Ligases Enzymes
Ligases Enzymes Market Segments - by Product Type (DNA Ligases, RNA Ligases, ATP-Dependent Ligases, ATP-Independent Ligases, and Others), Application (DNA Replication & Repair, Cloning & Recombinant DNA Technology, Drug Discovery, Protein Engineering, and Others), Distribution Channel (Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Companies, Research Institutes & Academic Centers, Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers, and Others), Enzyme Source (Bacteria, Fungi, Plants, Animals, and Others), and Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa) - Global Industry Analysis, Growth, Share, Size, Trends, and Forecast 2025-2035
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- Table Of Content
- Segments
- Methodology
Ligases Enzymes Market Outlook
The global ligases enzymes market is projected to reach approximately USD 1.5 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of around 5.8% during the forecast period. The increasing adoption of ligases in various applications, such as DNA replication and repair, drug discovery, and protein engineering, is expected to drive market growth. Additionally, the rising prevalence of genetic disorders and the growing demand for biopharmaceuticals are significant factors contributing to the expansion of the ligases enzymes market. The rapid advancements in molecular biology and biotechnology, coupled with the increasing funding for research and development in these fields, further bolster the growth of this market. Moreover, the surge in demand for personalized medicine is also anticipated to create lucrative opportunities for manufacturers operating in the ligases enzymes space.
Growth Factor of the Market
The ligases enzymes market is primarily driven by the increasing applications of these enzymes in molecular biology, particularly in DNA manipulation techniques such as cloning, sequencing, and amplification. As the demand for precision in genetic engineering continues to rise, ligases are becoming indispensable tools in both academic and commercial laboratories. Furthermore, advancements in synthetic biology and genomics are encouraging researchers to explore innovative applications of ligases in therapeutic development and diagnostics. The rise in global healthcare expenditure is also facilitating the growth of this market as more investments are channeled into research and development initiatives aimed at discovering new drugs and therapies. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of genetic disorders necessitates the use of advanced molecular techniques, including those that utilize ligases, thereby supporting market expansion.
Key Highlights of the Market
- Projected market growth at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2025 to 2035.
- Rising applications in molecular biology and genetic engineering.
- Increased focus on personalized medicine and biopharmaceutical development.
- Growing research funding driving innovation in enzyme technologies.
- Higher demand for ligases in diagnostics and therapeutics.
By Product Type
DNA Ligases :
DNA ligases are crucial enzymes involved in the joining of DNA strands by facilitating the formation of phosphodiester bonds. They play a pivotal role in various molecular biology applications, including DNA replication and repair, which inherently drives their demand in the ligases enzymes market. The increasing prevalence of genetic disorders, combined with advancements in gene editing technologies such as CRISPR, has led to a higher usage of DNA ligases in research laboratories and biopharmaceutical companies. Furthermore, as the need for DNA synthesis and cloning continues to grow, DNA ligases are becoming essential components in synthetic biology systems, thereby contributing to the segment's growth.
RNA Ligases :
RNA ligases are specialized enzymes that catalyze the joining of RNA molecules. This product type is gaining traction due to its application in RNA manipulation for therapeutic development and research. The growing interest in RNA-based therapies, particularly in the field of cancer and viral infections, is boosting the utilization of RNA ligases in drug discovery processes. Additionally, advancements in RNA sequencing techniques and the increasing emphasis on understanding RNA biology are leading researchers to rely more on RNA ligases, thereby enhancing their market presence. As the scientific community continues to explore the therapeutic potential of RNA, the demand for these enzymes is expected to see significant growth.
ATP-Dependent Ligases :
ATP-dependent ligases are enzymes that require adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for their activity, facilitating the joining of nucleic acids. Their importance lies in their widespread application in molecular cloning and DNA manipulation, making them indispensable in research and biotechnology applications. The continuous advancements in gene editing and synthetic biology are raising the demand for ATP-dependent ligases, as they ensure high efficiency and specificity in DNA ligation processes. Moreover, the increasing investments in biotechnology firms for developing innovative therapeutics are further propelling the market for ATP-dependent ligases, as they are essential tools in the production of recombinant DNA.
