Graphene Electronic

Graphene Electronic Market Outlook

The global Graphene Electronic Market is poised for substantial growth, projected to reach approximately USD 3.45 billion by 2035, with a remarkable compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 30.2%. This surge is primarily driven by the increasing demand for lightweight and high-performance materials across various industries, coupled with the rising adoption of advanced electronic devices. Innovations in graphene technology, including the development of graphene-based transistors and sensors, are significantly contributing to market expansion. Furthermore, the proliferation of consumer electronics, alongside ongoing research and development activities in the aerospace and automotive sectors, is expected to enhance market opportunities. The environmental sustainability of graphene materials is another vital factor propelling market growth, as industries seek eco-friendly alternatives to traditional materials.

Growth Factor of the Market

The graphene electronic market is experiencing robust growth due to several key factors that ensure its ascending trajectory in the global landscape. Firstly, the expanding application of graphene across various sectors, including consumer electronics, aerospace, and healthcare, significantly amplifies its market viability. The unique properties of graphene—such as its high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and flexibility—make it an ideal candidate for next-generation electronic devices. Moreover, the increasing investments in research and development by tech giants and startups alike are fostering innovation and the commercialization of graphene-based products. Furthermore, the growing emphasis on energy-efficient solutions is driving demand for graphene supercapacitors and batteries, which provide superior performance compared to conventional options. Lastly, the increasing prevalence of IoT and wearable technology further accentuates the need for advanced materials like graphene to meet the demand for compact, lightweight, and efficient electronic components.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Projected market size of USD 3.45 billion by 2035, with a CAGR of 30.2%.
• Increasing application scope in various industries, including consumer electronics and automotive.
• Strong emphasis on research and development to enhance graphene technology.
• Growing preference for sustainable materials over traditional options.
• Emerging opportunities in the IoT and wearable technology market segments.

By Product Type

Graphene Transistors:

Graphene transistors are at the forefront of graphene electronic innovations, leveraging the material's exceptional electrical properties to create high-speed and low-power devices. With their ability to operate at much faster frequencies than silicon-based transistors, graphene transistors promise to revolutionize the semiconductor industry by enabling the development of ultra-fast computing systems. Ongoing advancements in synthesis techniques and device architecture are further enhancing the performance and scalability of these transistors. Additionally, the compact nature of graphene allows for miniaturization of electronic components, thus paving the way for more efficient and robust electronic devices.

Graphene Sensors:

Graphene sensors have emerged as a transformative technology, offering unparalleled sensitivity and rapid response times for various applications. These sensors can detect a wide range of gases and biomolecules, making them invaluable in fields such as healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The high surface area of graphene enhances its interaction with target molecules, leading to improved detection limits. Additionally, ongoing research into integrating graphene sensors with IoT technologies is expected to open new avenues for real-time monitoring and data collection, driving further demand in the market.

Graphene Conductive Films:

Graphene conductive films are gaining traction due to their superior electrical conductivity and flexibility, making them ideal for use in touchscreens, flexible displays, and solar cells. These films offer a lightweight alternative to traditional metal-based conductive materials, thus enhancing device efficiency while reducing weight. The adoption of graphene films in commercial products is accelerating, driven by the rising demand for flexible electronics and energy-harvesting applications. As manufacturers continue to explore innovative methods for the production and application of these films, their market penetration is expected to increase significantly.

Graphene Batteries:

Graphene batteries are revolutionizing the energy storage landscape by offering higher energy densities and faster charging capabilities compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. The incorporation of graphene enhances the performance of electrodes, leading to improved battery life and efficiency. This technology is particularly beneficial for electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, where extended battery life is crucial. As research continues to optimize graphene compositions and manufacturing processes, the commercial availability of graphene batteries is likely to expand, further driving market growth.

Graphene Supercapacitors:

Graphene supercapacitors represent another vital segment of the graphene electronic market, characterized by their ability to charge and discharge energy rapidly. This attribute makes them ideal for applications requiring quick bursts of power, such as in renewable energy systems and electric vehicles. The lightweight and efficient nature of graphene supercapacitors positions them as a complementary technology to traditional batteries, providing a balance of high energy density and power density. As the demand for energy storage solutions continues to rise, the integration of graphene supercapacitors in various applications is anticipated to grow, establishing a strong foothold in the market.

By Application

Consumer Electronics:

The consumer electronics sector is one of the largest applications of graphene electronic materials, with products including smartphones, tablets, and wearables. The unique properties of graphene allow for the development of thinner, lighter, and more energy-efficient devices. As consumer preferences shift towards advanced functionalities and longer battery life, manufacturers are increasingly incorporating graphene-based materials to enhance device performance. Additionally, the integration of graphene sensors in wearables is revolutionizing personal health monitoring, providing users with real-time data and insights.

