Inactivated Vaccine Sales

Inactivated Vaccine Sales Market Outlook

The global inactivated vaccine market is projected to reach approximately USD 72 billion by 2035, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 7.5% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases, along with rising public awareness regarding the importance of vaccinations. Additionally, the steady advancements in vaccine technology and research are contributing to the development of more effective inactivated vaccines. Governments worldwide are also ramping up their immunization programs, pushing for a higher uptake of vaccines to combat various health crises. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the essential role of vaccines, leading to increased investments in the vaccine sector and a greater focus on preventive healthcare.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the primary growth factors for the inactivated vaccine market is the rising incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases, which has necessitated enhanced vaccination efforts globally. Additionally, increasing government initiatives and funding for vaccination programs are expected to further boost market growth. The growing population, combined with greater healthcare access in emerging markets, is creating a larger pool of potential vaccine recipients. Furthermore, advancements in inactivated vaccine formulations and delivery methods are contributing to improved efficacy and safety profiles, encouraging more individuals to get vaccinated. Another significant factor is the rising awareness and education surrounding vaccination, leading to a more informed public that places greater importance on preventive measures against infectious diseases.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The inactivated vaccine market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.5% by 2035.
• Government initiatives are increasingly focusing on expanding immunization programs.
• Technological advancements are leading to improved vaccine efficacy and safety.
• Emerging markets are experiencing heightened demand due to increased healthcare access.
• A growing public awareness surrounding vaccination is driving market growth.

By Product Type

Whole-virus Inactivated Vaccines:

Whole-virus inactivated vaccines are created by killing the entire virus, rendering it non-infective while retaining its immunogenic properties. This type of vaccine is effective in eliciting a strong immune response, as it contains all the antigenic components of the virus. Whole-virus inactivated vaccines are commonly used for viral diseases such as influenza and polio. Their popularity stems from their ability to stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses, which is crucial for long-lasting immunity. However, the production of whole-virus vaccines requires stringent safety measures to ensure that the inactivation process is successful, and the vaccine does not cause disease. The WHO has endorsed the use of these vaccines in global immunization programs, further solidifying their standing in the market.

Split-virus Inactivated Vaccines:

Split-virus inactivated vaccines are produced by breaking apart the virus, resulting in an antigen-rich preparation that retains immunogenicity while minimizing the risk of adverse reactions. This method allows for a more refined and controlled vaccine composition, which is beneficial for both safety and efficacy. Split-virus vaccines are primarily utilized in seasonal influenza vaccination programs and have gained popularity due to their lower incidence of side effects when compared to whole-virus inactivated vaccines. Additionally, advancements in split-virus technology have enabled the production of vaccines that can be tailored to match circulating virus strains more effectively, ensuring optimal immune protection in populations.

Subunit Inactivated Vaccines:

Subunit inactivated vaccines consist of purified subunits of the pathogen rather than the whole organism, which reduces the risk of adverse reactions while still eliciting a robust immune response. This type of vaccine is particularly effective in targeting specific components of the virus, such as proteins or polysaccharides. Subunit vaccines are commonly utilized in the prevention of diseases such as hepatitis B and human papillomavirus (HPV). Their specificity allows for targeted immunity, making them a preferred choice in certain high-risk populations. However, the production of subunit vaccines may require additional adjuvants to enhance their immunogenicity, which can add complexity to the formulation process.

Conjugate Inactivated Vaccines:

Conjugate inactivated vaccines are a specialized class of vaccines that link polysaccharide antigens to carrier proteins, enhancing the immune response against encapsulated bacteria. These vaccines are vital in preventing diseases such as meningococcal infections and pneumonia. By conjugating the polysaccharide to a protein, the vaccine can induce a stronger and more long-lasting immune response, particularly in young children who may not respond adequately to polysaccharide antigens alone. Conjugate vaccines have revolutionized public health efforts and have been instrumental in reducing the incidence of serious bacterial infections, leading to improved child survival rates in various regions.

