Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana

Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana Market Outlook

The global medical marijuana market is projected to reach approximately USD 56.7 billion by 2025, progressing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.8% during the forecast period of 2025 to 2033. This rapid growth can be attributed to increasing acceptance and legalization of medical marijuana across various regions, particularly in Europe, where both Germany and the Netherlands are leading markets. Additionally, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases and the growing consumer base understanding the therapeutic benefits of cannabis products are key factors accelerating market momentum. Furthermore, innovations in product formulations and delivery methods are expected to attract a wider audience, helping to further boost market expansion in this sector.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the primary growth factors for the medical marijuana market in Germany and the Netherlands is the increasing number of patients seeking alternative treatment options for chronic conditions. As the stigma surrounding marijuana fades, more healthcare professionals are willing to prescribe medical cannabis, leading to an uptick in usage. Advances in research that highlight the efficacy of cannabinoids in treating various ailments, such as chronic pain and nausea, further underpin market growth. Additionally, the regulatory frameworks are evolving, allowing for greater access and distribution channels across the two countries. The investment in education and awareness campaigns about the benefits and safe use of medical marijuana is also crucial, as it reassures both healthcare providers and patients. Lastly, the growing trend of self-medication, particularly among younger populations, is propelling demand for diverse product types, thereby enriching market dynamics.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The medical marijuana market is rapidly expanding due to increasing legalization and acceptance.
• Germany and the Netherlands are at the forefront of medical marijuana policies in Europe.
• Chronic pain management remains the leading application for medical marijuana use.
• The product type segment is diverse, with significant interest in concentrates and edibles.
• Online retail channels are experiencing rapid growth, enhancing product accessibility.

By Product Type

Flower:

The flower segment of the medical marijuana market is the most traditional and widely recognized form. It consists of the dried flower buds of the cannabis plant that can be smoked, vaporized, or used in various ways to deliver therapeutic benefits. Patients often prefer this form due to its quick onset of effects, allowing for rapid relief from symptoms such as chronic pain or anxiety. Additionally, the availability of various strains, each with different cannabinoid profiles, provides patients with options tailored to their specific medical needs. This segment is expected to maintain its significance in the market, owing to its cultural history and the preferences of long-time cannabis users.

Concentrates:

Concentrates have gained immense popularity within the cannabis community due to their high potency and versatility. These products, which include oils, waxes, and shatter, contain significantly higher concentrations of cannabinoids, offering patients a more effective option for treatment. Concentrates are often used for both medical and recreational purposes, and their diverse usage methods—such as dabbing or incorporation into edibles—make them highly attractive. The demand for concentrates is on the rise in Germany and the Netherlands, fueled by consumer education and the growing popularity of cannabis culture. As more patients seek effective pain management solutions, concentrates are poised to capture a larger market share.

Topicals:

Topical applications of medical marijuana are gaining traction as a non-invasive treatment option for localized pain and inflammation. These products, which include creams, balms, and lotions infused with cannabinoids, allow for targeted relief without the psychoactive effects typically associated with marijuana use. This aspect appeals to a broad demographic, particularly among patients who are hesitant to consume cannabis via smoking or ingestion. The growth in this segment is also attributed to increased research supporting the effectiveness of topical cannabinoids in managing skin conditions and muscle pain, thereby expanding the potential user base further.

Edibles:

The edibles segment has emerged as one of the most consumer-friendly forms of medical marijuana. These products, which can be found in various forms such as gummies, chocolates, and snacks, offer a discreet and enjoyable method of consumption. The appeal of edibles lies in their ease of use and the prolonged effects they provide due to slower absorption rates. As more patients opt for this method, particularly those new to cannabis or looking for non-smoking alternatives, the demand for innovative and tasty edible offerings continues to grow. Additionally, the ability to control dosage more precisely enhances the appeal for patients requiring consistent therapeutic effects.

Tinctures:

Tinctures represent an efficient and highly concentrated form of cannabis that appeals to both medical and recreational users. Typically formulated with alcohol or oil, these liquid extracts can be administered sublingually for swift onset of effects or added to food and beverages. Tinctures are especially popular among patients seeking precise dosage control, as they allow users to easily measure the amount consumed. This segment is experiencing increasing interest as patients appreciate the discretion and ease of use that tinctures provide, particularly those who might be uncomfortable with traditional methods of consumption.

By Application

Chronic Pain:

Chronic pain management is one of the primary applications driving the growth of the medical marijuana market. Patients suffering from conditions such as arthritis, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain are increasingly turning to cannabis as an alternative or complement to traditional pain medications. Research indicates that cannabinoids can effectively alleviate pain, making this segment crucial for market expansion. The growing acceptance of medical marijuana by healthcare providers for pain management is facilitating this trend, with more patients receiving prescriptions tailored to their needs. The emphasis on patient-centered care is further solidifying the role of cannabis in therapeutic pain management.

