Fusion Splicer

Fusion Splicer Market Outlook

The global Fusion Splicer market was valued at approximately USD 1.5 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 2.8 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of 8.5% during the forecast period. The market is driven by the increasing demand for high-speed internet and telecommunication networks, as well as the expanding infrastructure for fiber-optic communication in various industries. Moreover, the rise of cloud computing and the need for enhanced data centers are further propelling the market. As industries increasingly shift towards digitalization and automation, the utilization of fusion splicers is becoming essential for maintaining and expanding fiber-optic networks. This growth can also be attributed to the advancements in splicing technologies, improving efficiency and reducing operational costs.

Growth Factor of the Market

Numerous factors are contributing to the robust growth of the Fusion Splicer market. First and foremost, the growing telecommunications sector is a significant driver, as the demand for high-speed broadband is rising globally. Additionally, innovations in fiber technology, such as improved splicing techniques and equipment, are making it easier and more cost-effective for companies to implement fiber-optic networks. The increased deployment of 5G technology has further fueled the necessity for advanced splicing solutions, as fiber optics are crucial for underpinning high-speed mobile networks. Furthermore, the expansion of data centers to accommodate cloud services and the Internet of Things (IoT) is creating a heightened demand for reliable fiber-optic installations, which require sophisticated splicing methods. Lastly, government initiatives promoting the deployment of fiber-optic networks in underserved areas are expected to provide additional growth opportunities for the market.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The Fusion Splicer market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.5% from 2023 to 2035.
• Rapid advancements in fiber-optic technology are driving market growth.
• The telecommunications sector represents the largest application segment.
• North America is anticipated to hold a significant share of the market during the forecast period.
• Increasing demand for high-speed internet connectivity is a key growth driver.

By Product Type

Single Fiber Fusion Splicer:

The Single Fiber Fusion Splicer is a widely utilized type of fusion splicer, designed to align and splice individual optical fibers with precision. This splicer type is favored for its simplicity and effectiveness in various applications, particularly in telecommunications, where single fibers are commonly used for data transmission. Its compact size and ease of use make it ideal for fieldwork, enabling technicians to quickly and efficiently perform splicing in various environments. Moreover, advancements in technology have led to the development of features such as automatic alignment and enhanced splicing loss performance, contributing to increased adoption across the industry. As the demand for reliable single-fiber connections continues to rise, this segment is expected to witness steady growth in the coming years.

Ribbon Fiber Fusion Splicer:

Ribbon Fiber Fusion Splicers are specifically designed for splicing multiple optical fibers simultaneously, typically in ribbon cables, which consist of several fibers organized in a flat configuration. This type of splicer is particularly beneficial for network deployments requiring high fiber counts, such as in data centers and large telecommunications projects. The increased efficiency in splicing time and reduced operational costs associated with ribbon splicing are key advantages driving their adoption. Furthermore, the growing trend towards high-capacity networks is expected to boost the demand for ribbon fiber splicers, as they allow for quicker installations and repairs, significantly enhancing overall system performance. As network demands evolve, this segment will play a critical role in the fiber-optic landscape.

Specialty Fiber Fusion Splicer:

Specialty Fiber Fusion Splicers are tailored for specific applications, such as splicing specialty optical fibers, including those used in sensors, medical devices, and industrial applications. These splicers are designed to handle unique fiber types that may not be compatible with standard splicing equipment. The demand for specialty fibers is increasing due to their diverse applications in various sectors, driving the growth of this market segment. Innovations in specialty splicing technology have resulted in improved accuracy and reduced splicing times, further enhancing their appeal. As industries continue to explore and implement innovative fiber applications, the market for specialty fiber fusion splicers is poised for significant growth.