ATP-Independent Ligases :
ATP-independent ligases operate without the need for ATP, catalyzing the joining of nucleic acid strands through alternative mechanisms. This unique characteristic makes them valuable in various applications, particularly in environments where ATP is limited. Their applications in molecular biology, especially in specialized cloning techniques, are becoming more recognized as researchers seek to optimize their methodologies. The growing interest in alternative and sustainable biotechnological processes has led to an uptick in the exploration and application of ATP-independent ligases. As a result, their market share is anticipated to expand, driven by innovations in enzyme engineering and the ongoing demand for efficient ligation methods.
Others :
This category encompasses a range of ligases that do not fall into the aforementioned classifications. These ligases are often characterized by their unique properties and specific applications in various research and industrial settings. The increasing complexity of biological research is driving the need for novel ligases with specialized functionalities, thus facilitating innovation and development in this segment. The recognition of custom ligases tailored to specific applications is further enhancing this segment's appeal. As the biotechnological landscape evolves, the demand for diverse ligases to meet unique research needs is expected to contribute positively to market growth.
By Application
DNA Replication & Repair :
Ligases play a vital role in DNA replication and repair, making them indispensable in molecular biology. Their ability to join DNA fragments is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity, which is particularly significant in the context of genetic diseases and cancer. As research into the mechanisms of DNA repair advances, the demand for ligases in these applications is expected to increase. Furthermore, the growing emphasis on genetic engineering and synthetic biology is further driving the need for ligases in DNA replication and repair processes. Consequently, this application segment is anticipated to witness substantial growth in the ligases enzymes market.
Cloning & Recombinant DNA Technology :
The use of ligases in cloning and recombinant DNA technology is fundamental, as they facilitate the recombination of DNA fragments to create new genetic constructs. This application is pivotal for biopharmaceutical development, genetic engineering, and various research applications. The increasing focus on innovative therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies and gene therapies, is fueling the demand for ligases in these processes. Moreover, advancements in cloning techniques, including the CRISPR/Cas9 system, require precise and efficient ligation, thereby enhancing the importance of ligases in this field. As biotechnological applications continue to expand, the cloning and recombinant DNA technology segment is expected to grow significantly.
Drug Discovery :
Ligases are increasingly being utilized in drug discovery processes, mainly due to their role in gene manipulation and protein engineering. Their application in high-throughput screening and the development of novel therapeutics makes them invaluable assets in pharmaceutical research. The rising global focus on precision medicine and targeted therapies is propelling the demand for ligases in drug discovery, as these enzymes contribute to the identification and validation of drug targets. Additionally, partnerships between academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies are fostering innovation in this area, which is expected to result in a robust growth trajectory for ligases utilized in drug discovery applications.
Protein Engineering :
In protein engineering, ligases are essential for creating and modifying proteins with specific functions. Their ability to facilitate peptide bond formation allows researchers to design proteins with enhanced therapeutic properties, thereby driving their demand in the biotechnology sector. The increasing interest in biologics, including therapeutic proteins and enzymes, is propelling the growth of the protein engineering application segment. Furthermore, advancements in proteomics and the need for novel biotherapeutics are also contributing to the utilization of ligases in this field. As the demand for innovative protein-based therapies continues to rise, ligases will play a crucial role in shaping the future of protein engineering.
Others :
This category includes various other applications of ligases that are not covered in the previous segments. These applications may range from basic research to specialized industrial processes, showcasing the versatility of ligases in diverse fields. The continued exploration of ligases in different contexts is leading to novel applications, such as in environmental biotechnology and synthetic biology. As researchers seek to find new ways to utilize ligases for innovative solutions, this segment is expected to grow, driven by the creativity and resourcefulness of scientists in applying these enzymes across various domains.