Aerospace & Defense:

In the aerospace and defense sector, the demand for lightweight and robust materials is paramount. Graphene is being explored for applications such as advanced composites, coatings, and electronic components in aircraft and military equipment. The exceptional strength-to-weight ratio of graphene provides significant advantages in enhancing the performance and efficiency of aerial vehicles. Furthermore, the ability of graphene to withstand extreme conditions makes it an attractive choice for defense applications, where reliability and durability are critical. This segment is expected to see significant growth as research progresses into scalable production techniques and practical applications of graphene in aerospace innovations.

Healthcare:

The healthcare sector is witnessing an increasing adoption of graphene-based technologies for various applications, including biosensors, drug delivery systems, and medical imaging. Graphene’s biocompatibility and high surface area facilitate the design of advanced medical devices that can detect diseases at an early stage and provide targeted therapy. Moreover, the integration of graphene sensors for real-time monitoring of patient vitals exemplifies the transformative potential of this material in healthcare. As the industry moves towards personalized medicine, the role of graphene in developing sophisticated healthcare solutions is poised to expand significantly, driving market growth.

Automotive:

In the automotive industry, graphene is gaining traction for its potential to enhance vehicle performance and sustainability. Applications include lightweight materials for vehicle bodies, advanced batteries for electric vehicles, and supercapacitors for regenerative braking systems. The automotive sector is increasingly focusing on reducing carbon emissions, and graphene provides an effective solution to achieve lightweight designs without compromising safety or durability. As electric vehicles become more mainstream, the demand for graphene-based solutions is surging, with manufacturers exploring innovative applications to improve energy efficiency and performance.

Industrial:

In industrial applications, graphene is being utilized for its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. Industries such as manufacturing and construction are leveraging graphene to develop high-performance materials that can withstand extreme conditions, thereby enhancing operational efficiency. Applications range from conductive coatings to advanced composites used in machinery and tools. The ongoing trend of industrial automation and the need for more efficient production processes are expected to drive the demand for graphene materials in this sector, reinforcing its significance in the market.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

The segment of online stores is rapidly expanding in the graphene electronic market, facilitating easier access to a broader audience. E-commerce platforms allow consumers and businesses to explore a wide range of graphene-based products, making purchasing more convenient than ever. Online sales are boosted by the increasing trend of digitalization and consumer preference for convenient shopping experiences. Additionally, online retailers often provide detailed product information and customer reviews, enhancing buyer confidence and driving market growth.

Electronics Retailers:

Electronics retailers play a vital role in the distribution of graphene electronic products, offering customers a hands-on shopping experience. These retailers often house a variety of graphene-based devices and components, allowing consumers to compare products in real-time. The growing presence of specialty electronics stores that focus on innovative technologies is particularly beneficial for promoting graphene products. As consumer awareness regarding graphene's benefits increases, the demand for in-store displays and consultations will likely drive sales through traditional retail channels.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores dedicated to advanced materials and electronics are crucial in promoting graphene products to niche markets. These retailers focus on high-tech applications and offer a curated selection of graphene-based technologies tailored to specific industries, such as aerospace, automotive, and healthcare. By providing expert guidance and in-depth knowledge about graphene’s properties and applications, specialty stores can help educate consumers about the advantages of using graphene in various contexts. This targeted approach is expected to foster market growth by attracting businesses seeking specialized solutions.

Direct Sales:

Direct sales channels are significant for the graphene electronic market, particularly for businesses that engage in B2B transactions. Companies that manufacture graphene products often utilize direct sales to establish strong relationships with clients, ensuring a better understanding of their specific requirements. This channel allows manufacturers to provide tailored solutions and as-needed support, enhancing customer satisfaction. As industries increasingly adopt graphene solutions, the demand for direct sales interactions will likely rise, promoting stronger partnerships and driving market growth.

By Ingredient Type

Monolayer Graphene:

Monolayer graphene, consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional lattice, is renowned for its remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. This ingredient type is critical for applications requiring high performance, such as graphene transistors and sensors. The unique properties of monolayer graphene enable innovations in the electronics sector, allowing for the creation of devices that are not only faster but also more efficient. As research and production techniques continue to advance, the commercial viability of monolayer graphene is expected to grow, driving its adoption in various applications.

Bilayer Graphene:

Bilayer graphene, composed of two layers of carbon atoms, offers distinct advantages over monolayer graphene, including tunable electronic properties. This ingredient type is particularly useful in applications where adjustable characteristics are desirable, such as in advanced electronic components. The increased stability of bilayer graphene compared to monolayer forms allows for enhanced performance in devices like transistors and sensors. As the market for tunable materials expands, the demand for bilayer graphene is anticipated to increase, reinforcing its position in the industry.