Others:

This category encompasses various inactivated vaccines that do not fall into the aforementioned categories, including vaccines developed for specific pathogens or novel formulations that combine different technological approaches. These vaccines may be in various stages of development or have limited market availability, yet they play a significant role in addressing niche infectious diseases or emerging health threats. As research and development continue in the field of vaccinology, these "other" inactivated vaccines hold potential for significant contributions to public health, especially in response to new pathogens or evolving virus strains.

By Application

Influenza:

The application of inactivated vaccines for influenza is one of the most prominent segments in this market. Seasonal flu vaccines are developed annually to match circulating strains, and they play a critical role in public health by preventing widespread outbreaks. The use of inactivated influenza vaccines is endorsed by health authorities worldwide due to their proven efficacy and safety. Vaccination against influenza is particularly important for vulnerable populations, including the elderly and individuals with chronic health conditions. The demand for influenza vaccines sees a significant spike during flu season, reflecting their essential role in mitigating the impact of this infectious disease.

Hepatitis:

Inactivated vaccines for hepatitis, particularly hepatitis A and B, are vital components of global vaccination strategies. The hepatitis B vaccine, in particular, has been instrumental in reducing the prevalence of chronic hepatitis infections and preventing liver-related morbidity and mortality. The use of these vaccines has been widely advocated by the World Health Organization, leading to their incorporation into routine immunization programs in many countries. The growing awareness of the importance of hepatitis vaccination, combined with increased global travel and migration, has fueled the demand for these vaccines in various regions, ensuring their continued presence in the market.

Polio:

The inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is a critical tool in the global effort to eradicate poliomyelitis. IPV is used in conjunction with oral polio vaccine (OPV) strategies to provide comprehensive protection against poliovirus types. The effectiveness of IPV in inducing immunity without the risk of vaccine-derived poliovirus has made it a preferred choice in many high-income countries. The global push for polio eradication has led to increased efforts in vaccination campaigns, thereby solidifying the role of inactivated vaccines in this initiative. As the global community aims to eliminate polio, investments in IPV production and distribution continue to grow.

Rabies:

Rabies inactivated vaccines are crucial for post-exposure prophylaxis and pre-exposure immunization in high-risk populations. Rabies is a fatal viral disease that can be effectively prevented through timely vaccination. Inactivated rabies vaccines are highly effective at eliciting an immune response and are widely used for both human and veterinary applications. The rise in rabies cases in certain regions has led to a greater emphasis on vaccination as a preventive measure, resulting in increased demand for these vaccines. Continued public health initiatives to control and eliminate rabies highlight the importance of inactivated vaccines in managing this disease.

Others:

This segment includes inactivated vaccines applied for other infectious diseases that may vary by region or emerging health concerns. Inactivated vaccines are being researched and developed for various pathogens, reflecting the ongoing need for adaptable vaccination strategies. These vaccines play a vital role in preventing outbreaks of diseases that may not have widespread vaccination programs. As global health threats evolve, the importance of this segment is likely to increase, leading to further developments and innovations in the formulation of inactivated vaccines for various applications.

By Distribution Channel

Hospitals:

Hospitals remain a primary distribution channel for inactivated vaccines, serving as key sites for vaccination programs. They provide a wide range of services, including immunization clinics and emergency departments where vaccines are administered. The presence of trained healthcare professionals ensures that patients receive vaccinations in a safe and controlled environment. Hospitals also play a crucial role in public health initiatives, offering vaccination campaigns targeting specific populations, such as children and high-risk individuals. The convenience and comprehensive care provided by hospitals contribute to their ongoing significance as a distribution channel in the inactivated vaccine market.

