Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales

Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales Market Outlook

The global food grade sodium bicarbonate market is poised to reach a valuation of approximately USD 1.5 billion by 2035, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5.6% during the period from 2025 to 2035. This impressive growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for sodium bicarbonate in various industries, particularly in food processing due to its extensive applications as a leavening agent and pH regulator. The market is further propelled by the rising awareness of health benefits associated with sodium bicarbonate, including its uses in personal care and pharmaceutical products. Additionally, the trend towards natural and clean label products has stimulated demand for food grade sodium bicarbonate as a safe and effective ingredient. Moreover, the expansion of the food and beverage sector, especially in emerging economies, has opened new avenues for market growth.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several key factors are driving the growth of the food grade sodium bicarbonate market. Firstly, the increasing consumption of processed and convenience foods has heightened the demand for sodium bicarbonate as an essential ingredient in baking products and food preservation. Furthermore, the growing trend of health consciousness among consumers is pushing manufacturers to use sodium bicarbonate as a natural alternative to artificial preservatives and additives. Additionally, the pharmaceutical industry’s expanding application of sodium bicarbonate in antacid formulations and intravenous solutions for treating metabolic acidosis significantly boosts market demand. The rise of e-commerce platforms as distribution channels has also made it easier for consumers and businesses to access quality sodium bicarbonate, fueling market growth. Lastly, innovations in production techniques and advancements in the formulation of sodium bicarbonate to enhance its functionality in various applications contribute to overall market development.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global food grade sodium bicarbonate market is expected to reach USD 1.5 billion by 2035.
• CAGR of approximately 5.6% projected from 2025 to 2035.
• Increased demand for clean label products driving market growth.
• Significant applications in food processing and personal care sectors.
• Emerging economies witnessing robust growth in food and beverage sectors.

By Product Type

Powdered Sodium Bicarbonate:

Powdered sodium bicarbonate is the most commonly used form in the food industry, primarily due to its versatility and ease of use. It serves as a leavening agent in baking, contributing to the rising of doughs and batters, which is critical for achieving the desired texture in baked goods. The powdered form dissolves easily, ensuring a uniform distribution in mixtures, thereby enhancing the overall quality of food products. Moreover, its ability to regulate pH levels makes it a favored ingredient for processing various food items, including pastries and confections. The demand for powdered sodium bicarbonate is expected to grow as more consumers lean towards home baking, further fueled by trends in DIY food preparation. Additionally, its applications extend beyond food processing into personal care and pharmaceutical formulations, making it a significant segment in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market.

Granular Sodium Bicarbonate:

Granular sodium bicarbonate is another important product type, primarily used in specific industrial applications as well as in food processing. Its larger particle size compared to powdered forms makes it suitable for certain applications where a slower dissolution rate is desired, such as in water treatment processes and specific baking scenarios where gradual release of carbon dioxide is beneficial. In the food industry, granular sodium bicarbonate is often used as an ingredient in processed foods to maintain pH balance and enhance flavor profiles. The segment is expected to witness steady growth as more manufacturers recognize the unique advantages of granular formulations for specialized applications, including its use in effervescent formulations and other food products that require a distinct texture and release properties.

Fine Sodium Bicarbonate:

Fine sodium bicarbonate is characterized by its extremely small particle size, which allows for high solubility and rapid dissolution in various applications. This makes it an ideal choice for industries that require instant action, such as in the baking sector where a quick reaction is essential for optimal product quality. Fine sodium bicarbonate is widely used in the formulation of baking powders and is also a popular choice in the pharmaceutical industry for effervescent products. The market for fine sodium bicarbonate is projected to grow as advancements in manufacturing technology continue to improve product quality and consistency, enabling manufacturers to meet the precise needs of their customers in both food and non-food applications.

Coarse Sodium Bicarbonate:

Coarse sodium bicarbonate is often utilized in applications that do not require fine granulation, such as in certain food processing methods and industrial applications. Its larger granules provide a unique texture and are specifically advantageous in products that undergo prolonged cooking or baking processes where slower dissolution is acceptable. The coarse form is less common in the food sector compared to powdered and fine types but still holds relevance in niche applications. The growth of this segment is expected to be steady, driven by demand from food manufacturers that require specific properties for certain products, as well as by industries that utilize sodium bicarbonate for its buffering capacity.

Microfine Sodium Bicarbonate:

Microfine sodium bicarbonate, with its ultra-small particle size, is gaining traction in both the food and personal care industries due to its unique properties. This form offers exceptional solubility and is often used in specialty applications, such as in the formulation of high-quality baked goods and beverages. The food grade status of microfine sodium bicarbonate makes it a preferred ingredient for manufacturers looking to enhance product quality without compromising safety. Its applications also extend to the pharmaceutical sector, where it is utilized in formulations that require precise dosing and rapid action. As the demand for high-performance ingredients continues to rise, the market for microfine sodium bicarbonate is anticipated to experience significant growth, with manufacturers increasingly incorporating it into innovative product formulations.