Cancer:

The application of medical marijuana in cancer care is gaining significant attention, especially for managing pain and alleviating the side effects associated with chemotherapy, such as nausea and loss of appetite. Numerous studies have indicated that cannabinoids can help improve the quality of life for cancer patients, making this a vital area of focus. As more healthcare practitioners recognize the benefits of medical marijuana in supporting cancer treatment, the adoption rates are expected to rise. The growth in this segment is also driven by patient testimonials and advocacy groups working to promote awareness of cannabis as a viable treatment option during cancer therapy.

Arthritis:

Arthritis is another prevalent condition for which medical marijuana is increasingly being utilized. The anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoids can be particularly beneficial for patients dealing with various forms of arthritis, including rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. As patients search for alternatives to NSAIDs and other conventional medications, cannabis is emerging as a popular option with fewer side effects. The positive feedback from patients experiencing relief through marijuana has led to broader acceptance and interest in using it for arthritis management, thereby strengthening this segment of the market.

Neurological Disorders:

Medical marijuana has shown promise in treating a range of neurological disorders, including epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. Clinical studies have showcased the effectiveness of cannabinoids in reducing seizure frequency and improving overall quality of life for patients. The increasing recognition of cannabis's therapeutic potential in neurological disorders is supported by the growing body of research exploring its neuroprotective properties. As more patients and doctors become aware of these benefits, the segment is anticipated to grow, leading to greater acceptance of medical marijuana as a legitimate treatment option for neurological conditions.

Others:

In addition to the predominant applications mentioned, there is a growing interest in utilizing medical marijuana for various other health conditions, including anxiety, PTSD, and gastrointestinal disorders. The versatility of cannabinoids enables them to provide relief across a broad spectrum of ailments, with many patients seeking alternative therapies that traditional medicine has not effectively addressed. As the medical community continues to research and validate these applications, the segment is likely to expand, further solidifying the position of medical marijuana in integrated healthcare approaches.

By Distribution Channel

Dispensaries:

Dispensaries remain the most common distribution channel for medical marijuana, serving as dedicated retail outlets where patients can access a wide range of cannabis products. These establishments are particularly popular in Germany and the Netherlands, where regulations allow for licensed dispensaries to operate. The staff at these facilities are typically knowledgeable about the products and can assist patients in selecting the most appropriate options for their medical needs. This personalized approach fosters a strong customer relationship, which is crucial for patient retention and satisfaction, making dispensaries an essential part of the medical marijuana supply chain.

Online Stores:

The rise of e-commerce has transformed the medical marijuana landscape significantly. Online stores have emerged as a convenient option for patients who prefer purchasing their products discreetly from the comfort of their homes. This distribution channel offers a broader range of products and often features customer reviews, enabling buyers to make informed choices. The increasing shift towards online shopping, coupled with the ongoing digitalization of health services, is likely to propel this segment's growth, particularly among tech-savvy younger patients who appreciate the accessibility and convenience of ordering online.

Hospitals/Pharmacies:

The involvement of hospitals and pharmacies in the distribution of medical marijuana represents a significant step towards mainstream acceptance of cannabis as a legitimate medical treatment. Many healthcare facilities are beginning to incorporate cannabis products into their treatment protocols, particularly for patients with complex medical needs. This channel is beneficial as it provides patients with a medically supervised environment for acquiring marijuana, ensuring that they receive appropriate guidance regarding dosage and administration. The collaboration between medical professionals and pharmacies is anticipated to enhance the credibility of medical marijuana, thereby increasing its adoption among patients.

Wellness Centers:

Wellness centers are increasingly becoming a popular distribution channel for medical marijuana, particularly among patients interested in holistic health approaches. These centers often provide a range of services, including counseling, physical therapy, and nutritional guidance, alongside the sale of cannabis products. By combining conventional wellness practices with medical marijuana, these establishments cater to patients looking for a more integrated approach to health. The rising consumer interest in wellness and alternative therapies positions wellness centers as a valuable channel in the medical marijuana market.

Others:

Other distribution channels, such as special events and pop-up shops, are emerging within the medical marijuana market. These channels provide unique opportunities for patients to explore different products and learn about their benefits in a community-focused environment. As awareness surrounding medical marijuana continues to grow, alternative distribution methods that foster engagement and education are likely to gain traction. This segment may include farmers' markets and community fairs, where patients can connect with local growers and suppliers, enriching their knowledge and experience with medical cannabis.

