Lithium ion Batteries for Automotive

Lithium Ion Batteries for Automotive Market Outlook

The global lithium-ion batteries market for automotive applications is anticipated to reach approximately USD 100 billion by 2025, exhibiting a remarkable compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 20% from 2025 to 2035. This growth is driven by the increasing demand for electric and hybrid vehicles, which are becoming increasingly popular due to their environmental benefits and advancements in battery technology. Moreover, government initiatives promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and stringent regulations regarding carbon emissions are further propelling the market forward. The automotive industry's transition from traditional internal combustion engines to electric propulsion systems is a significant factor contributing to this rapid growth. Additionally, innovations in lithium-ion battery technology, such as improvements in energy density, charging time, and lifespan, are enhancing the performance of electric vehicles, boosting their appeal among consumers.

Growth Factor of the Market

The lithium-ion battery market for automotive applications is primarily driven by several key factors. First and foremost, the increasing consumer preference for sustainable and eco-friendly transportation solutions is pushing automotive manufacturers to invest heavily in electric vehicle technology. Additionally, the reduction in costs associated with lithium-ion battery production has made electric vehicles more accessible to a broader demographic. Technological advancements are also playing a crucial role, as improved battery chemistry and design are leading to batteries that offer higher energy efficiency and faster charging times. Furthermore, the growing infrastructure for electric vehicle charging, coupled with the expansion of renewable energy sources, is creating a more favorable environment for the adoption of electric vehicles, thereby driving demand for lithium-ion batteries. Lastly, the strategic partnerships and collaborations among key players in the automotive and energy sectors are facilitating research and development, leading to innovative battery solutions that cater to the unique needs of the automotive market.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The lithium-ion battery market for automotive applications is projected to grow at a CAGR of 20% from 2025 to 2035.
• Advancements in battery technology are enhancing energy density and reducing charging times.
• Government regulations and incentives are accelerating the shift towards electric vehicles.
• Strategic partnerships among automotive manufacturers and battery producers are driving innovation.
• Cost reductions in battery production are making electric vehicles more affordable to consumers.

By Product Type

Lithium Cobalt Oxide:

Lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) is one of the most commonly used cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries, particularly for consumer electronics. However, its application in automotive batteries is gaining traction due to its high energy density and stable performance. LCO batteries are known for their ability to deliver a significant amount of energy in a compact size, making them suitable for electric vehicles that require lightweight and efficient energy storage solutions. Despite their advantages, LCO batteries have limitations in terms of thermal stability and cost, leading manufacturers to explore alternatives that can meet the demands of the automotive sector. As the automotive industry continues to seek enhanced battery technologies, LCO's role may evolve, potentially integrating with other chemistries to optimize performance and safety.

Lithium Iron Phosphate:

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are becoming increasingly popular for automotive applications, particularly in electric buses and commercial vehicles. Their unique chemical composition provides excellent thermal stability and safety, reducing the risk of overheating and fire hazards. LFP batteries also offer a longer cycle life compared to other lithium-ion chemistries, making them ideal for heavy-duty applications where longevity is critical. While the energy density of LFP batteries is lower than that of other lithium-ion types, their cost-effectiveness and safety features are driving their adoption in the automotive market. As the demand for electric public transportation and commercial fleets rises, LFP batteries are expected to play a significant role in shaping the future of automotive energy storage.

Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt:

Lithium nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) batteries are gaining traction in the automotive sector due to their balanced performance characteristics, combining high energy density with enhanced thermal stability. This makes NMC batteries suitable for various electric vehicles, including both passenger cars and larger commercial vehicles. The versatility of NMC chemistries allows for customization based on specific applications, enabling manufacturers to optimize performance for different vehicle requirements. Moreover, NMC batteries are often used in conjunction with other chemistries to achieve desirable efficiency and safety levels. As the demand for electric vehicles continues to grow, NMC batteries are expected to gain a more prominent position in the automotive lithium-ion battery market.

Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide:

Lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) batteries are known for their high energy density and superior performance, making them a favored choice among premium electric vehicle manufacturers. NCA batteries provide a longer driving range on a single charge, which is a crucial factor for consumers considering electric vehicles. Their application in high-performance electric vehicles is largely due to their ability to deliver substantial power and sustain high discharge rates. Additionally, NCA batteries have shown significant improvements in thermal stability, which enhances safety during operation. As automakers shift towards producing more advanced electric vehicles, the demand for NCA batteries is expected to increase significantly, further driving growth in the automotive lithium-ion battery market.