By Application

Baking Soda:

Baking soda is one of the primary applications of food grade sodium bicarbonate, functioning as a leavening agent in various baked products. The use of baking soda in recipes allows for the production of light and fluffy textures by producing carbon dioxide when it reacts with acidic components in the mixture. The growing trend of home baking, propelled considerably by global events that encouraged people to cook more at home, has led to increased demand for baking soda. Furthermore, the versatility of baking soda in both sweet and savory recipes underscores its importance in the culinary world. The baking soda segment is expected to grow significantly as consumer interest in baking continues to rise, and as manufacturers explore new ways to promote health-focused baking alternatives, enhancing market prospects for food grade sodium bicarbonate.

Food & Beverage:

The food and beverage industry represents a significant application segment for food grade sodium bicarbonate. Its roles in food processing include acting as a raising agent, pH regulator, and flavor enhancer. As the industry leans towards cleaner labels and natural ingredients, sodium bicarbonate stands out as a preferred additive due to its safety and effectiveness. Additionally, the shift towards convenience foods and ready-to-eat meals has led to increased usage of sodium bicarbonate as a preservative and stabilizer. This segment is anticipated to witness a robust growth trajectory as food manufacturers prioritize quality and consumer health, leading to larger volumes of food grade sodium bicarbonate being incorporated into a variety of food products.

Personal Care:

In the personal care sector, food grade sodium bicarbonate is commonly utilized in products such as toothpaste, deodorants, and skin care formulations. Its natural abrasive properties make it effective in oral hygiene products, enhancing cleaning without damaging tooth enamel. Additionally, sodium bicarbonate’s alkaline nature helps neutralize odors, making it a popular ingredient in deodorants and body sprays. The increasing consumer demand for natural and organic personal care products is propelling growth in this segment, as sodium bicarbonate aligns well with these consumer preferences. As awareness of personal care ingredients continues to evolve, the market for food grade sodium bicarbonate in personal care applications is expected to see continued expansion.

Pharmaceutical:

In the pharmaceutical industry, food grade sodium bicarbonate plays a crucial role in various therapeutic applications, particularly in the formulation of antacids and intravenous solutions. Its ability to neutralize stomach acid makes it a fundamental component in many over-the-counter medications designed to relieve indigestion and heartburn. Additionally, sodium bicarbonate is employed in medical settings to treat metabolic acidosis, particularly in critical care situations. The growing emphasis on healthy living and self-medication is likely to fuel demand for sodium bicarbonate in pharmaceutical applications, with manufacturers increasingly developing formulations that harness its beneficial properties. The pharmaceutical sector is anticipated to remain a significant contributor to the overall growth of the food grade sodium bicarbonate market.

Others:

Beyond the primary applications of baking soda, food and beverage, personal care, and pharmaceuticals, the food grade sodium bicarbonate market includes several other applications. These may encompass its use in food preservation, as a leavening agent in specialty food items, and its incorporation into certain dietary supplements. The versatility of sodium bicarbonate allows it to adapt to a variety of needs across different sectors, including animal feed and agriculture. As innovative applications continue to emerge, the "Others" segment is expected to grow as manufacturers explore new opportunities to leverage the unique properties of sodium bicarbonate. This segment represents a notable area of opportunity for market expansion, driven by ongoing research and development initiatives that seek to discover new uses for this valuable compound.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales represent a substantial portion of the distribution channels for food grade sodium bicarbonate, particularly for manufacturers looking to establish stronger relationships with their customers. By engaging in direct sales, companies can provide tailored solutions that meet the specific needs of their clients while also ensuring better price control and product quality. This distribution channel is particularly prevalent among large-scale food and beverage manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies that require a consistent and reliable supply of ingredients. As the market continues to evolve, direct sales are likely to remain a preferred method for companies aiming to enhance customer loyalty and streamline their supply chains.

Indirect Sales:

Indirect sales channels, including wholesalers, distributors, and retailers, play a critical role in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market by providing a wider reach and accessibility for smaller businesses and consumers. These channels facilitate the distribution of sodium bicarbonate products across various regions, ensuring that they are readily available to meet demand. The rise of e-commerce and online shopping has further transformed indirect sales, allowing consumers to purchase food grade sodium bicarbonate with ease. As more consumers and food manufacturers turn to online platforms for their ingredient needs, the indirect sales channel is projected to see considerable growth, providing opportunities for businesses to expand their market presence and enhance customer engagement.