Core Alignment Fusion Splicer:

Core Alignment Fusion Splicers are advanced devices that align the cores of optical fibers with extreme precision, ensuring minimal splice loss and optimal performance. This type of splicer is particularly popular in applications that require high-quality connections, such as telecommunication networks and data centers. The ability to achieve precise alignment significantly enhances the performance of fiber-optic systems, making core alignment splicers essential for high-speed data transmission. The increasing complexity of modern fiber networks, combined with the rising demand for high-quality fiber-optic connections, is driving the growth of core alignment fusion splicers. As technology progresses, manufacturers are introducing features like automated alignment and real-time monitoring, further increasing their appeal in the market.

Cladding Alignment Fusion Splicer:

Cladding Alignment Fusion Splicers utilize a different alignment technique, focusing on the cladding layers of the optical fibers rather than the core. While generally perceived as less precise than core alignment splicers, cladding alignment splicers are still widely used due to their lower cost and ease of operation. This splicer type is suitable for applications where ultra-high precision is not critical, making it a popular choice for general-purpose splicing tasks. The growth of this segment is supported by the increasing demand for affordable splicing solutions in less demanding environments, as well as the continuous improvements in technology that enhance their performance. As the fiber-optic landscape evolves, cladding alignment splicers are expected to maintain a steady presence in the market.

By Application

Telecommunication:

Telecommunication remains the most significant application segment for fusion splicers, driven by the increasing demand for high-speed broadband connections and the rollout of 5G technology. With the global shift towards digital communication, telecommunication companies are investing heavily in expanding their fiber-optic infrastructure to support growing data traffic. Fusion splicers play a crucial role in this process, enabling efficient and reliable connections between optical fibers. The need for seamless, high-capacity networks is driving the adoption of advanced splicing solutions, making telecommunication a primary growth area for the fusion splicer market. As the telecommunications industry continues to evolve, the demand for efficient splicing technology will remain robust.

Enterprise:

Enterprises across various sectors are increasingly adopting fiber-optic networks to enhance communication and data transfer capabilities. The use of fusion splicers in enterprise applications is on the rise as organizations seek to upgrade their infrastructure to support higher bandwidth and faster data speeds. With the growing importance of reliable connectivity for business operations, enterprises are investing in advanced splicing equipment to ensure optimal performance. The increasing reliance on cloud computing and data-intensive applications further drives the demand for effective fiber-optic solutions, leading to growth in the enterprise application segment. As businesses continue to prioritize digital transformation, the role of fusion splicers in enterprise settings will become increasingly vital.

Cable TV:

The cable TV sector is also a significant contributor to the fusion splicer market, as companies invest in upgrading their infrastructure to provide high-definition and internet-based television services. Fusion splicers are essential for ensuring reliable connections in cable TV networks, which require a robust fiber-optic backbone to deliver quality content to consumers. The shift towards fiber-optic technology is driven by the increasing demand for high-speed internet and enhanced viewing experiences. With consumers expecting seamless connectivity and higher-quality content, cable TV providers are compelled to enhance their networks using advanced splicing solutions. This trend is expected to bolster the growth of the fusion splicer market within the cable TV application segment.

Aerospace & Defense:

The aerospace & defense sector presents a unique application for fusion splicers, as the industry increasingly relies on fiber-optic technologies for communication and data transmission in various systems. Fiber optics offer lightweight and high-performance solutions suitable for demanding environments, making them ideal for aerospace and defense applications. The need for secure, reliable communications drives the demand for high-quality fiber connections, which fusion splicers facilitate. As the aerospace & defense industries continue to innovate and adopt advanced technologies, the market for fusion splicers in this sector is expected to grow steadily. Additionally, government investments in defense technologies and aerospace projects are likely to further contribute to this growth.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales are a primary distribution channel for fusion splicers, allowing manufacturers to engage directly with end customers and provide tailored solutions based on specific requirements. This channel enables companies to maintain control over pricing, customer service, and product availability, fostering stronger relationships with clients. Direct sales are particularly beneficial for large enterprises and telecommunications companies that require customized solutions and support. As the market for fusion splicers expands, manufacturers are increasingly focusing on enhancing their direct sales strategies to reach potential customers effectively. The growth of this distribution channel is expected to continue as companies prioritize personalized service and quick response times.