By Distribution Channel
Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Companies :
Biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are significant distribution channels for ligases, as they integrate these enzymes into their research and product development processes. The increasing prevalence of biopharmaceuticals and personalized medicine is driving demand for ligases in these sectors. These companies often engage in extensive research and development, leading to the production of innovative therapeutics that rely on ligases for DNA manipulation and protein engineering. Consequently, this distribution channel is expected to experience significant growth, driven by the ongoing advancements in biotechnology and the increasing focus on drug discovery.
Research Institutes & Academic Centers :
Research institutes and academic centers are vital distribution channels for ligases, as they are often at the forefront of scientific discovery and innovation. The growing number of research projects focusing on molecular biology, genetics, and synthetic biology is driving the demand for ligases in these institutions. Moreover, as funding for research increases globally, these centers are likely to expand their capacity for studying and applying ligases in various applications. Consequently, the research institutes and academic centers segment is anticipated to witness substantial growth within the broader ligases enzymes market.
Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers :
Hospitals and diagnostic centers are increasingly recognizing the importance of ligases in molecular diagnostics, particularly for detecting genetic disorders and infectious diseases. Their application in PCR and other nucleic acid amplification techniques is driving demand within this segment. As healthcare professionals seek accurate and efficient diagnostic tools, the reliance on ligases for molecular diagnostics is expected to rise significantly. Furthermore, the ongoing advancements in personalized medicine and targeted therapies will further enhance the role of ligases in hospitals and diagnostic centers, resulting in market growth.
Others :
This category encompasses various distribution channels not classified in the previous segments. These channels may include online retailers, specialty distributors, and smaller biotechnology firms that supply ligases for specific applications. As the demand for ligases continues to evolve, alternative distribution channels are likely to gain prominence, driven by technological advancements and the increasing global accessibility of scientific resources. The growth in e-commerce and online platforms is also expected to contribute to the expansion of this segment, providing researchers and companies with easier access to ligases.
By Enzyme Source
Bacteria :
Bacterial ligases are among the most widely utilized in molecular biology due to their efficiency and specificity. These enzymes are frequently sourced from various bacterial species, such as E. coli, and are employed in numerous applications, including cloning and genetic engineering. The growing interest in synthetic biology and genetic modification is propelling the demand for bacterial ligases, as they are essential tools in the development of recombinant DNA technology. Additionally, the increasing research into microbial diversity and its applications in biotechnology is expected to bolster the market for bacterial ligases.
Fungi :
Fungal ligases are gaining recognition for their unique properties and applications in molecular biology. They are often characterized by their robustness and ability to function under diverse conditions, making them suitable for various laboratory applications. The interest in fungal enzymes has been growing due to the emerging field of mycoremediation and the potential of fungi in biotechnology. As researchers explore the applications of fungal ligases in areas such as environmental biotechnology and biopharmaceutical development, the market for these enzymes is anticipated to grow.
Plants :
Plant-derived ligases are essential for various applications in agricultural biotechnology and genetic engineering. These enzymes are crucial for processes such as gene transfer and plant transformation, making them valuable assets in developing genetically modified crops. The increasing demand for sustainable and high-yield crops is driving interest in plant-based ligases, as researchers seek to harness these enzymes for innovative agricultural solutions. As the global emphasis on sustainable agriculture continues to grow, the market for plant-derived ligases is expected to expand significantly.
Animals :
Animal-derived ligases are utilized in specific applications within medical and biopharmaceutical research. These enzymes often exhibit unique properties that make them suitable for applications in gene therapy and regenerative medicine. The increasing focus on personalized medicine and targeted therapies is driving the demand for animal-derived ligases, as they contribute to the development of innovative therapeutic solutions. Furthermore, ongoing research into the role of animal-derived enzymes in biotechnology is likely to enhance their market presence and applicability across various sectors.
Others :
This segment encompasses ligases sourced from other sources not classified in the previous sections, including synthetic and engineered ligases. The development of novel ligases through synthetic biology and enzyme engineering is driving innovation in this segment. As researchers continue to explore and create ligases with customized properties for specific applications, the demand for these enzymes is expected to grow. The ongoing interest in developing engineered enzymes for enhanced performance in biotechnological processes is also anticipated to bolster the market for ligases sourced from alternative or novel sources.