Few-Layer Graphene:

Few-layer graphene, consisting of multiple layers of graphene, offers a balance between performance and cost-effectiveness. This ingredient type is particularly suited for applications where high-volume production is required, such as in conductive films and batteries. Few-layer graphene maintains many properties of its monolayer counterpart while providing enhanced mechanical strength and stability, making it ideal for various industrial applications. As manufacturers seek to optimize production processes and reduce costs, the use of few-layer graphene is expected to grow, further solidifying its role in the graphene electronic market.

Graphene Oxide:

Graphene oxide, a derivative of graphene, is characterized by its oxygen-containing functional groups, which enhance its dispersibility in solvents and matrices. This ingredient type is widely used in the production of composite materials, coatings, and inks due to its compatibility with various substances. Graphene oxide is particularly valuable in applications where solubility and dispersion are critical, such as in the development of advanced composites and sensors. As the demand for versatile materials in electronics continues to rise, the market for graphene oxide is likely to broaden, driving its adoption in new applications.

Graphene Nanoribbons:

Graphene nanoribbons, narrow strips of graphene, are emerging as a promising candidate for next-generation electronic devices due to their unique electronic properties and edge effects. These structures can be engineered to exhibit either metallic or semiconducting behavior, making them highly versatile for various applications in electronics and optoelectronics. The ability to tailor the bandgap of graphene nanoribbons opens avenues for their use in high-performance transistors, sensors, and photodetectors. As research in this area advances, the adoption of graphene nanoribbons in commercial applications is expected to grow, contributing significantly to the overall market expansion.

By Region

The North American region is a significant player in the graphene electronic market, driven by strong research and development initiatives and the presence of major technology companies. The region accounted for approximately 35% of the global market share in 2023, fueled by advancements in consumer electronics and the automotive sector. The presence of numerous startups and established firms engaged in the exploration and application of graphene technology further bolsters North America's position in the market. The region is also witnessing a growing trend toward sustainability, prompting industries to adopt graphene materials as eco-friendly solutions, which is expected to propel market growth at a CAGR of 31% through the forecast period.

In Europe, the graphene electronic market is also experiencing significant growth, particularly due to government initiatives and funding for graphene research. Countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, and France are leading the charge in graphene innovation, supported by collaborative efforts between universities and industry players. The European market accounted for approximately 28% of the global share in 2023, driven by applications in healthcare, aerospace, and industrial sectors. As the region continues to prioritize advanced materials and environmental sustainability, the demand for graphene products is anticipated to rise, creating ample opportunities for market expansion.

Opportunities

The graphene electronic market is ripe with opportunities, primarily driven by the increasing demand for advanced materials in emerging technologies. As industries seek to enhance the performance and efficiency of their products, graphene’s unique properties present a compelling solution. The rise of electric vehicles, for instance, is creating a significant demand for graphene-based batteries and supercapacitors, offering manufacturers the chance to develop innovative energy storage solutions. Additionally, the expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable technology is further driving the need for advanced sensors and conductive films, positioning graphene as a key material in these applications. Furthermore, the ongoing research into new synthesis methods and applications for graphene ensures that the market remains dynamic, with continuous innovation fostering new opportunities for growth.

Moreover, the global push towards sustainability and environmental responsibility presents a unique opportunity for the graphene electronic market. As industries strive to reduce their carbon footprint and adopt greener technologies, graphene's eco-friendly characteristics make it an attractive alternative to traditional materials. This trend is particularly evident in sectors such as construction, automotive, and consumer electronics, where companies are increasingly looking for lightweight and sustainable materials. The potential for graphene to contribute to energy-efficient solutions and renewable energy applications further enhances its market appeal. As awareness of graphene's benefits continues to grow, manufacturers are likely to capitalize on these opportunities to drive market expansion and meet evolving consumer demands.

Threats

Despite its promising outlook, the graphene electronic market faces several threats that could hinder its growth trajectory. One of the primary concerns is the challenge of scalability in the production of high-quality graphene materials. The current manufacturing processes often involve high costs and complex techniques, making it difficult to meet the growing demand for graphene products at an affordable price point. Additionally, as the market becomes more competitive, the risk of price fluctuations and increased competition among suppliers may pose a threat to established companies. The potential availability of alternative materials that could replicate some of graphene's unique properties might also deter investment and innovation in the sector. Furthermore, regulatory challenges and safety concerns regarding graphene's environmental impact may limit its adoption in certain applications, necessitating careful scrutiny and management from both manufacturers and regulatory bodies.

Another significant restraining factor for the graphene electronic market is the lack of standardization and established guidelines for graphene products. As the technology is still in its nascent stages, a clear framework for quality control, product certification, and performance benchmarks is yet to be fully developed. This lack of standardization can lead to inconsistencies in product quality and consumer skepticism, hindering market growth. Moreover, the high initial investment required for research and development can deter smaller businesses from entering the market, further consolidating power among a few large players. It is essential for stakeholders in the graphene electronic market to address these challenges collaboratively, ensuring that the benefits of graphene technologies are realized while mitigating potential risks.

Competitor Outlook

• Graphenea S.A.
• Applied Graphene Materials PLC
• Vorbeck Materials Corp.
• Directa Plus S.p.A.
• Haydale Graphene Industries PLC
• XG Sciences, Inc.
• NanoXplore Inc.
• GrapheneCA
• Saint Jean Carbon Inc.
• G6 Materials Corp.
• FirstGraphene Ltd.
• Nanoscale Materials, Inc.
• Graphene Solutions
• Thrust Carbon
• Angstron Materials, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the graphene electronic market is characterized by a mix of established companies and emerging startups, all vying for a share of this rapidly growing market. The market is marked by significant investments in research and development, as key players strive to innovate and enhance their product offerings. Companies like Graphenea S.A. and Applied Graphene Materials PLC are leading the charge in the production of high-quality graphene materials, focusing on expanding their applications across various industries. Additionally, firms such as Vorbeck Materials and Haydale Graphene Industries are leveraging their expertise to develop specialized graphene-based products, capitalizing on the unique properties of graphene to meet the needs of diverse markets.

As the market continues to evolve, strategic partnerships and collaborations are becoming more prevalent among key players. For instance, companies are entering into joint ventures with research institutions to explore new graphene applications and improve manufacturing processes. This collaborative approach not only drives innovation but also accelerates the commercialization of graphene technologies, fostering a competitive edge in the marketplace. Furthermore, the trend of mergers and acquisitions is likely to shape the future of the market as larger firms seek to consolidate their positions and access advanced technologies and expertise from smaller players.

In addition to these competitive dynamics, regulatory considerations and sustainability initiatives are influencing the strategies of key players in the graphene electronic market. Companies are increasingly prioritizing eco-friendly practices and ensuring compliance with environmental standards, reflecting a growing awareness of the need for responsible production and consumption. This focus on sustainability is expected to resonate with consumers and businesses alike, enhancing the marketability of graphene products. As stakeholders navigate these complexities, the ability to adapt to changing market conditions and invest in innovative solutions will be critical for long-term success in the graphene electronic market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 GrapheneCA
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Thrust Carbon
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Graphenea S.A.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 NanoXplore Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 XG Sciences, Inc.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 FirstGraphene Ltd.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 G6 Materials Corp.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Graphene Solutions
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Directa Plus S.p.A.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Saint Jean Carbon Inc.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Vorbeck Materials Corp.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Angstron Materials, Inc.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Nanoscale Materials, Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Applied Graphene Materials PLC
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Haydale Graphene Industries PLC
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Graphene Electronic Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Consumer Electronics
    • 6.1.2 Aerospace & Defense
    • 6.1.3 Healthcare
    • 6.1.4 Automotive
    • 6.1.5 Industrial
  • 6.2 Graphene Electronic Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Graphene Transistors
    • 6.2.2 Graphene Sensors
    • 6.2.3 Graphene Conductive Films
    • 6.2.4 Graphene Batteries
    • 6.2.5 Graphene Supercapacitors
  • 6.3 Graphene Electronic Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Monolayer Graphene
    • 6.3.2 Bilayer Graphene
    • 6.3.3 Few-Layer Graphene
    • 6.3.4 Graphene Oxide
    • 6.3.5 Graphene Nanoribbons
  • 6.4 Graphene Electronic Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Stores
    • 6.4.2 Electronics Retailers
    • 6.4.3 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.4 Direct Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Graphene Electronic Market by Region
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Graphene Electronic market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Graphene Transistors
• Graphene Sensors
• Graphene Conductive Films
• Graphene Batteries
• Graphene Supercapacitors

By Application

• Consumer Electronics
• Aerospace & Defense
• Healthcare
• Automotive
• Industrial

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Electronics Retailers
• Specialty Stores
• Direct Sales

By Ingredient Type

• Monolayer Graphene
• Bilayer Graphene
• Few-Layer Graphene
• Graphene Oxide
• Graphene Nanoribbons

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Graphenea S.A.
• Applied Graphene Materials PLC
• Vorbeck Materials Corp.
• Directa Plus S.p.A.
• Haydale Graphene Industries PLC
• XG Sciences, Inc.
• NanoXplore Inc.
• GrapheneCA
• Saint Jean Carbon Inc.
• G6 Materials Corp.
• FirstGraphene Ltd.
• Nanoscale Materials, Inc.
• Graphene Solutions
• Thrust Carbon
• Angstron Materials, Inc.