Distributors:

Distributors serve as crucial intermediaries in the fusion splicer market, helping manufacturers reach a broader audience by leveraging their established networks and relationships with local businesses. Distributors often provide essential services such as technical support, training, and maintenance, which add value to the products they sell. This distribution channel is particularly advantageous for manufacturers looking to penetrate international markets, as distributors can navigate different regulatory environments and provide localized support. As the demand for fusion splicers continues to grow, distributors are expected to play a vital role in facilitating market access and expanding the reach of various brands.

Online Retail:

The rise of e-commerce has transformed how fusion splicers are marketed and sold, with online retail becoming an increasingly popular distribution channel. Customers can browse a wide range of products, compare prices, and read reviews from the comfort of their homes, making it easier to find suitable splicers that meet their needs. Online retail platforms also allow manufacturers and retailers to reach a more extensive customer base, including smaller businesses and technicians who may not have access to physical stores. The convenience and accessibility offered by online retail are expected to drive its growth in the fusion splicer market, particularly as more customers embrace digital shopping. As the industry adapts to changing consumer preferences, online retail will continue to be a significant channel for distribution.

By Technology

Core Alignment:

Core Alignment fusion splicing technology is recognized for its high precision and low splice loss capabilities, making it a preferred choice for critical applications in telecommunications and data centers. Core alignment splicers utilize advanced optical systems to ensure that the cores of the optical fibers are perfectly aligned during the splicing process, resulting in superior performance. This technology is particularly vital in applications where data integrity and transmission quality are paramount. As the demand for high-speed data transmission escalates, the adoption of core alignment technology is expected to grow substantially, positioning it as a leading choice for professionals in the field.

Cladding Alignment:

Cladding Alignment splicing technology, while generally offering lower precision than core alignment, remains a popular choice for various applications due to its cost-effectiveness and ease of use. This technology aligns the cladding layers of optical fibers, making it suitable for applications where extreme accuracy is not critical. Cladding alignment splicers are often used in general-purpose splicing tasks, contributing to their widespread usage in the market. As the demand for affordable splicing solutions grows, particularly in less demanding environments, the cladding alignment segment is expected to maintain a steady position in the fusion splicer market.

V-Groove Alignment:

V-Groove Alignment technology is characterized by its utilization of precision grooves to hold the optical fibers in place during the splicing process. This method allows for a reliable and straightforward splicing process, making it an attractive option for technicians working in the field. The simplicity of V-Groove alignment reduces the potential for human error and ensures consistent results, which is particularly beneficial in fast-paced environments. As the need for efficient and reliable splicing solutions continues to grow, V-Groove alignment technology is expected to see sustained demand across various applications, ranging from telecommunications to enterprise networks.

Fixed V-Groove Alignment:

Fixed V-Groove Alignment splicers utilize a fixed groove structure to hold the fibers in place during the splicing process, providing a stable platform for alignment. This technology is primarily used in applications where the fibers being spliced are consistent in size and type, allowing for predictable splicing outcomes. The fixed nature of this technology simplifies the splicing process and contributes to faster operation times, which are essential in high-demand environments. As industries continue to prioritize efficiency and reliability, Fixed V-Groove Alignment splicers are expected to gain traction in various sectors, reinforcing their importance in the fusion splicer market.

Active V-Groove Alignment:

Active V-Groove Alignment technology represents an advanced approach to fusion splicing, utilizing active systems to detect and adjust fiber alignment during the splicing process. This dynamic alignment capability enhances splice quality and minimizes loss, making it particularly valuable in high-performance applications. The growing demand for high-capacity networks and data transmission speeds is driving the adoption of Active V-Groove Alignment technology, as it enables technicians to achieve superior results in various environments. As the market evolves to accommodate the need for faster and more reliable connections, Active V-Groove Alignment splicers will likely become increasingly prevalent.