By Region
The North American ligases enzymes market is expected to dominate the global landscape, accounting for approximately 40% of the total market share by 2035. This dominance is primarily attributed to the presence of well-established biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, significant research funding, and advanced healthcare infrastructure. The increasing focus on personalized medicine and the robust growth of the biopharmaceutical sector in the region are key factors driving market expansion. Additionally, the North American market is expected to witness a CAGR of 6% during the forecast period, fueled by continuous advancements in molecular biology and genetic research.
In Europe, the ligases enzymes market is poised for substantial growth, projected to hold around 30% of the global market share by 2035. The increase in research activities across academic and industrial sectors, coupled with favorable regulatory environments for biotechnology, is supporting the expansion of the market in this region. Moreover, the rising emphasis on sustainable agriculture and environmental biotechnology is further driving demand for ligases in Europe. The Asia Pacific region is also expected to experience significant growth, accounting for approximately 25% of the total market by 2035, as countries like China and India invest heavily in biotechnology and pharmaceutical research. This growing investment indicates a favorable outlook for ligases in the Asia Pacific market.
Opportunities
The ligases enzymes market is poised to benefit from a myriad of emerging opportunities fueled by technological advancements and increased investments in research and development. One of the most significant opportunities lies in the growing field of synthetic biology, where ligases play a crucial role in designing and constructing new biological systems. As researchers strive to create innovative solutions for challenges in healthcare, agriculture, and environmental sustainability, the demand for ligases is expected to surge. Furthermore, the increasing focus on personalized medicine presents a remarkable opportunity for ligases in drug development, enabling the creation of targeted therapies tailored to individual genetic profiles. This trend is likely to attract investments from biotechnology firms and pharmaceutical companies, fostering collaboration and innovation in the development of ligases for therapeutic applications.
Additionally, the ongoing advancements in genomics and gene editing technologies are creating new avenues for the application of ligases. The increasing integration of CRISPR technology in research and therapeutics is expected to drive demand for ligases that can efficiently facilitate gene manipulation processes. Moreover, the growing awareness of genetic disorders and the rising prevalence of chronic diseases are propelling research into new treatment strategies, further emphasizing the importance of ligases in these endeavors. As the market for ligases continues to expand, strategic collaborations between academic institutions, research organizations, and biotechnology firms will likely play a pivotal role in unlocking additional opportunities, allowing for the exploration of novel applications and innovations in the ligases enzymes market.
Threats
While the ligases enzymes market holds promising growth potential, it is not without its challenges and threats. One of the major threats is the rapid pace of technological advancements, which can lead to obsolescence of existing products and necessitate continuous innovation. Companies operating in the ligases market must consistently invest in research and development to keep up with evolving technologies and meet the changing needs of end-users. Additionally, the competitive landscape is becoming increasingly crowded, with numerous players vying for market share. This heightened competition can result in price wars and margin pressures, potentially impacting profitability for existing companies. The emergence of alternative technologies and methods in molecular biology can also pose a threat as they may reduce reliance on traditional ligation techniques, thereby affecting the demand for ligases.
Furthermore, regulatory challenges and stringent compliance requirements in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors can hinder the market's growth. Ensuring quality control and adhering to regulations can be resource-intensive and time-consuming for companies, especially smaller firms. Moreover, fluctuations in the availability of raw materials and potential supply chain disruptions can impact production capabilities and pricing. These factors can create uncertainties in the ligases enzymes market, making it essential for companies to develop robust risk management strategies. As the market evolves, addressing these threats will be crucial for sustained growth and success.
Competitor Outlook
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- New England Biolabs
- Takara Bio Inc.
- Qiagen N.V.
- Promega Corporation
- Agilent Technologies
- Merck KGaA
- Sigma-Aldrich (MilliporeSigma)
- Bio-Rad Laboratories
- Fisher Scientific
- Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT)
- Lucigen Corporation
- VWR International
- GenScript
- Zymergen Inc.
