High Conductivity Copper Alloy

High Conductivity Copper Alloy Market Outlook

The global high conductivity copper alloy market is projected to reach approximately USD 11 billion by 2035, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5% between 2025 and 2035. This growth can be attributed to the surging demand for high-performance materials in various industries, including automotive, electronics, and renewable energy. The increasing focus on energy efficiency and the push for electrification in transportation are further amplifying this demand. As industries continue to innovate with advanced technologies, the application of high conductivity copper alloys in manufacturing processes is becoming more prevalent, driving significant market expansion. Moreover, the growing trend towards lightweight materials and improved electrical properties presents lucrative opportunities for manufacturers within this market segment.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several key growth factors are influencing the high conductivity copper alloy market. Firstly, the increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) globally is generating greater demand for high conductivity materials due to their essential role in enhancing the efficiency of electrical components. Secondly, there is a considerable rise in the production of renewable energy systems, such as solar and wind energy, where high conductivity copper alloys are critical due to their excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Furthermore, advancements in manufacturing technologies are enabling companies to produce high-quality copper alloys with enhanced performance characteristics, thus attracting more players to the market. Additionally, the expansion of the telecommunications sector, driven by the need for robust and efficient connectivity solutions, is also contributing to market growth. Lastly, stringent regulations promoting energy-efficient products are stimulating demand for high conductivity copper alloys across various applications.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5% during the forecast period (2025-2035).
• Electric vehicles represent one of the primary drivers of demand for high conductivity copper alloys.
• Renewable energy applications are poised to significantly increase their share in the market.
• Advancements in manufacturing processes are enhancing the performance of copper alloys.
• Regions such as Asia Pacific and North America are expected to dominate the market due to robust industrial activities.

By Product Type

Copper Chromium Zirconium Alloy:

Copper chromium zirconium (CuCrZr) alloy is widely recognized for its excellent high-temperature strength and conductivity. This alloy is particularly suitable for applications requiring resistance to wear and fatigue, making it a favored choice in the electrical and electronics industries. Its ability to maintain conductivity at elevated temperatures is crucial in applications such as welding electrodes and electrical contacts, where performance and durability are paramount. The increasing demand for eco-friendly and energy-efficient solutions is further driving the growth of this alloy type, as it offers a reliable alternative to traditional materials. Additionally, its superior mechanical properties ensure its extensive use in various industrial applications, thus enhancing market traction.

Copper Nickel Silicon Alloy:

Copper nickel silicon (CuNiSi) alloy is another prominent type known for its excellent corrosion resistance and high electrical conductivity. This alloy is often utilized in environments exposed to harsh conditions, such as marine applications and chemical processing industries. Its high strength and fatigue resistance make it an ideal choice for components that undergo significant stress and strain. The growing emphasis on sustainable and resilient materials is expected to boost demand for CuNiSi alloys, particularly in the automotive sector, where lightweight and durable materials are increasingly preferred. The versatility of this alloy allows it to be tailored to meet specific requirements, further solidifying its position in the high conductivity copper alloy market.

Copper Iron Alloy:

Copper iron alloy stands out due to its remarkable strength and magnetic properties, making it suitable for use in a variety of electrical applications, particularly in transformers and inductors. The alloy's ability to maintain high conductivity while offering improved mechanical properties makes it a valuable material in manufacturing processes. As industries continue to prioritize efficiency and reliability, the demand for copper iron alloys is expected to rise, especially in electrical and electronics applications. Furthermore, the rise in investments towards the development of smart grid technologies is anticipated to create substantial growth opportunities for this alloy type, thereby enhancing its market position.

Copper Chromium Alloy:

Copper chromium alloy is well-known for its high strength and superior wear resistance. This alloy finds extensive use in applications where resistance to wear and high-temperature conditions is crucial. The automotive and aerospace industries often utilize copper chromium alloys for making various components that need to withstand extreme conditions. The increasing focus on enhancing the performance of electrical systems is expected to drive the demand for this alloy, especially in high-performance applications. Moreover, the advancements in manufacturing technologies that allow for better processing of this alloy are expected to further increase its adoption across various sectors, thus contributing positively to the market growth.

Copper Zinc Alloy:

Copper zinc alloy, commonly known as brass, is recognized for its excellent workability and mechanical properties. This alloy is frequently used in plumbing fittings, electrical connectors, and decorative items due to its corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal. The growing demand for brass in construction and decorative applications is driving its market growth. Moreover, the increasing trend towards sustainable construction practices is leading to heightened interest in using copper zinc alloys that are recyclable and environmentally friendly. The versatility of this alloy in different applications continues to enhance its market presence, making it a significant segment within the high conductivity copper alloy market.

