Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel

Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel Market Outlook

The global hot-rolled bars market, particularly focusing on bearing steel, is poised for significant growth, with a projected market size of approximately USD 15 billion in 2025 and an anticipated Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 4.5% through 2035. This expansion is primarily driven by the increasing demand from key sectors such as automotive, construction, and industrial machinery, all of which are major consumers of hot-rolled bars. Additionally, the ongoing trend towards infrastructure development across emerging economies is expected to bolster market growth, while advancements in manufacturing technologies are enhancing production efficiencies. The rising emphasis on high-quality materials, specifically bearing steel, is also contributing to the market's upward trajectory. Overall, the confluence of these factors indicates a robust future for the hot-rolled bars market.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several factors are driving the growth of the hot-rolled bars market in bearing steel. Firstly, the increasing investments in infrastructure projects, particularly in developing regions, are creating a higher demand for hot-rolled bars used in construction and structural applications. Secondly, the automotive industry's recovery and subsequent growth post-pandemic are stimulating demand for high-strength materials, including bearing steel bars, which are critical for manufacturing various automotive components. Thirdly, technological advancements in steel processing and manufacturing are enabling companies to produce hot-rolled bars with superior mechanical properties, resulting in higher adoption rates across different industries. Furthermore, the increased focus on sustainable practices is pushing manufacturers to develop environmentally-friendly production methods, which can further enhance market growth. Lastly, the expansion of the manufacturing sector in emerging economies is contributing significantly to the demand for hot-rolled bars, particularly in construction and machinery applications.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The hot-rolled bars market is expected to reach USD 15 billion by 2025.
• CAGR projected at 4.5% from 2025 to 2035.
• Major applications include automotive, construction, and industrial machinery.
• Technological advancements are enhancing production efficiency and quality.
• Increasing infrastructure investments in developing nations are boosting demand.

By Product Type

Round Bars:

Round bars are among the most commonly utilized forms of hot-rolled bars in bearing steel applications. Their cylindrical shape provides excellent structural integrity and is widely used in manufacturing various components, including shafts, axles, and fasteners. The round bars are favored due to their uniform strength and versatility, making them suitable for numerous applications across industries such as automotive and machinery manufacturing. With the growing automotive sector, the demand for round bars is expected to witness a steady increase, as they play a crucial role in ensuring the performance and durability of vehicles. Furthermore, advancements in production technologies are allowing for the creation of round bars with enhanced mechanical properties, thus broadening their applicability in high-performance environments.

Square Bars:

Square bars, characterized by their flat surfaces and sharp corners, are another significant product type in the hot-rolled bars market. These bars are often used in construction and manufacturing applications, providing superior strength and stability in structural components. The flat surfaces of square bars allow for easy welding and machining, making them a preferred choice for fabricators and manufacturers. Additionally, with the growing demand for customized solutions in construction and industrial applications, square bars are being produced in various sizes and grades to meet specific requirements. The versatility of square bars, combined with their strength and ease of fabrication, positions them as a crucial component in many engineering projects.

Hexagonal Bars:

Hexagonal bars are less common than round and square bars but are increasingly sought after for specific applications that require unique design features. The six-sided shape of hexagonal bars provides excellent grip and is particularly valuable in manufacturing bolts, screws, and other fasteners where anti-slip properties are crucial. The automotive and aerospace industries utilize hexagonal bars for components that require high precision and strength. As manufacturers focus on producing high-quality, specialized materials, the demand for hexagonal bars is expected to grow, especially in sectors that prioritize performance and reliability in their components.

Flat Bars:

Flat bars are vital in various applications, primarily in construction and manufacturing. They are often used in structural applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and ease of processing. The flat bars are versatile enough to be employed in various applications, including bracing, framing, and as bases for other components. The growing trend towards modern construction techniques, which frequently utilize steel frames, is expected to drive the demand for flat bars significantly. Additionally, the ability to easily cut, bend, and weld flat bars makes them a perfect choice for manufacturers seeking efficiency and adaptability in their production processes.

Customized Bars:

Customized bars are specially designed products tailored to meet specific client requirements in terms of size, shape, and material properties. With the advent of advanced manufacturing processes, there is a rising demand for customized solutions across various industries, including automotive, aerospace, and heavy machinery. Companies are increasingly seeking customized bars to optimize performance and meet stringent regulatory requirements. The ability to offer tailored solutions gives manufacturers a competitive edge and caters to the diverse needs of the market. As industries evolve and demand for specialized materials increases, the segment of customized bars is expected to experience substantial growth in the coming years.