By Ingredient Type

THC-Dominant:

THC-dominant products are known for their psychoactive effects, which can provide significant relief for various medical conditions. These products are particularly effective for patients dealing with severe pain, nausea, and appetite loss. The popularity of THC-dominant strains is evident in their dominant market share, as many patients prefer the potent therapeutic effects that THC provides. Additionally, the growing knowledge among consumers regarding the benefits of THC for managing specific health issues is contributing to the expansion of this segment, with more patients seeking these products to enhance their quality of life.

CBD-Dominant:

CBD-dominant products have gained exponential popularity due to their non-psychoactive nature, making them an increasingly attractive option for patients who want to avoid the high associated with THC. These products are known for their therapeutic benefits in managing anxiety, inflammation, and seizure disorders. The rising awareness and acceptance of CBD's health benefits, along with its legal status in several regions, have played a pivotal role in driving demand. This segment's growth is also supported by the increasing availability of CBD products across various distribution channels, enhancing patient access to these alternatives.

Balanced THC/CBD:

Balanced THC/CBD products represent a unique category that combines the benefits of both cannabinoids, catering to patients seeking a harmonious therapeutic experience. These products provide the effects of THC while maintaining the calming properties of CBD, potentially reducing the psychoactive impact of THC. Patients who prefer a more comprehensive approach to treatment often gravitate towards this segment, as it allows them to experience a broader spectrum of effects. The growing understanding of the entourage effect—where different cannabinoids work synergistically—further solidifies the demand for balanced THC/CBD products in the market.

High-CBG:

High-CBG products are gaining attention for their potential therapeutic benefits, especially in treating conditions such as glaucoma and inflammatory bowel disease. Cannabigerol (CBG) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid that has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. As research continues to uncover the benefits of CBG, the demand for high-CBG products is expected to rise. This segment appeals to a niche market that is looking for innovative cannabis solutions beyond the more commonly known cannabinoids like THC and CBD, contributing to the diversification of offerings in the medical marijuana sector.

Others:

The "Others" category encompasses various cannabinoid-rich products that do not fall neatly into the primary classifications. This segment includes products infused with lesser-known cannabinoids or unique blends designed to target specific health concerns. As consumer interest in cannabis science and research grows, so does the demand for alternative cannabinoid products. The innovative nature of this segment allows for emerging trends, such as products rich in terpenes or those designed for specific health goals, to gain traction, further enriching the overall diversity of the medical marijuana market.

By Region

In terms of regional analysis, Germany is one of the largest markets for medical marijuana in Europe, both in terms of consumption and legislative framework. The country has established a comprehensive medical cannabis program, allowing for the legal prescription of cannabis products to patients with various medical conditions. The market in Germany is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 23.6% over the forecast period, driven by the increasing number of licensed dispensaries and healthcare providers willing to prescribe medical cannabis. Moreover, the rising number of patients benefiting from cannabis treatments is likely to further solidify Germany's position as a leading market in the region.

The Netherlands, known for its progressive stance on cannabis, is also witnessing significant growth in its medical marijuana sector. The country has a long-standing history of cannabis use, and recent legislative changes have paved the way for regulated medical marijuana sales. Patients in the Netherlands can access a variety of products through licensed pharmacies and dispensaries, which has fueled consumer demand. The market growth in the Netherlands is primarily driven by increasing awareness of the therapeutic benefits of cannabis, with projections indicating steady expansion over the coming years. However, the total market size for the Netherlands remains smaller than that of Germany, reflecting the differences in regulatory landscapes and market maturity.

Opportunities

The medical marijuana market in Germany and the Netherlands presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly as regulations continue to evolve and consumer acceptance increases. One significant opportunity lies in the expansion of product offerings, including innovative formulations that appeal to a broader demographic. Companies that invest in research and development can create specialized products tailored to meet specific patient needs, such as formulations for pediatric patients or those with unique medical conditions. Furthermore, the integration of technology in product delivery and patient education can enhance the overall experience, making medical cannabis more accessible and appealing. Additionally, collaboration with healthcare providers to conduct clinical studies and trials can further validate the efficacy of medical marijuana, thereby driving adoption and expanding market reach.

Another opportunity arises from the increasing trend of medical tourism in Europe. Patients seeking effective treatment options may look towards Germany and the Netherlands for their advanced healthcare systems and access to medical marijuana. This trend can incentivize local businesses to invest in patient-centered services, enhancing the overall healthcare experience. Furthermore, as the global market for medical marijuana continues to grow, there is potential for cross-border trade, where companies can export high-quality cannabis products to regions with emerging markets. By establishing a strong presence both locally and internationally, businesses can capitalize on the growing demand and position themselves as leaders in the evolving landscape of medical marijuana.