By Application

Electrical & Electronics:

The electrical and electronics sector emerges as a significant application area for high conductivity copper alloys, driven by the increasing demand for electrical components that require superior conductivity and thermal properties. The rapid growth of advanced electronics, including smartphones, laptops, and other devices, is fueling the need for high-performance materials. Copper alloys' excellent electrical properties are crucial for applications such as connectors, switches, and circuit boards, where efficiency and durability are required. Moreover, the trend towards miniaturization in electronics is further propelling the demand for lightweight and highly conductive materials, thereby boosting the market for high conductivity copper alloys in this application segment.

Automotive:

The automotive industry is another key application area for high conductivity copper alloys, especially with the rise of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles. These alloys play a crucial role in the manufacturing of various components, such as battery connectors, electric motors, and wiring systems, where high electrical conductivity and thermal properties are essential for optimal performance. As the automotive sector increasingly shifts towards electrification to meet stringent environmental regulations, the demand for high conductivity copper alloys is expected to surge. Furthermore, the implementation of advanced manufacturing techniques to produce lightweight and efficient components will further enhance the adoption of these alloys in automotive applications.

Industrial Machinery:

High conductivity copper alloys are widely used in industrial machinery, where their excellent conductivity and strength properties contribute to improved operational efficiency. These alloys are particularly beneficial in manufacturing processes that require high-performance electrical components, such as motors, generators, and transformers. The growing demand for automation and smart manufacturing technologies is anticipated to drive the need for reliable electrical systems, thus augmenting the demand for high conductivity copper alloys in industrial machinery. Additionally, these alloys are essential in the production of specialized tools and equipment, further solidifying their importance in this application segment.

Renewable Energy:

Renewable energy applications represent a significant growth area for high conductivity copper alloys, driven by the global push towards sustainable energy sources. These alloys are extensively used in solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage systems, where their superior electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance are vital for ensuring efficient performance. As governments and industries invest heavily in renewable energy infrastructure, the demand for high conductivity copper alloys is expected to grow substantially. Moreover, innovations in renewable energy technology that require advanced materials are likely to provide lucrative opportunities for manufacturers of high conductivity copper alloys, thereby boosting market growth in this segment.

Others:

The 'Others' application segment encompasses a range of industries that utilize high conductivity copper alloys for specialized applications. These may include aerospace, telecommunications, and medical devices, where unique properties such as high conductivity, resistance to extreme temperatures, and biocompatibility are required. As industries continue to evolve and adopt advanced technologies, the need for high-performance materials is expected to rise, further expanding the market potential for high conductivity copper alloys in these diverse applications. Additionally, the growing trend towards customization and specialized alloy formulations is likely to provide further opportunities for innovation and market expansion.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales remain a crucial distribution channel for high conductivity copper alloys, allowing manufacturers to engage with clients directly and provide tailored solutions to meet specific needs. This method of distribution ensures better customer service and fosters strong relationships between manufacturers and end-users. Direct sales are particularly beneficial in the high conductivity copper alloy market, where technical specifications and performance characteristics play a vital role in purchasing decisions. Manufacturers often have dedicated sales teams that work closely with customers to understand their requirements and offer customized solutions, thus enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty, which ultimately drives market growth.

Indirect Sales:

Indirect sales channels, including distributors and agents, play an essential role in the high conductivity copper alloy market by providing manufacturers with wider market access and improved reach. These intermediaries often have established networks and relationships within specific industries, enabling them to effectively promote and sell high conductivity copper alloys to a broader audience. The advantage of indirect sales lies in their ability to reduce the burden on manufacturers, allowing them to focus on production and innovation while leveraging the expertise of sales partners. As the market continues to expand, the role of indirect sales channels will remain significant, facilitating the distribution of high conductivity copper alloys across various sectors.

By Ingredient Type

Copper:

Copper serves as the primary ingredient in high conductivity copper alloys, offering exceptional electrical conductivity and thermal properties. Its unique characteristics make it an indispensable material in various applications, particularly in the electrical and electronics sectors. The demand for copper is driven by the increasing need for efficient electrical systems, and as industries prioritize energy efficiency and sustainability, the reliance on copper in alloy formulations is likely to grow. Furthermore, advancements in recycling technologies are expected to enhance the supply chain for copper, ensuring that it remains a vital component in the high conductivity copper alloy market.