By Region

The North American region is currently the leading market for fusion splicers, accounting for approximately 35% of the global market share in 2023. This dominance can be attributed to the established telecommunications infrastructure and the rapid deployment of 5G technology across the region, which requires efficient and reliable fiber-optic connections. Additionally, the presence of several key players in the market and ongoing investments in fiber-optic networks contribute to the robust growth of the fusion splicer market in North America. The region is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 7.5% over the forecast period, driven by increasing demand from telecommunications companies and enterprises looking to upgrade their infrastructure.

In Europe, the fusion splicer market is also witnessing significant growth, driven by the rising demand for high-speed internet and advancements in telecommunication technologies. The European market is projected to account for around 25% of the global market by 2035, with a CAGR of 9% during the same period. Countries such as Germany, the UK, and France are at the forefront of adopting fiber-optic technology to improve communication networks. Furthermore, government initiatives aimed at enhancing digital infrastructure in rural areas are expected to provide additional growth opportunities for the fusion splicer market in Europe. As the region continues to prioritize digital connectivity, the demand for effective splicing solutions will likely continue to soar.

Opportunities

The growing trend of digital transformation across various industries presents a plethora of opportunities for the fusion splicer market. Enterprises are increasingly recognizing the importance of reliable and high-speed internet connectivity to support their operations. As businesses transition to cloud-based services and adopt advanced technologies like IoT and AI, the demand for robust fiber-optic networks rises. This shift is expected to drive significant investments in fiber installations, ultimately boosting the demand for fusion splicers. Additionally, the expansion of smart cities and the Internet of Things (IoT) further emphasize the need for advanced communication infrastructures. Companies providing innovative fusion splicing solutions can capitalize on these trends to establish themselves as leaders in the market.

Another significant opportunity for the market lies in the growing emphasis on renewable energy and telecommunications infrastructure. As governments and organizations worldwide strive to enhance communication capabilities while reducing environmental impact, the integration of fiber-optic technology into renewable energy projects is becoming increasingly common. Fiber-optic networks are being deployed in solar and wind energy facilities for monitoring and communication purposes. This presents a unique opportunity for fusion splicer manufacturers to develop tailored solutions for the renewable energy sector. By focusing on sustainability and energy efficiency, companies can position themselves favorably in this emerging market.

Threats

Despite the promising growth prospects for the fusion splicer market, several threats could potentially hinder its progress. One of the most significant challenges is the increasing competition from alternative technologies, such as wireless communication systems. As advancements in wireless networks, including 5G and satellite communication, continue to evolve, some businesses may choose to invest in wireless solutions rather than traditional fiber-optic infrastructure. This shift could lead to reduced demand for fusion splicing equipment, creating pressure on manufacturers to adapt their offerings and pricing strategies. Moreover, fluctuations in the global supply chain, particularly regarding the availability of critical components and materials, may pose risks to production and delivery timelines, affecting market growth.

Another potential restraint on the fusion splicer market is the high initial investment cost associated with advanced splicing technologies. Many small and medium-sized enterprises may find it challenging to allocate budget resources for the purchase of high-quality splicing equipment, particularly in regions with less developed fiber-optic infrastructure. This financial barrier may slow the adoption of fusion splicing technology in certain markets, limiting growth potential. Manufacturers will need to explore options for offering financing or leasing arrangements to attract smaller players and ensure broad accessibility to splicing technology.