Threats

The medical marijuana market in Germany and the Netherlands is faced with several threats that could hinder growth prospects. One significant threat is the evolving regulatory landscape, as governments may impose stricter regulations that could affect product availability and access for patients. Regulatory changes can create uncertainty within the market, making it challenging for businesses to plan for future growth. Additionally, the potential for increased taxation on medical marijuana sales could drive up prices, making it less accessible for patients who rely on these products for treatment. This could deter usage and lead to a shift towards unregulated markets, compromising product quality and safety.

Another major threat is the competitive landscape within the medical marijuana industry. As more companies enter the market, competition intensifies, driving down prices and potentially affecting profit margins. This influx of new players can lead to market saturation, making it difficult for established companies to maintain their market share. Furthermore, the risks associated with inconsistent quality and safety standards can undermine consumer confidence, particularly in a sector that requires a strong trust relationship between patients and providers. Companies must continually innovate and differentiate their offerings to survive in this challenging environment.

Competitor Outlook

• Canopy Growth Corporation
• Tilray, Inc.
• Aphria Inc.
• GW Pharmaceuticals
• Aurora Cannabis, Inc.
• Curaleaf Holdings, Inc.
• Columbia Care Inc.
• MedMen Enterprises Inc.
• Hexo Corp.
• Green Thumb Industries Inc.
• Trulieve Cannabis Corp.
• Organigram Holdings Inc.
• Cronos Group Inc.
• True Leaf Medicine International Ltd.
• Harvest Health & Recreation Inc.

The competitive landscape of the medical marijuana market in Germany and the Netherlands is characterized by a dynamic mix of large multinational corporations and local businesses. Companies are increasingly focusing on product differentiation and innovation, striving to capture market share in a rapidly evolving sector. As consumer preferences shift towards more personalized and effective treatment options, businesses that can successfully meet these demands are likely to thrive. Additionally, companies that prioritize quality assurance and transparency in their operations will likely gain a competitive edge, as patients are becoming more discerning about the products they choose to consume.

Major players in the market, such as Canopy Growth Corporation and Tilray, have established themselves as leaders through strategic acquisitions and significant investments in research and development. These companies focus on expanding their product portfolios to include a diverse range of cannabis products, catering to various medical needs. Canopy Growth, for instance, has made substantial investments in cultivation and processing facilities to enhance production capabilities while ensuring high-quality standards. Similarly, Tilray has been active in developing partnerships with healthcare providers to facilitate better access to medical marijuana for patients.

Moreover, local players in Germany and the Netherlands are also making strides in the medical marijuana space. Companies like Aurora Cannabis and Aphria have expanded their operations into these regions, capitalizing on the favorable regulatory frameworks. Local businesses are leveraging their knowledge of regional markets to create tailored products that resonate with consumers. Furthermore, companies such as GW Pharmaceuticals are known for developing prescription-based cannabis solutions, which align with the medical community's shift towards evidence-based treatment options. As the market evolves, ongoing collaboration and innovation will be critical in shaping the future landscape of the medical marijuana sector in Germany and the Netherlands.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Hexo Corp.
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Aphria Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Tilray, Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Cronos Group Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Columbia Care Inc.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 GW Pharmaceuticals
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Aurora Cannabis, Inc.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Curaleaf Holdings, Inc.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 MedMen Enterprises Inc.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Trulieve Cannabis Corp.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Organigram Holdings Inc.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Canopy Growth Corporation
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Green Thumb Industries Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Harvest Health & Recreation Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 True Leaf Medicine International Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Chronic Pain
    • 6.1.2 Cancer
    • 6.1.3 Arthritis
    • 6.1.4 Neurological Disorders
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Flower
    • 6.2.2 Concentrates
    • 6.2.3 Topicals
    • 6.2.4 Edibles
    • 6.2.5 Tinctures
  • 6.3 Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.1 Dispensaries
    • 6.3.2 Online Stores
    • 6.3.3 Hospitals/Pharmacies
    • 6.3.4 Wellness Centers
    • 6.3.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Germany And Netherlands Medical Marijuana market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Flower
• Concentrates
• Topicals
• Edibles
• Tinctures

By Application

• Chronic Pain
• Cancer
• Arthritis
• Neurological Disorders
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Dispensaries
• Online Stores
• Hospitals/Pharmacies
• Wellness Centers
• Others

By Region

• Germany
• Netherlands

Key Players

• Canopy Growth Corporation
• Tilray, Inc.
• Aphria Inc.
• GW Pharmaceuticals
• Aurora Cannabis, Inc.
• Curaleaf Holdings, Inc.
• Columbia Care Inc.
• MedMen Enterprises Inc.
• Hexo Corp.
• Green Thumb Industries Inc.
• Trulieve Cannabis Corp.
• Organigram Holdings Inc.
• Cronos Group Inc.
• True Leaf Medicine International Ltd.
• Harvest Health & Recreation Inc.