Chromium:

Chromium is another key ingredient in high conductivity copper alloys, where it is utilized to enhance the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloys. The addition of chromium improves tensile strength and wear resistance, making these alloys suitable for demanding applications in various industries. The growing emphasis on high-performance materials is likely to drive the demand for copper alloys containing chromium, especially in sectors such as automotive and industrial machinery. Additionally, as the focus on durable and resilient products increases, chromium-containing alloys are expected to gain further traction in the market.

Zirconium:

Zirconium is often included in high conductivity copper alloys to improve their strength and resistance to high-temperature environments. This ingredient is especially beneficial in applications that require reliable performance under extreme conditions, such as welding and electrical contact applications. The increasing need for high-performance materials that can withstand harsh operating conditions is expected to drive the demand for copper alloys containing zirconium. As industries strive for enhanced durability and efficiency, the role of zirconium in high conductivity copper alloys will likely become increasingly significant.

Nickel:

Nickel is utilized in high conductivity copper alloys to improve corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, particularly in environments where exposure to moisture and chemicals is a concern. The addition of nickel enhances the overall performance of the alloys, making them suitable for various applications in the automotive and electrical sectors. As the demand for durable and corrosion-resistant materials continues to rise, the inclusion of nickel in copper alloys is expected to foster growth in this market segment. Moreover, advancements in nickel alloy formulations are likely to provide manufacturers with opportunities to innovate and meet evolving industry demands.

Silicon:

Silicon is incorporated into high conductivity copper alloys to enhance their mechanical properties and electrical performance. This ingredient is particularly beneficial in applications that require improved fluidity and casting properties. The growing trend towards lightweight and efficient materials is expected to drive the demand for silicon-containing copper alloys, especially in the electronics and automotive industries. Moreover, as manufacturers continue to develop advanced alloy formulations that capitalize on the benefits of silicon, the market for high conductivity copper alloys is likely to see substantial growth.

By Region

North America is anticipated to dominate the high conductivity copper alloy market, driven by the robust presence of key industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics. The region's focus on technological advancements and manufacturing innovations significantly contributes to its market growth. Moreover, the strong emphasis on renewable energy initiatives and electric vehicle production is expected to propel demand for high conductivity copper alloys in North America. The market in this region is projected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 4.5% during the forecast period, reflecting a steady increase in adoption across various applications.

In Europe, the high conductivity copper alloy market is also poised for substantial growth, fueled by the increasing investment in electric mobility and renewable energy projects. The region's commitment to sustainability and energy efficiency is driving the demand for high-performance materials in electrical systems, which is beneficial for the copper alloy market. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness significant growth due to its expanding manufacturing base and rising demand for electrical components, particularly in countries like China and India. The combined growth in these regions is expected to complement the overall market expansion, ensuring a balanced distribution of market share.

Opportunities

The high conductivity copper alloy market presents several promising opportunities driven by technological advancements and increasing demand across various sectors. One of the most significant opportunities lies in the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles, which require high-performance materials for electrical components. As global automakers invest in electrification, the demand for high conductivity copper alloys is expected to surge, offering manufacturers a chance to innovate and cater to this evolving market. Additionally, advancements in renewable energy technologies, particularly in solar and wind power, are likely to create new applications for these materials, further propelling market growth. Manufacturers who focus on developing sustainable and efficient alloy formulations could significantly benefit from this trend, positioning themselves favorably in a competitive landscape.

Another area of opportunity exists in the increasing emphasis on energy-efficient technologies across various industries. As companies strive to reduce their carbon footprint and improve operational efficiency, the demand for high conductivity copper alloys that support these initiatives will rise. Industries such as telecommunications and industrial machinery are also undergoing rapid transformations, creating significant demand for advanced materials. Furthermore, the ongoing innovations in recycling technologies present an opportunity for manufacturers to leverage sustainable practices and cater to environmentally conscious customers. By capitalizing on these trends, stakeholders in the high conductivity copper alloy market can establish a strong foothold and drive growth in the coming years.

Threats

Despite the promising growth prospects of the high conductivity copper alloy market, several threats may hinder its progress. One significant threat is the volatility in raw material prices, particularly copper, which can impact the manufacturing cost and pricing strategies for alloy producers. Fluctuations in the global supply chain, driven by geopolitical tensions or changes in trade regulations, can also disrupt operations and affect the availability of materials needed for production. Additionally, the increasing competition from alternative materials, such as aluminum and composite materials, poses a challenge to the market, as industries explore cost-effective and lightweight options for their applications. The potential shift in demand towards these alternatives can undermine the growth of high conductivity copper alloys in certain sectors, necessitating strategic adaptations from manufacturers to maintain their market position.