Clinics:

Clinics, including community health centers and private practices, serve as important distribution points for inactivated vaccines. They often facilitate routine immunizations, providing vaccinations for both children and adults. The accessibility of clinics allows for higher vaccination rates, especially in underserved areas. Moreover, clinics typically have established relationships with local populations, enabling them to effectively promote vaccination awareness and education. As healthcare systems increasingly seek to improve access to preventive measures, clinics are anticipated to continue playing a vital role in the distribution of inactivated vaccines.

Retail Pharmacies:

Retail pharmacies have emerged as a significant distribution channel for inactivated vaccines, offering convenience and accessibility to the public. Many pharmacies provide vaccination services, allowing individuals to receive vaccines without the need for a doctor's appointment. This has made it easier for busy consumers to get vaccinated, particularly during peak seasons for vaccine-preventable diseases. The expansion of pharmacy-based immunization programs is driven by the growing demand for convenient healthcare services. Furthermore, retail pharmacies often engage in public health campaigns, contributing to increased awareness and uptake of vaccinations.

Online Pharmacies:

Online pharmacies are increasingly becoming a viable distribution channel for inactivated vaccines, particularly in light of the growing trend toward telehealth and digital healthcare solutions. While the administration of vaccines typically requires a physical presence, many online pharmacies partner with local clinics or healthcare providers to facilitate safe vaccination services. This model allows consumers to order vaccines and receive them in a timely manner, enhancing convenience and accessibility. As the market for telehealth continues to evolve, the role of online pharmacies in vaccine distribution is expected to expand, catering to the needs of tech-savvy consumers.

Others:

This category encompasses various non-traditional distribution channels that may include mobile vaccination units, community outreach programs, and public health initiatives. These channels aim to reach hard-to-access populations and improve overall vaccination coverage. Mobile vaccination units, for example, can provide services in rural areas or during public events, ensuring that individuals who might otherwise miss vaccinations are reached. Such initiatives are essential in addressing public health disparities and promoting wider acceptance of vaccinations. As community outreach efforts expand, these alternative distribution channels will play an increasingly important role in the inactivated vaccine landscape.

By Ingredient Type

Killed Microorganisms:

Killed microorganisms form the basis of many inactivated vaccines, wherein the pathogens are destroyed to prevent disease while retaining their antigenic properties. This ingredient type is essential in vaccines against diseases such as polio and hepatitis A. The use of killed microorganisms allows for the development of vaccines that are both safe and effective, stimulating a protective immune response without the risk of causing the disease. The production of these vaccines requires carefully controlled processes to ensure complete inactivation, making them a reliable option for immunization strategies worldwide. Their long history of use has established a solid foundation for their continued application in vaccine development.

Toxoids:

Toxoids are inactivated toxins produced by certain bacteria that can cause disease. Vaccines utilizing toxoids effectively immunize individuals against diseases such as tetanus and diphtheria. By neutralizing the toxin's pathogenic effects, toxoid vaccines enable the body to mount an immune response without suffering from the disease itself. The formulation of toxoid vaccines typically involves purifying and inactivating the toxins, followed by the addition of adjuvants to enhance their immunogenicity. These vaccines are essential components of routine immunization schedules in many countries, particularly for children, to prevent potentially severe bacterial infections.

Cellular Fractions:

Cellular fractions refer to specific components derived from pathogens, often used in inactivated vaccines to elicit an immune response without the need for the whole organism. These fractions may include proteins or polysaccharides that are critical for immune recognition. Vaccines utilizing cellular fractions, such as certain subunit vaccines, are effective in providing targeted immunity against specific pathogens. By focusing on the key antigens that elicit a protective response, these vaccines can minimize the risk of adverse effects associated with whole organisms. As research progresses, the potential for utilizing cellular fractions in vaccine formulations continues to grow, offering promising avenues for future vaccine development.