By Application

Automotive Industry:

The automotive industry is one of the largest consumers of hot-rolled bars, particularly bearing steel. These bars are essential in manufacturing numerous components, including chassis, suspension systems, and engine parts, where strength and reliability are critical. The increasing demand for lightweight yet durable materials in vehicle construction is driving the adoption of hot-rolled bars. Moreover, the ongoing shift towards electric and hybrid vehicles is stimulating innovation in material usage, further augmenting the demand for advanced hot-rolled bar products. As manufacturers focus on enhancing vehicle performance and safety, the role of hot-rolled bars in the automotive sector will continue to grow significantly.

Industrial Machinery:

Hot-rolled bars find extensive use in the manufacturing of industrial machinery, where durability and strength are paramount. These bars are employed in the production of various machinery components, including gears, shafts, and frames. The increasing automation and mechanization of industries globally are driving the demand for robust machinery, subsequently boosting the hot-rolled bars market. As industries continue to invest in modernizing and expanding their operations, the requirement for high-quality materials such as hot-rolled bars will persist. Furthermore, the continuous development of advanced manufacturing technologies will enable the production of machinery components that meet the highest standards of performance.

Construction:

The construction industry is a major application area for hot-rolled bars, particularly in the form of reinforcement bars and structural supports. With the global construction market expected to witness significant growth, the demand for hot-rolled bars is projected to rise correspondingly. These bars are crucial for ensuring the structural integrity of buildings and infrastructure, making them indispensable in construction projects. The increasing urbanization and infrastructure development, especially in emerging economies, are key drivers of demand for bearing steel hot-rolled bars. As construction standards become more stringent, the requirement for high-quality materials will further enhance the market for hot-rolled bars.

Aerospace:

In the aerospace industry, hot-rolled bars are utilized in manufacturing various components that must meet stringent regulations regarding performance and safety. The aerospace sector requires materials that can withstand extreme conditions, and as such, bearing steel hot-rolled bars are often used for critical structural parts. The increasing global air traffic and the demand for new aircraft are propelling growth in this sector. Manufacturers are focusing on lightweight yet durable materials, which has led to innovative solutions in the hot-rolled bars market. With advancements in aerospace technology, the need for high-performance materials will continue to support the growth of hot-rolled bars in this application.

Others:

In addition to the primary applications, hot-rolled bars are utilized in various other industries, including energy, agriculture, and manufacturing. These industries require strong and reliable materials for various applications, such as machinery components and agricultural equipment. The demand for hot-rolled bars in these sectors is driven by the need for high-quality materials that can enhance performance and longevity. As industries evolve and diversify, the application of hot-rolled bars will expand, creating additional opportunities for market growth. The versatility of hot-rolled bars allows for their use in numerous applications, highlighting their importance across various sectors.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales channels play a significant role in the distribution of hot-rolled bars, particularly for large-scale manufacturers and construction companies that require bulk orders. Through direct sales, manufacturers can establish a deeper relationship with clients, providing tailored solutions and faster response times. This channel allows for better negotiation of pricing and terms, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction. As manufacturers increasingly focus on building strong partnerships with key clients, the direct sales approach is expected to gain traction in the hot-rolled bars market.

Distributors:

Distributors are crucial intermediaries in the hot-rolled bars market, enabling manufacturers to extend their reach and provide products to a broader customer base. These distributors typically have established networks and relationships within various industries, allowing for efficient distribution and timely delivery of products. The use of distributors can greatly enhance market penetration, especially in regions where manufacturers may have limited presence. This distribution channel supports a diverse range of customers, from large industrial clients to small workshops, ensuring that hot-rolled bars are accessible to all market segments.

Online Retail:

The rise of e-commerce has also significantly impacted the distribution of hot-rolled bars, as online retail platforms provide convenience and accessibility for customers. Manufacturers are increasingly adopting online sales strategies to reach a wider audience and cater to the evolving purchasing behaviors of consumers and businesses alike. Online retail allows customers to compare products, prices, and specifications easily, driving informed purchasing decisions. This channel is particularly advantageous for smaller businesses and individual customers who may not have the capacity to place large orders but still require quality materials.

Wholesalers:

Wholesalers serve as important distribution channels in the hot-rolled bars market, often supplying products to smaller retailers and manufacturers. They facilitate bulk purchases and streamline the supply chain by providing a wide range of products to meet various customer needs. Wholesalers typically benefit from economies of scale, enabling them to offer competitive pricing to their customers. As the demand for hot-rolled bars continues to grow, wholesalers will play a vital role in ensuring that products are readily available across different market segments, enhancing overall market accessibility.

Others:

Other distribution channels, such as specialty suppliers and regional trade shows, also contribute to the hot-rolled bars market. Specialty suppliers often focus on niche markets, providing tailored solutions and products that meet specific industry standards. Regional trade shows are essential for networking and showcasing products, allowing manufacturers to connect directly with potential customers and industry stakeholders. These channels diversify the distribution landscape, ensuring that hot-rolled bars reach various clientele while enhancing market visibility and engagement.

By Material Type

Bearing Steel:

Bearing steel is a key material type in the hot-rolled bars market, known for its high resistance to wear and fatigue. This makes it an ideal choice for applications in the automotive and industrial sectors, where durability and reliability are essential. Bearing steel hot-rolled bars are often used in manufacturing bearings, gears, and other critical components that need to withstand high stress and loads. The increasing demand for high-performance materials in manufacturing processes is likely to drive the growth of bearing steel hot-rolled bars, as industries prioritize quality and longevity in their components.

Stainless Steel:

Stainless steel hot-rolled bars are valued for their corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal, making them suitable for a wide range of applications across various industries. These bars are commonly used in construction, automotive, and food processing applications, where hygiene and durability are paramount. The growing emphasis on sustainability and eco-friendliness is also driving the demand for stainless steel, as it can be recycled without losing its properties. As industries continue to focus on creating more sustainable products, the market for stainless steel hot-rolled bars is expected to expand significantly.

Alloy Steel:

Alloy steel hot-rolled bars are renowned for their enhanced mechanical properties, which make them suitable for applications requiring high strength and toughness. The alloying elements in these steels improve their performance characteristics, allowing them to be utilized in demanding environments, such as heavy machinery and structural applications. As industries increasingly seek materials that offer better performance in extreme conditions, the demand for alloy steel hot-rolled bars is projected to rise. This material type is particularly favored in sectors such as automotive and aerospace, where reliability and performance are critical.

Carbon Steel:

Carbon steel hot-rolled bars are widely used due to their overall strength, ductility, and affordability. They serve as a fundamental material in various applications, including construction and manufacturing. Carbon steel's versatility allows it to be easily processed and fabricated into different forms, making it a popular choice among manufacturers. As industries continue to expand and require cost-effective yet durable materials, carbon steel hot-rolled bars will maintain a significant share in the market. The demand for carbon steel is particularly strong in regions experiencing rapid industrial growth.

Others:

Other material types in the hot-rolled bars market comprise a variety of specialized steels and composites designed for specific applications. Manufacturers are continually innovating to develop new materials that cater to niche markets, addressing unique performance requirements. These materials may include high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels or specialized composites that provide enhanced characteristics for particular applications. As technology advances and industries evolve, the demand for diverse material types in the hot-rolled bars market will likely continue to grow, fostering innovation and product development.

By Region

The regional analysis of the hot-rolled bars market reveals varying trends and growth rates across different geographical areas. North America is anticipated to hold a significant market share due to the established automotive and industrial sectors in the region. The market in North America is projected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 4% from 2025 to 2035, driven by ongoing investments in infrastructure and manufacturing. Meanwhile, Europe remains a key player in the hot-rolled bars market, with a strong demand from the construction and aerospace industries. The presence of major manufacturers and a focus on advanced manufacturing processes further supports market growth in this region.

In Asia Pacific, the hot-rolled bars market is expected to experience the highest growth rate among all regions due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. Countries like China and India are increasing their production capacities and infrastructure development efforts, fueling the demand for hot-rolled bars. The region is projected to account for over 35% of the global market share by 2035. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also emerging markets for hot-rolled bars, albeit at a slower pace, as these regions continue to develop their industrial and construction sectors. Overall, the regional outlook for the hot-rolled bars market indicates robust growth potential, with varying dynamics and demand drivers across each region.

Opportunities

The growing trend toward sustainable construction and manufacturing practices presents significant opportunities for the hot-rolled bars market. As industries increasingly prioritize environmental considerations, the demand for high-quality, durable materials that can contribute to sustainable practices is rising. Manufacturers of hot-rolled bars can seize this opportunity by adopting eco-friendly production methods, such as utilizing recycled materials and minimizing waste during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, companies that can demonstrate a commitment to sustainability are likely to gain the favor of environmentally-conscious consumers and clients, thereby enhancing their market position. This shift toward sustainability not only opens new avenues for product innovation but also aligns with broader industry trends focused on reducing the environmental impact of manufacturing and construction activities.

Additionally, technological advancements in manufacturing processes and material science present further opportunities for market growth. Innovations such as automation, smart manufacturing, and the use of advanced materials can revolutionize the production of hot-rolled bars, improving efficiency and product quality. Manufacturers who invest in research and development to explore new applications and improve existing products will be better positioned to capture market share. The increasing demand for specialized hot-rolled bars tailored to specific applications also provides a lucrative opportunity for manufacturers to diversify their product offerings and meet the evolving needs of various industries. By staying ahead of technological developments and market trends, companies can ensure sustained growth and competitiveness in the hot-rolled bars market.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the hot-rolled bars market, several threats could hinder its growth. One of the primary challenges is the volatility of raw material prices, particularly steel, which can significantly impact production costs. Fluctuations in prices may result from various factors, including economic conditions, trade policies, and supply chain disruptions. Such volatility could lead manufacturers to increase prices, potentially affecting demand, especially in price-sensitive markets. Additionally, competition from alternative materials, such as composites and plastics, poses a threat to the market. As industries seek to reduce weight and improve efficiency, the adoption of lightweight materials could limit the demand for traditional hot-rolled bars.

Moreover, the global shift towards automation and digitalization could disrupt existing manufacturing processes, requiring companies to invest significantly in new technologies and workforce training. Firms that are slow to adapt to these changes may find themselves at a competitive disadvantage. Regulatory challenges and compliance requirements regarding environmental standards can also pose threats to market players, as non-compliance may lead to hefty fines and reputational damage. Therefore, manufacturers must navigate these challenges effectively to sustain growth and maintain market relevance.

Competitor Outlook

• ArcelorMittal
• Nippon Steel Corporation
• Thyssenkrupp AG
• JSW Steel
• United States Steel Corporation
• POSCO
• Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)
• JFE Steel Corporation
• Hyundai Steel
• Tata Steel
• Baosteel Group Corporation
• SSAB AB
• Gerdau S.A.
• Tenaris S.A.
• Metinvest Holding LLC

The competitive landscape of the hot-rolled bars market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging manufacturers, each striving to capture market share through strategic initiatives and product innovations. Major companies like ArcelorMittal, United States Steel Corporation, and Nippon Steel Corporation dominate the market with their extensive production capabilities and strong brand recognition. These companies have made significant investments in advanced manufacturing technologies, enabling them to produce high-quality hot-rolled bars that meet stringent industry standards. Their established distribution networks and customer relationships further bolster their competitive advantage, allowing them to maintain a strong foothold in the market.

Emerging players in the hot-rolled bars market are also gaining traction, particularly in regions witnessing rapid industrial growth. These companies often focus on niche markets or specialize in producing customized solutions that cater to specific customer requirements. By leveraging technological advancements and adapting to changing market demands, these new entrants are challenging established players and driving innovation in the industry. Furthermore, the increasing emphasis on sustainability is prompting manufacturers to invest in eco-friendly production processes, which can enhance their competitive position and appeal to environmentally-conscious consumers.

Some key competitors, such as Thyssenkrupp AG and POSCO, are notable for their commitment to research and development, allowing them to continuously innovate and improve their product offerings. Thyssenkrupp AG, for example, has implemented advanced steel processing techniques to enhance the performance characteristics of their hot-rolled bars, while POSCO has focused on developing sustainable practices within their production processes. Both companies are well-positioned to capitalize on emerging opportunities in the market, leveraging their technological expertise and strong market presence to drive growth.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 POSCO
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 SSAB AB
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 JSW Steel
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Tata Steel
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Gerdau S.A.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Tenaris S.A.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 ArcelorMittal
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Hyundai Steel
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Thyssenkrupp AG
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 JFE Steel Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Metinvest Holding LLC
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Nippon Steel Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Baosteel Group Corporation
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 United States Steel Corporation
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Automotive Industry
    • 6.1.2 Industrial Machinery
    • 6.1.3 Construction
    • 6.1.4 Aerospace
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Round Bars
    • 6.2.2 Square Bars
    • 6.2.3 Hexagonal Bars
    • 6.2.4 Flat Bars
    • 6.2.5 Customized Bars
  • 6.3 Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel Market, By Material Type
    • 6.3.1 Bearing Steel
    • 6.3.2 Stainless Steel
    • 6.3.3 Alloy Steel
    • 6.3.4 Carbon Steel
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributors
    • 6.4.3 Online Retail
    • 6.4.4 Wholesalers
    • 6.4.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Hot-Rolled Bars in Bearing Steel market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Round Bars
• Square Bars
• Hexagonal Bars
• Flat Bars
• Customized Bars

By Application

• Automotive Industry
• Industrial Machinery
• Construction
• Aerospace
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Online Retail
• Wholesalers
• Others

By Material Type

• Bearing Steel
• Stainless Steel
• Alloy Steel
• Carbon Steel
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• ArcelorMittal
• Nippon Steel Corporation
• Thyssenkrupp AG
• JSW Steel
• United States Steel Corporation
• POSCO
• Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)
• JFE Steel Corporation
• Hyundai Steel
• Tata Steel
• Baosteel Group Corporation
• SSAB AB
• Gerdau S.A.
• Tenaris S.A.
• Metinvest Holding LLC