The competitive landscape of the ligases enzymes market is characterized by a diverse array of players, ranging from established multinational corporations to innovative startups. Major companies such as Thermo Fisher Scientific, New England Biolabs, and Takara Bio Inc. dominate the market due to their extensive product portfolios, robust distribution networks, and strong brand recognition. These companies continuously invest in research and development to deliver high-quality and innovative ligation solutions that cater to the needs of their customers. Moreover, strategic partnerships and collaborations among industry players are common, as they seek to leverage complementary strengths and expand their market presence.
Emerging players in the ligases enzymes market are also making significant strides by offering specialized products and innovative technologies that provide unique advantages over traditional ligases. Startups like Zymergen Inc. are gaining attention for their focus on synthetic biology and enzyme engineering, developing novel ligases with optimized properties for specific applications. As the market continues to evolve, the competition is expected to intensify, with companies competing not only on product offerings but also on customer service, pricing strategies, and technological advancements. Additionally, the growing trend of mergers and acquisitions among companies in the biotechnology sector is reshaping the competitive landscape, leading to consolidation and the emergence of new market leaders.
Key companies such as Promega Corporation and Qiagen N.V. are also pivotal players in the ligases enzymes market, known for their strong emphasis on innovation and product development. Promega Corporation, for instance, has a well-established reputation for its high-quality ligation kits and reagents, which are widely used in molecular biology applications. Their commitment to quality and performance has garnered a loyal customer base and contributed to their market leadership. Similarly, Qiagen N.V. leverages its extensive knowledge in genomic technologies to offer a range of ligases and related products tailored for various applications, thus enhancing its competitive position in the market. As these companies continue to innovate and expand their offerings, they will play a significant role in shaping the future of the ligases enzymes market.
1 Appendix
- 1.1 List of Tables
- 1.2 List of Figures
2 Introduction
- 2.1 Market Definition
- 2.2 Scope of the Report
- 2.3 Study Assumptions
- 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods
3 Market Dynamics
- 3.1 Market Growth Factors
- 3.2 Economic & Global Events
- 3.3 Innovation Trends
- 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis
4 Consumer Behavior
- 4.1 Market Trends
- 4.2 Pricing Analysis
- 4.3 Buyer Insights
5 Key Player Profiles
- 5.1 GenScript
- 5.1.1 Business Overview
- 5.1.2 Products & Services
- 5.1.3 Financials
- 5.1.4 Recent Developments
- 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.2 Merck KGaA
- 5.2.1 Business Overview
- 5.2.2 Products & Services
- 5.2.3 Financials
- 5.2.4 Recent Developments
- 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.3 Qiagen N.V.
- 5.3.1 Business Overview
- 5.3.2 Products & Services
- 5.3.3 Financials
- 5.3.4 Recent Developments
- 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.4 Zymergen Inc.
- 5.4.1 Business Overview
- 5.4.2 Products & Services
- 5.4.3 Financials
- 5.4.4 Recent Developments
- 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.5 Takara Bio Inc.
- 5.5.1 Business Overview
- 5.5.2 Products & Services
- 5.5.3 Financials
- 5.5.4 Recent Developments
- 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.6 Fisher Scientific
- 5.6.1 Business Overview
- 5.6.2 Products & Services
- 5.6.3 Financials
- 5.6.4 Recent Developments
- 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.7 VWR International
- 5.7.1 Business Overview
- 5.7.2 Products & Services
- 5.7.3 Financials
- 5.7.4 Recent Developments
- 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.8 Lucigen Corporation
- 5.8.1 Business Overview
- 5.8.2 Products & Services
- 5.8.3 Financials
- 5.8.4 Recent Developments
- 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.9 New England Biolabs
- 5.9.1 Business Overview
- 5.9.2 Products & Services
- 5.9.3 Financials
- 5.9.4 Recent Developments
- 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.10 Promega Corporation
- 5.10.1 Business Overview
- 5.10.2 Products & Services
- 5.10.3 Financials
- 5.10.4 Recent Developments
- 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.11 Agilent Technologies
- 5.11.1 Business Overview
- 5.11.2 Products & Services
- 5.11.3 Financials
- 5.11.4 Recent Developments
- 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.12 Bio-Rad Laboratories
- 5.12.1 Business Overview
- 5.12.2 Products & Services
- 5.12.3 Financials
- 5.12.4 Recent Developments
- 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.13 Thermo Fisher Scientific
- 5.13.1 Business Overview
- 5.13.2 Products & Services
- 5.13.3 Financials
- 5.13.4 Recent Developments
- 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.14 Sigma-Aldrich (MilliporeSigma)
- 5.14.1 Business Overview
- 5.14.2 Products & Services
- 5.14.3 Financials
- 5.14.4 Recent Developments
- 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.15 Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT)
- 5.15.1 Business Overview
- 5.15.2 Products & Services
- 5.15.3 Financials
- 5.15.4 Recent Developments
- 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis
- 5.1 GenScript
6 Market Segmentation
- 6.1 Ligases Enzymes Market, By Enzyme Source
- 6.1.1 Bacteria
- 6.1.2 Fungi
- 6.1.3 Plants
- 6.1.4 Animals
- 6.1.5 Others
- 6.2 Ligases Enzymes Market, By Distribution Channel
- 6.2.1 Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Companies
- 6.2.2 Research Institutes & Academic Centers
- 6.2.3 Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers
- 6.2.4 Others
- 6.1 Ligases Enzymes Market, By Enzyme Source
7 Competitive Analysis
- 7.1 Key Player Comparison
- 7.2 Market Share Analysis
- 7.3 Investment Trends
- 7.4 SWOT Analysis
8 Research Methodology
- 8.1 Analysis Design
- 8.2 Research Phases
- 8.3 Study Timeline
9 Future Market Outlook
- 9.1 Growth Forecast
- 9.2 Market Evolution
10 Geographical Overview
- 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
- 10.1.1 By Country
- 10.1.1.1 UK
- 10.1.1.2 France
- 10.1.1.3 Germany
- 10.1.1.4 Spain
- 10.1.1.5 Italy
- 10.1.1 By Country
- 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
- 10.2.1 By Country
- 10.2.1.1 India
- 10.2.1.2 China
- 10.2.1.3 Japan
- 10.2.1.4 South Korea
- 10.2.1 By Country
- 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
- 10.3.1 By Country
- 10.3.1.1 Brazil
- 10.3.1.2 Argentina
- 10.3.1.3 Mexico
- 10.3.1 By Country
- 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
- 10.4.1 By Country
- 10.4.1.1 USA
- 10.4.1.2 Canada
- 10.4.1 By Country
- 10.5 Ligases Enzymes Market by Region
- 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
- 10.6.1 By Country
- 10.6.1.1 Middle East
- 10.6.1.2 Africa
- 10.6.1 By Country
- 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
11 Global Economic Factors
- 11.1 Inflation Impact
- 11.2 Trade Policies
12 Technology & Innovation
- 12.1 Emerging Technologies
- 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
- 12.3 Patent Research
13 Investment & Market Growth
- 13.1 Funding Trends
- 13.2 Future Market Projections
14 Market Overview & Key Insights
- 14.1 Executive Summary
- 14.2 Key Trends
- 14.3 Market Challenges
- 14.4 Regulatory Landscape
Segments Analyzed in the Report
The global Ligases Enzymes market is categorized based on
By Distribution Channel
- Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Companies
- Research Institutes & Academic Centers
- Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers
- Others
By Enzyme Source
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Plants
- Animals
- Others
By Region
- North America
- Europe
- Asia Pacific
- Latin America
- Middle East & Africa
Key Players
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- New England Biolabs
- Takara Bio Inc.
- Qiagen N.V.
- Promega Corporation
- Agilent Technologies
- Merck KGaA
- Sigma-Aldrich (MilliporeSigma)
- Bio-Rad Laboratories
- Fisher Scientific
- Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT)
- Lucigen Corporation
- VWR International
- GenScript
- Zymergen Inc.
- Publish Date : Jan 20 ,2025
- Report ID : CH-17360
- No. Of Pages : 100
- Format : |
- Ratings : 4.5 (110 Reviews)