Lithium Titanate Oxide:

Lithium titanate oxide (LTO) batteries are distinct in their rapid charging capabilities and long cycle life, making them an attractive option for specific automotive applications, particularly in scenarios where quick energy replenishment is crucial. Though LTO batteries have a lower energy density compared to other lithium-ion chemistries, their superior safety profile and durability make them suitable for electric buses and other commercial vehicles that operate under demanding conditions. The ability to charge in minutes instead of hours makes LTO batteries ideal for applications where downtime must be minimized. As the automotive industry increasingly embraces electric mobility solutions, LTO batteries are likely to find their niche in applications that prioritize rapid charging and operational efficiency.

By Application

Automotive:

The automotive segment holds a significant share of the lithium-ion battery market, serving as a cornerstone for the growing electric vehicle industry. As consumer demand shifts towards more sustainable transportation options, automotive manufacturers are investing heavily in lithium-ion battery technology to enhance the performance and range of electric and hybrid vehicles. The integration of advanced battery management systems and innovative thermal management techniques is further optimizing the efficiency and safety of these batteries. Consequently, the automotive segment is expected to experience robust growth, with an increasing number of electric vehicle models entering the market and governments promoting the adoption of EVs through various incentives and infrastructure development initiatives. Additionally, as battery technology continues to evolve, manufacturers are likely to develop more efficient and cost-effective solutions to meet the demands of the automotive sector.

Consumer Electronics:

The consumer electronics application is another significant segment for lithium-ion batteries, encompassing products such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, and wearables. As technology advances and the demand for portable, high-performance devices continues to rise, lithium-ion batteries are positioned to play a crucial role in providing the necessary energy storage solutions. The lightweight and compact nature of these batteries, combined with their ability to deliver high energy densities, makes them ideal for powering consumer electronics. With constant innovation in both device design and battery technology, manufacturers are continuously seeking to enhance battery longevity, charging speed, and overall performance, which will consequently drive growth in this segment. As the consumer electronics market evolves, the need for advanced lithium-ion batteries is expected to expand, presenting lucrative opportunities for manufacturers and investors alike.

Industrial:

The industrial application of lithium-ion batteries is witnessing significant growth, particularly in sectors such as construction, mining, and logistics. Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly being utilized to power machinery, tools, and equipment, providing a cleaner and more efficient alternative to traditional fossil fuel-powered systems. As industries seek to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lower operational costs, the adoption of lithium-ion batteries is becoming more prevalent. Furthermore, advancements in battery technology have led to improved performance specifications, such as longer runtimes and reduced maintenance requirements, enhancing their appeal in demanding industrial environments. As companies continue to prioritize sustainability and efficiency, the industrial segment for lithium-ion batteries is expected to expand considerably over the coming years.

Energy Storage Systems:

The energy storage systems application is a rapidly growing segment within the lithium-ion battery market, driven by the increasing integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. Lithium-ion batteries are essential for energy storage solutions, enabling the capture and storage of excess energy generated during peak production periods for later use. This capability is particularly valuable for grid stability and load management, as utilities and consumers seek reliable energy sources. Additionally, as energy storage technology advances, the efficiency, lifespan, and cost of lithium-ion batteries continue to improve, promoting widespread adoption. The global shift towards sustainable energy practices is expected to further bolster the demand for lithium-ion batteries in energy storage systems, making this a critical area for market growth.

Aerospace and Defense:

The aerospace and defense sector is increasingly adopting lithium-ion batteries for various applications, including UAVs, satellites, and military equipment. The lightweight and high-energy density characteristics of lithium-ion batteries make them ideal for powering aerospace technologies where weight is a critical factor. Furthermore, advancements in battery safety and reliability are enhancing their suitability for high-stakes defense applications. As the aerospace industry evolves with a focus on electric propulsion and hybrid aircraft technologies, the demand for lithium-ion batteries is expected to grow significantly. Additionally, the defense sector's ongoing efforts to modernize equipment and embrace energy-efficient solutions are further driving the adoption of lithium-ion batteries in this domain, positioning it as a promising segment for future growth.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

The online distribution channel for lithium-ion batteries is rapidly gaining traction, driven by the convenience and accessibility it offers to consumers. With the proliferation of e-commerce platforms, customers can easily compare prices, read reviews, and find a wider variety of battery options than what is typically available in physical stores. Online retailers often provide detailed product specifications and customer support, enhancing the overall shopping experience. Furthermore, as more people shift towards online purchasing, manufacturers are increasingly investing in their online presence to reach a broader audience. The expected growth in the online channel is indicative of changing consumer behaviors and preferences, making it a vital avenue for lithium-ion battery sales moving forward.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores play a crucial role in the distribution of lithium-ion batteries, particularly in providing tailored solutions for specific applications. These dedicated retail outlets often carry a wide range of batteries, including specialized types for consumer electronics, automotive, and industrial applications. Staffed with knowledgeable personnel, specialty stores can offer expert advice and recommendations, helping customers select the most suitable battery for their needs. The personal touch and expertise provided by these stores are key differentiators that attract customers seeking high-quality products and personalized service. As the demand for lithium-ion batteries continues to grow, specialty stores are expected to remain a significant channel for reaching various customer segments.

Supermarkets/Hypermarkets:

Supermarkets and hypermarkets represent a substantial distribution channel for lithium-ion batteries, particularly for consumer electronics and household products. These large retail outlets often carry well-known brands of batteries, ensuring that consumers can find reliable options in a familiar shopping environment. The convenience of purchasing batteries alongside other everyday items contributes to the appeal of this distribution channel. Additionally, as the consumer electronics market expands, supermarkets and hypermarkets are likely to increase their battery offerings, providing customers with greater variety and access to essential energy solutions. The continued growth of this channel will be essential for meeting consumer demand across different market segments.

Direct Sales:

Direct sales are an important distribution channel for lithium-ion batteries, particularly for businesses and industries requiring large quantities for specific applications. Manufacturers often engage in direct sales to establish relationships with customers, ensuring they receive tailored solutions that meet their unique energy storage needs. This channel allows companies to offer competitive pricing, bulk purchasing options, and customized products that are often not available through traditional retail outlets. As industries increasingly turn to lithium-ion batteries for energy storage and powering equipment, the direct sales channel is expected to grow significantly, fostering closer ties between manufacturers and end-users.

By Region

The Asia Pacific region is anticipated to dominate the global lithium-ion battery market for automotive applications, accounting for over 50% of the total market share by 2035. This dominance is largely attributed to the rapid growth of electric vehicle manufacturing in countries such as China, Japan, and South Korea, where leading automotive companies are investing heavily in battery technology and infrastructure. The region's supportive government policies and incentives aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable transportation solutions further bolster the market. Moreover, the presence of major battery manufacturers in Asia Pacific enhances the region's capacity to meet the growing demand for lithium-ion batteries, ensuring it remains at the forefront of the automotive revolution.

North America is expected to witness significant growth in the lithium-ion battery market, with a projected CAGR of around 18% from 2025 to 2035. The increasing adoption of electric vehicles, coupled with government initiatives to promote clean energy solutions, is driving the demand for lithium-ion batteries in this region. Major automotive manufacturers are collaborating with battery producers to enhance battery technologies and develop high-performance electric vehicles. Additionally, the growing awareness of environmental issues among consumers is contributing to the shift towards electric mobility in North America. As the market continues to evolve, various states are implementing policies and incentives to support the adoption of electric vehicles, further fueling the growth of the lithium-ion battery market.

Opportunities

The lithium-ion battery market holds significant opportunities for growth as the demand for electric vehicles continues to rise globally. The increasing efforts of governments and organizations to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable energy solutions are creating a favorable landscape for the adoption of lithium-ion batteries in the automotive sector. As consumers become more environmentally conscious, the shift towards electric mobility is gaining momentum, which in turn opens avenues for innovation in battery technology. Additionally, advancements in battery recycling processes and second-life applications present unique opportunities for manufacturers to enhance sustainability while also addressing supply chain concerns regarding raw materials. The potential for collaboration between automotive manufacturers and battery producers is substantial, allowing for the development of more efficient and cost-effective battery technologies that align with market demands.

Moreover, the expansion of renewable energy generation and the subsequent need for energy storage solutions present additional opportunities within the lithium-ion battery market. As nations transition towards cleaner energy sources, the demand for effective energy storage solutions will become increasingly critical. Lithium-ion batteries are uniquely positioned to support this transition by providing a reliable means of storing energy generated from solar, wind, and other renewable sources. The growth of smart grids and energy management systems is further amplifying this demand, as they require advanced storage solutions to optimize energy distribution. By capitalizing on these trends, manufacturers can explore new markets and applications for lithium-ion batteries, further driving growth and innovation in the sector.

Threats

Despite the promising growth of the lithium-ion battery market, several threats could hinder its progress. One of the primary concerns is the volatility of raw material prices, particularly lithium and cobalt, which can significantly impact production costs. As demand for lithium-ion batteries escalates, the competition for these essential materials may intensify, leading to supply shortages and price fluctuations. Moreover, geopolitical tensions and trade restrictions could exacerbate these challenges, affecting the stability of the supply chain. Additionally, the environmental and ethical concerns surrounding the mining of these raw materials are increasingly coming to light, prompting stakeholders to reassess their sourcing strategies. Failing to address these issues could result in reputational risks for manufacturers and diminished consumer confidence in lithium-ion battery technology.

Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological advancement in battery alternatives poses a potential threat to the lithium-ion battery market. Emerging technologies such as solid-state batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and other next-generation energy storage solutions are being developed with the promise of superior performance, safety, and lower costs. If these alternatives gain traction in the market, they could displace lithium-ion batteries, leading to a decline in demand. As research and development efforts continue to evolve, the lithium-ion battery industry must remain vigilant and adaptable to maintain its competitive edge. Continuous innovation and investment in battery technology will be essential to mitigate these threats and sustain growth in the long term.

Competitor Outlook

• LG Chem
• Panasonic Corporation
• Samsung SDI
• CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited)
• BYD Company Limited
• Tesla, Inc.
• Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
• SK Innovation
• A123 Systems LLC
• Saft Groupe S.A.
• Johnson Controls International plc
• Consortium for Battery Innovation (CBI)
• Exide Technologies
• Envision AESC
• Farasis Energy, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the lithium-ion battery market is characterized by rapid technological advancements and a diverse range of manufacturers striving to capture market share. As major automotive companies increasingly pivot towards electric vehicles, battery manufacturers are vying to establish themselves as leaders in the sector by innovating and optimizing their products to meet the evolving demands of automakers. The market is dominated by key players such as LG Chem, Panasonic, and CATL, who have made substantial investments in research and development to enhance energy density, safety, and overall performance of lithium-ion batteries. These companies are also actively engaging in strategic partnerships and collaborations with automotive manufacturers to co-develop cutting-edge battery technologies, further solidifying their position in the market.

Additionally, newer entrants and smaller firms are emerging in the lithium-ion battery space, driven by advancements in technology and the increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions. Companies like Farasis Energy and A123 Systems are making their mark by offering innovative battery chemistries and focusing on niche applications. These firms are leveraging their agility to respond quickly to market changes and customer needs, creating a competitive dynamic that challenges established players. The focus on sustainability and recycling initiatives is also shaping the competitive landscape, as stakeholders strive to develop eco-friendly battery solutions and address concerns regarding raw material sourcing. As the market evolves, companies that prioritize sustainability, cost-effective solutions, and technological advancements are likely to emerge as frontrunners in the lithium-ion battery industry.

Major companies like Tesla, LG Chem, and CATL are investing in gigafactories to scale up production and reduce costs associated with lithium-ion battery manufacturing. Tesla, for instance, has been a pioneer in the EV market, utilizing its proprietary battery technology to enhance vehicle performance and range. Their focus on vertically integrating battery production has allowed them to control every aspect of the supply chain, from raw material sourcing to battery assembly. Meanwhile, LG Chem and CATL are expanding their manufacturing capabilities to meet the increasing global demand for electric vehicles, collaborating with major automotive manufacturers to develop customized battery solutions. As the competition intensifies, these companies are likely to continue pushing the boundaries of battery technology while exploring new markets and applications.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 LG Chem
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Samsung SDI
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Tesla, Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Envision AESC
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 SK Innovation
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 A123 Systems LLC
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Saft Groupe S.A.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Exide Technologies
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 BYD Company Limited
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Farasis Energy, Inc.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Panasonic Corporation
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Johnson Controls International plc
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Consortium for Battery Innovation (CBI)
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited)
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Lithium ion Batteries for Automotive Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Automotive
    • 6.1.2 Consumer Electronics
    • 6.1.3 Industrial
    • 6.1.4 Energy Storage Systems
    • 6.1.5 Aerospace and Defense
  • 6.2 Lithium ion Batteries for Automotive Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Lithium Cobalt Oxide
    • 6.2.2 Lithium Iron Phosphate
    • 6.2.3 Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt
    • 6.2.4 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide
    • 6.2.5 Lithium Titanate Oxide
  • 6.3 Lithium ion Batteries for Automotive Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.1 Online Stores
    • 6.3.2 Specialty Stores
    • 6.3.3 Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
    • 6.3.4 Direct Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Lithium ion Batteries for Automotive Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Lithium ion Batteries for Automotive market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Lithium Cobalt Oxide
• Lithium Iron Phosphate
• Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt
• Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide
• Lithium Titanate Oxide

By Application

• Automotive
• Consumer Electronics
• Industrial
• Energy Storage Systems
• Aerospace and Defense

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Specialty Stores
• Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
• Direct Sales

By Region

• Asia Pacific
• North America
• Europe
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• LG Chem
• Panasonic Corporation
• Samsung SDI
• CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited)
• BYD Company Limited
• Tesla, Inc.
• Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
• SK Innovation
• A123 Systems LLC
• Saft Groupe S.A.
• Johnson Controls International plc
• Consortium for Battery Innovation (CBI)
• Exide Technologies
• Envision AESC
• Farasis Energy, Inc.