Competitor Outlook

• Fujikura Ltd.
• Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
• Corning Incorporated
• INNO Instrument Inc.
• Tektronix Inc.
• VIAVI Solutions Inc.
• Keysight Technologies, Inc.
• Fusion Splicer Technologies
• Optical Cable Corporation
• AFL Telecommunications LLC
• 3M Company
• Fitel, Inc.
• Thorlabs, Inc.
• Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
• CommScope Holding Company, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the fusion splicer market is characterized by a mix of established players and innovative entrants striving to capture market share. Major companies such as Fujikura, Sumitomo Electric, and Corning are at the forefront of product development, consistently introducing new technologies and solutions to enhance the efficiency and performance of fusion splicing equipment. These companies invest heavily in research and development, aiming to meet the growing demands of their customers in the telecommunications, enterprise, and energy sectors. As the market becomes increasingly competitive, these players are likely to focus on differentiating their products through advanced features, improved user experience, and enhanced customer support services.

Emerging companies in the fusion splicer market are also making their mark by offering niche products and specialized solutions for specific applications. For instance, firms like INNO Instrument and Optical Cable Corporation are gaining traction by providing innovative splicing technologies that cater to unique industry needs. These companies leverage their agility and technical expertise to develop tailored solutions, allowing them to compete effectively against larger corporations. As new players continue to enter the market, the competitive dynamics will evolve, leading to increased innovation and potentially lower prices for end-users.

Key players like VIAVI Solutions and AFL Telecommunications are also expanding their portfolios through strategic partnerships and collaborations. By joining forces with telecommunications operators and infrastructure providers, these companies can ensure their products are integrated into the latest network deployments. Furthermore, maintaining strong relationships with distributors and resellers helps these firms enhance their market presence and reach wider audiences. As collaboration becomes a crucial strategy for growth, companies that effectively leverage partnerships will be better positioned to capitalize on emerging opportunities in the fusion splicer market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 3M Company
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Fitel, Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Fujikura Ltd.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Tektronix Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Thorlabs, Inc.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Corning Incorporated
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 INNO Instrument Inc.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 VIAVI Solutions Inc.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Optical Cable Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 AFL Telecommunications LLC
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Fusion Splicer Technologies
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Keysight Technologies, Inc.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 CommScope Holding Company, Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Fusion Splicer Market, By Technology
    • 6.1.1 Core Alignment
    • 6.1.2 Cladding Alignment
    • 6.1.3 V-Groove Alignment
    • 6.1.4 Fixed V-Groove Alignment
    • 6.1.5 Active V-Groove Alignment
  • 6.2 Fusion Splicer Market, By Application
    • 6.2.1 Telecommunication
    • 6.2.2 Enterprise
    • 6.2.3 Cable TV
    • 6.2.4 Aerospace & Defense
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Fusion Splicer Market, By Product Type
    • 6.3.1 Single Fiber Fusion Splicer
    • 6.3.2 Ribbon Fiber Fusion Splicer
    • 6.3.3 Specialty Fiber Fusion Splicer
    • 6.3.4 Core Alignment Fusion Splicer
    • 6.3.5 Cladding Alignment Fusion Splicer
  • 6.4 Fusion Splicer Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributors
    • 6.4.3 Online Retail

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Fusion Splicer Market by Region
  • 10.4 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.4.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.4.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.5 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 USA
      • 10.5.1.2 Canada
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Fusion Splicer market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Single Fiber Fusion Splicer
• Ribbon Fiber Fusion Splicer
• Specialty Fiber Fusion Splicer
• Core Alignment Fusion Splicer
• Cladding Alignment Fusion Splicer

By Application

• Telecommunication
• Enterprise
• Cable TV
• Aerospace & Defense
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Online Retail

By Technology

• Core Alignment
• Cladding Alignment
• V-Groove Alignment
• Fixed V-Groove Alignment
• Active V-Groove Alignment

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Fujikura Ltd.
• Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
• Corning Incorporated
• INNO Instrument Inc.
• Tektronix Inc.
• VIAVI Solutions Inc.
• Keysight Technologies, Inc.
• Fusion Splicer Technologies
• Optical Cable Corporation
• AFL Telecommunications LLC
• 3M Company
• Fitel, Inc.
• Thorlabs, Inc.
• Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
• CommScope Holding Company, Inc.