Others:

This category encompasses any additional ingredients that may be used in the formulation of inactivated vaccines, including adjuvants and stabilizers. Adjuvants are key components that enhance the immune response to vaccines, making them more effective. By adding adjuvants, vaccine manufacturers can create formulations that require fewer doses while still providing adequate protection. Stabilizers are also critical in maintaining the vaccine's efficacy during storage and transportation. The inclusion of various ingredient types ensures that inactivated vaccines can be tailored to meet specific immunogenic requirements, ultimately improving their effectiveness and safety profiles.

By Region

The North American region is expected to dominate the inactivated vaccine market, accounting for more than 35% of the total market share by 2035. The United States and Canada have well-established healthcare infrastructure, driving high vaccination rates. Furthermore, strong government initiatives and public health campaigns focusing on vaccination have contributed to increased awareness and accessibility. The region's emphasis on preventive healthcare, along with rising healthcare expenditures, supports significant investments in vaccination programs. It is projected that the North American inactivated vaccine market will grow at a CAGR of 6.8%, reflecting a steady increase in demand for various vaccine types.

Europe is another key region in the inactivated vaccine market, holding a substantial share of approximately 30%. The European region has a robust healthcare system and is characterized by high vaccination coverage. Country-specific immunization programs and initiatives by health authorities play a pivotal role in maintaining and enhancing vaccination rates. With a growing aging population and increasing focus on preventive health measures, the demand for inactivated vaccines is anticipated to increase significantly in this region. The European market is projected to witness a CAGR of 7.0% during the forecast period, driven by advancements in vaccine technology and strategic collaborations among key stakeholders.

Opportunities

The inactivated vaccine market presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly due to the ongoing global emphasis on preventive healthcare. As public health initiatives continue to expand, there is a rising demand for vaccines that protect against infectious diseases, particularly in emerging markets where healthcare access is improving. The growing prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases in these regions, coupled with increased healthcare investments, creates a fertile ground for the expansion of inactivated vaccine offerings. Furthermore, advancements in vaccine technologies, such as novel adjuvants and delivery methods, are paving the way for the development of more effective and safer inactivated vaccines, which can cater to diverse populations. The opportunity to collaborate with governments and NGOs to enhance vaccination programs also presents a significant avenue for market players to explore.

Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of vaccines in safeguarding public health, leading to renewed investments in vaccine research and development. As a result, there is a growing interest in inactivated vaccines that can target not just traditional infectious diseases but also emerging pathogens. The versatility of inactivated vaccines in addressing various health threats positions them favorably for future opportunities. Additionally, the increasing acceptance of vaccination among populations, driven by educational initiatives and awareness campaigns, bolsters the potential for inactivated vaccines to meet the rising demand globally. Market players are poised to leverage these opportunities to innovate and expand their portfolios in the inactivated vaccine landscape.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the inactivated vaccine market, several threats could impede its growth trajectory. One of the primary concerns is the increasing competition posed by alternative vaccine technologies such as mRNA vaccines, which have gained significant attention following their successful use during the COVID-19 pandemic. As these novel technologies evolve and demonstrate efficacy, there is a risk that they may overshadow traditional inactivated vaccines and capture a larger share of the market. Additionally, public hesitancy regarding vaccinations, fueled by misinformation and fear of side effects, poses a significant threat. Vaccine hesitancy can undermine vaccination efforts, leading to lower uptake rates and potential outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases.

Another critical threat to the inactivated vaccine market is the potential for disruptions in the supply chain, which can significantly impact production and distribution. Factors such as geopolitical tensions, trade restrictions, or disruptions due to pandemics can hinder access to raw materials and production facilities. Furthermore, regulatory challenges and stringent approval processes for new vaccines can slow down the introduction of innovative products into the market. As the landscape evolves, companies must navigate these challenges to ensure the sustainability and growth of their inactivated vaccine portfolios.

Competitor Outlook

• Sanofi Pasteur
• GlaxoSmithKline
• Merck & Co.
• Pfizer
• Bharat Biotech
• Novartis
• Janssen Pharmaceuticals
• Serum Institute of India
• AbbVie
• CSL Limited
• Inovio Pharmaceuticals
• Vaxart, Inc.
• MedImmune, LLC
• Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
• Sinovac Biotech

The competitive landscape of the inactivated vaccine market is characterized by a mix of established pharmaceutical giants and emerging biotechnology firms. Major players such as Sanofi Pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline have a significant market presence due to their extensive portfolios of inactivated vaccines, which have been key to public health initiatives worldwide. These companies invest heavily in research and development to innovate and improve their vaccine offerings, catering to evolving health needs. The competitive dynamics are further influenced by strategic partnerships and collaborations that aim to enhance production capabilities and expand market reach, allowing companies to respond effectively to the increasing global demand for vaccines.

Furthermore, a growing number of biotechnology firms are entering the inactivated vaccine space, focusing on developing novel formulations and targeting specific pathogens. Companies like Bharat Biotech and Serum Institute of India have gained prominence through their commitment to producing affordable vaccines, particularly for emerging markets. These organizations are leveraging cutting-edge technology and robust research to create vaccines that meet international standards while addressing local health challenges. As the market continues to evolve, these emerging players are expected to foster competition, driving innovation and potentially leading to the development of new inactivated vaccine candidates that address unmet health needs globally.

In addition to traditional competitors, the inactivated vaccine market is also witnessing the entry of new players specializing in alternative vaccine technologies. For instance, firms like Inovio Pharmaceuticals and Vaxart, Inc. are exploring mRNA and oral vaccine formulations, respectively, which may challenge the dominance of inactivated vaccines. As the landscape shifts, established companies will need to adapt their strategies, focusing on innovation while maintaining their commitment to safety and efficacy. The competitive environment is dynamic, requiring firms to stay informed about technological advancements and market trends to sustain their leadership position in the inactivated vaccine market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 AbbVie
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Pfizer
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Novartis
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 CSL Limited
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Merck & Co.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Vaxart, Inc.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Bharat Biotech
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 MedImmune, LLC
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Sanofi Pasteur
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 GlaxoSmithKline
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Sinovac Biotech
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Inovio Pharmaceuticals
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Janssen Pharmaceuticals
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Serum Institute of India
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Inactivated Vaccine Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Influenza
    • 6.1.2 Hepatitis
    • 6.1.3 Polio
    • 6.1.4 Rabies
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Inactivated Vaccine Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Whole-virus Inactivated Vaccines
    • 6.2.2 Split-virus Inactivated Vaccines
    • 6.2.3 Subunit Inactivated Vaccines
    • 6.2.4 Conjugate Inactivated Vaccines
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Inactivated Vaccine Sales Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Killed Microorganisms
    • 6.3.2 Toxoids
    • 6.3.3 Cellular Fractions
    • 6.3.4 Others
  • 6.4 Inactivated Vaccine Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Hospitals
    • 6.4.2 Clinics
    • 6.4.3 Retail Pharmacies
    • 6.4.4 Online Pharmacies
    • 6.4.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Inactivated Vaccine Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Inactivated Vaccine Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Whole-virus Inactivated Vaccines
• Split-virus Inactivated Vaccines
• Subunit Inactivated Vaccines
• Conjugate Inactivated Vaccines
• Others

By Application

• Influenza
• Hepatitis
• Polio
• Rabies
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Hospitals
• Clinics
• Retail Pharmacies
• Online Pharmacies
• Others

By Ingredient Type

• Killed Microorganisms
• Toxoids
• Cellular Fractions
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Sanofi Pasteur
• GlaxoSmithKline
• Merck & Co.
• Pfizer
• Bharat Biotech
• Novartis
• Janssen Pharmaceuticals
• Serum Institute of India
• AbbVie
• CSL Limited
• Inovio Pharmaceuticals
• Vaxart, Inc.
• MedImmune, LLC
• Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
• Sinovac Biotech