Another critical threat to the high conductivity copper alloy market is the impact of regulatory changes aimed at promoting sustainable practices. As governments implement stricter regulations regarding material usage and environmental standards, manufacturers may face challenges in adapting their processes and products to comply. The need for investments in research and development to meet these regulations may also strain financial resources, particularly for smaller manufacturers. Additionally, the ongoing push for recycling and circular economy initiatives could lead to a reduction in demand for newly produced alloys, impacting the overall market dynamics. Addressing these threats will require proactive strategies and a commitment to innovation among market players.

Competitor Outlook

• Southern Copper Corporation
• Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.
• Nornickel
• Teck Resources Limited
• KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
• Rio Tinto Group
• BHP Group
• First Quantum Minerals Ltd.
• Antofagasta PLC
• Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
• Vale S.A.
• American CuMo Mining Corporation
• China Molybdenum Co., Ltd.
• China Northern Rare Earth Group High-Tech Co., Ltd.
• Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited

The competitive landscape of the high conductivity copper alloy market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies striving to gain market share through innovation and differentiation. Major companies are investing in research and development to enhance their product offerings, focusing on improving performance characteristics such as conductivity, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. Additionally, collaborations with industry stakeholders and participation in strategic partnerships are common practices among these companies to expand their market presence and cater to diverse customer needs. As the market continues to evolve, companies are also increasingly adopting sustainability practices in their operations, aligning with the growing demand for eco-friendly materials.

Southern Copper Corporation stands out as a leading player in the high conductivity copper alloy market, known for its extensive mining and production capabilities. The company has a robust portfolio of high-quality copper products, catering to various industries, including electrical and electronics, automotive, and construction. With a strong focus on sustainability and responsible mining practices, Southern Copper Corporation is well-positioned to meet the increasing demand for high conductivity copper alloys. Similarly, Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. has established itself as a prominent player in the global copper industry, with a diverse range of products aimed at enhancing performance and meeting customer specifications.

Another noteworthy competitor in the market is BHP Group, which emphasizes innovation and efficiency in its production processes. The company's commitment to sustainability and reducing environmental impact aligns with the increasing demand for eco-friendly materials in various sectors. Additionally, companies such as KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. and Rio Tinto Group are also making significant strides in the high conductivity copper alloy market, leveraging their extensive experience and resources to drive growth and enhance their product offerings. As competition intensifies, these companies are likely to continue focusing on research, innovation, and customer engagement to gain a competitive edge in the evolving market landscape.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 BHP Group
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Nornickel
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Vale S.A.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Antofagasta PLC
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Rio Tinto Group
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Teck Resources Limited
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 China Molybdenum Co., Ltd.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 First Quantum Minerals Ltd.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Southern Copper Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 American CuMo Mining Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 China Northern Rare Earth Group High-Tech Co., Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 High Conductivity Copper Alloy Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Electrical & Electronics
    • 6.1.2 Automotive
    • 6.1.3 Industrial Machinery
    • 6.1.4 Renewable Energy
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 High Conductivity Copper Alloy Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Copper Chromium Zirconium Alloy
    • 6.2.2 Copper Nickel Silicon Alloy
    • 6.2.3 Copper Iron Alloy
    • 6.2.4 Copper Chromium Alloy
    • 6.2.5 Copper Zinc Alloy
  • 6.3 High Conductivity Copper Alloy Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Copper
    • 6.3.2 Chromium
    • 6.3.3 Zirconium
    • 6.3.4 Nickel
    • 6.3.5 Silicon
  • 6.4 High Conductivity Copper Alloy Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Indirect Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 High Conductivity Copper Alloy Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global High Conductivity Copper Alloy market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Copper Chromium Zirconium Alloy
• Copper Nickel Silicon Alloy
• Copper Iron Alloy
• Copper Chromium Alloy
• Copper Zinc Alloy

By Application

• Electrical & Electronics
• Automotive
• Industrial Machinery
• Renewable Energy
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Indirect Sales

By Ingredient Type

• Copper
• Chromium
• Zirconium
• Nickel
• Silicon

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Southern Copper Corporation
• Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.
• Nornickel
• Teck Resources Limited
• KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
• Rio Tinto Group
• BHP Group
• First Quantum Minerals Ltd.
• Antofagasta PLC
• Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
• Vale S.A.
• American CuMo Mining Corporation
• China Molybdenum Co., Ltd.
• China Northern Rare Earth Group High-Tech Co., Ltd.
• Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited