessing increased demand for MMA in construction, automotive, and electronics sectors. This surge in demand is complemented by substantial investments in infrastructure and housing projects, making Asia Pacific a key player in the MMA market. In North America, the market is valued at approximately USD 2 billion, driven by technological advancements and the demand for high-performance materials in the automotive and construction industries. The region's focus on sustainability and the shift towards eco-friendly products also contribute to market growth.

In Europe, the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market is experiencing steady growth due to the presence of established automotive and manufacturing industries. The region's emphasis on research and development, coupled with stringent environmental regulations, is fostering innovation in MMA applications. The market in Europe is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 5% over the forecast period. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are emerging markets for MMA, with increasing investments in infrastructure and industrialization driving growth. However, these regions currently represent a smaller share of the overall market compared to North America and Europe. Overall, the regional dynamics of the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market indicate a promising outlook, with Asia Pacific poised to lead in terms of growth and demand.

Opportunities

As the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market continues to expand, numerous opportunities are emerging for players in the industry. One of the most significant opportunities lies in the development of bio-based MMA alternatives, driven by the increasing consumer demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly products. With growing awareness of environmental issues, manufacturers have the potential to capitalize on this trend by investing in research and development to create greener MMA options. Additionally, exploring partnerships and collaborations with organizations focused on sustainability can enhance market reach and product appeal. The rising interest in lightweight materials in the automotive sector further presents opportunities for MMA applications, as manufacturers seek to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. With the ongoing advancements in technology and materials science, new applications for MMA are continually being discovered, enabling companies to expand their product lines and meet diverse customer needs.

Furthermore, the increasing investments in infrastructure and construction projects in developing regions present a substantial market opportunity. As urbanization accelerates, the demand for durable and high-performance materials is expected to rise, positioning MMA as a preferred choice in various applications. Companies that strategically expand their operations in these emerging markets can capitalize on the growing demand for MMA products. Additionally, advancements in manufacturing processes that enhance the efficiency and quality of MMA production can create a competitive advantage in the marketplace. As industries evolve and consumer preferences shift, the ability to innovate and adapt will be crucial for players seeking to maximize their opportunities in the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market.

Threats

Despite the growth potential of the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market, several threats could impede its progress. One of the most pressing threats is the volatility of raw material prices, which can significantly impact production costs and profit margins for manufacturers. Fluctuations in the prices of key feedstocks, such as acetone and propylene, may lead to increased operational expenses, ultimately affecting pricing strategies and market competitiveness. Furthermore, the emergence of alternative materials, such as polycarbonate and glass, which can serve similar functions as MMA, poses a challenge to the market. As industries increasingly seek innovative and cost-effective solutions, the adoption of these alternatives may limit the growth potential for MMA products. Additionally, stringent regulatory requirements related to environmental sustainability and chemical safety can impose restrictions on the manufacturing processes and formulation of MMA products, adding to compliance costs for companies operating in the market.

Moreover, the global economic uncertainties and geopolitical tensions could hinder market growth, particularly in regions reliant on international trade. Disruptions in supply chains and trade agreements may affect the availability of raw materials and finished products, complicating market dynamics. Companies must navigate these challenges effectively to remain competitive and sustain growth in the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market. Continual monitoring of market trends, regulatory developments, and competitive actions will be essential for identifying potential threats and developing strategies to mitigate risks.

Competitor Outlook

• BASF SE
• Evonik Industries AG
• Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
• Lucite International Group Limited
• LG Chem Ltd.
• Dow Chemical Company
• Hexion Inc.
• ExxonMobil Chemical Company
• Repsol S.A.
• Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
• SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation)
• Formosa Plastics Corporation
• Trinseo S.A.
• Solvay S.A.
• Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.

The competitive landscape of the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market is characterized by the presence of several key players vying for market share through a combination of product innovation, strategic partnerships, and geographical expansion. Leading companies such as BASF SE and Evonik Industries AG are at the forefront of the market, leveraging their extensive expertise in chemical manufacturing to develop high-quality MMA products that cater to diverse applications. These companies are also investing significantly in research and development to explore new formulations and improve the efficiency of their production processes, ensuring they remain competitive in a rapidly evolving market. Additionally, partnerships and collaborations with regional distributors and suppliers are crucial for enhancing market reach and customer engagement, allowing these companies to tap into emerging markets and meet growing demands effectively.

Moreover, companies like Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and Lucite International Group Limited are focusing on sustainability initiatives and eco-friendly product offerings to align with changing consumer preferences. The push towards greener and more sustainable manufacturing practices is prompting these players to innovate and develop bio-based MMA alternatives, positioning them favorably in the market. Their commitment to sustainability not only enhances brand reputation but also opens new avenues for growth in the expanding eco-friendly segment. Additionally, the adoption of advanced manufacturing technologies is enabling these companies to optimize their production processes, reduce costs, and improve product quality, further solidifying their competitive advantage in the market.

As the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market continues to evolve, companies like Dow Chemical Company and Hexion Inc. are exploring strategic acquisitions and mergers to enhance their product portfolios and expand their geographical presence. By acquiring smaller players or complementary businesses, these companies can leverage synergies to strengthen their market position and drive growth. Investments in emerging markets, particularly in Asia Pacific and Latin America, are also a focus area for these companies, as they seek to capitalize on the increasing demand for MMA products in rapidly developing regions. The competitive landscape is dynamic, and companies that prioritize innovation, sustainability, and strategic growth initiatives will be well-positioned to thrive in the Methyl Methacrylate Monomer market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 BASF SE
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Hexion Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Repsol S.A.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Solvay S.A.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 LG Chem Ltd.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Trinseo S.A.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Dow Chemical Company
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Evonik Industries AG
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 ExxonMobil Chemical Company
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Formosa Plastics Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Lucite International Group Limited
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation)
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Polymethyl Methacrylate Production
    • 6.1.2 Surface Coatings
    • 6.1.3 Adhesives
    • 6.1.4 Dental Products
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 General Grade MMA Monomer
    • 6.2.2 Optical Grade MMA Monomer
    • 6.2.3 Coating Grade MMA Monomer
    • 6.2.4 Adhesive Grade MMA Monomer
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.3.2 Distributors

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Methyl Methacrylate Monomer Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• General Grade MMA Monomer
• Optical Grade MMA Monomer
• Coating Grade MMA Monomer
• Adhesive Grade MMA Monomer
• Others

By Application

• Polymethyl Methacrylate Production
• Surface Coatings
• Adhesives
• Dental Products
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• BASF SE
• Evonik Industries AG
• Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
• Lucite International Group Limited
• LG Chem Ltd.
• Dow Chemical Company
• Hexion Inc.
• ExxonMobil Chemical Company
• Repsol S.A.
• Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
• SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation)
• Formosa Plastics Corporation
• Trinseo S.A.
• Solvay S.A.
• Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.