By Ingredient Type

Natural Sodium Bicarbonate:

Natural sodium bicarbonate, sourced from various mineral deposits, is gaining traction in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market due to the growing consumer preference for natural and organic ingredients. This type of sodium bicarbonate is often marketed as a healthier alternative, appealing to health-conscious consumers who seek to minimize their exposure to synthetic additives. The demand for natural sodium bicarbonate is particularly strong in the food and beverage sector, where manufacturers are increasingly emphasizing clean labels and transparency in their ingredient sourcing. As this trend continues, the market for natural sodium bicarbonate is expected to grow significantly, driven by consumer awareness and the increasing availability of natural products in various applications.

Synthetic Sodium Bicarbonate:

Synthetic sodium bicarbonate, produced through chemical processes, has been widely used in the food industry due to its cost-effectiveness and reliable quality. This type of sodium bicarbonate is essential for large-scale manufacturing operations, particularly in processed food and beverage production, where consistency and purity are paramount. The synthetic sodium bicarbonate segment is projected to hold a significant share of the market as manufacturers continue to prioritize efficiency and cost control. Moreover, advances in production technology are allowing for the creation of high-quality synthetic sodium bicarbonate that meets the rigorous standards of food safety and quality, ensuring its continued relevance in the market.

By Region

North America holds a prominent position in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market, accounting for approximately 35% of the global share in 2025. The established food and beverage industry, coupled with a strong emphasis on health and wellness among consumers, is driving demand for food grade sodium bicarbonate in this region. The United States, in particular, is witnessing a surge in the home baking trend, further propelling the market as consumers seek high-quality ingredients for their culinary endeavors. Moreover, the robust pharmaceutical sector in North America contributes significantly to the consumption of sodium bicarbonate, especially in antacid formulations. With a CAGR of 5.3% projected for the region, North America is expected to maintain its lead in the market during the forecast period.

Europe is another key region in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market, representing approximately 30% of the global market share by 2025. The region's stringent food safety regulations and rising consumer awareness regarding ingredient transparency are boosting the demand for food grade sodium bicarbonate as a clean label ingredient. Furthermore, the growing popularity of organic and natural food products is driving the shift towards sodium bicarbonate as a preferred additive in various applications. This trend is particularly pronounced in countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom, where there is a strong emphasis on health and nutrition. As the market continues to evolve, Europe is expected to witness a steady CAGR of 5.1%, highlighting its importance in the global food grade sodium bicarbonate landscape.

Opportunities

The food grade sodium bicarbonate market presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly in the context of evolving consumer preferences and industry trends. One notable opportunity lies in the expanding health and wellness sector, as consumers increasingly seek natural and organic ingredients in their food products. This shift is leading manufacturers to innovate and reformulate existing products to incorporate food grade sodium bicarbonate as a clean label ingredient. Additionally, the rise of home baking and cooking, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has created a surge in demand for food grade sodium bicarbonate as a key ingredient in baking soda and other culinary applications. As more individuals experiment with baking at home, the market is poised to benefit from the increased consumption of this versatile ingredient.

Moreover, opportunities abound in emerging markets where the food and beverage industry is experiencing rapid growth. Countries in Asia Pacific and Latin America are witnessing rising disposable incomes and changing dietary preferences, leading to greater demand for processed foods and beverages. As these markets expand, food manufacturers are likely to incorporate food grade sodium bicarbonate in their formulations to meet evolving consumer tastes and preferences. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical industry continues to explore new applications for sodium bicarbonate, particularly in the development of health-related products, creating additional avenues for market growth. With the right strategies in place, companies in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market can capitalize on these evolving opportunities to drive innovation and growth.

Threats

Despite the promising growth prospects, the food grade sodium bicarbonate market faces several threats that could impact its trajectory. One significant concern is the volatility of raw material prices, which can be influenced by various factors, including supply chain disruptions and changes in production costs. Fluctuations in the cost of sourcing sodium bicarbonate, whether from natural deposits or synthetic processes, can lead to uncertainty for manufacturers and consumers alike. Additionally, the market is subject to strict regulatory requirements that may vary from region to region, posing challenges for companies seeking to expand their operations globally. Compliance with these regulations can be resource-intensive and may deter smaller businesses from entering the market.

Another potential threat is the increasing competition from alternative ingredients that could substitute food grade sodium bicarbonate in various applications. As the market evolves, manufacturers may seek to explore innovative alternatives that offer similar functionality at potentially lower costs. This could result in a decline in demand for sodium bicarbonate, particularly in specific applications where alternatives could outperform traditional uses. To mitigate these threats, companies must focus on product differentiation, quality assurance, and building strong customer relationships to retain market share and navigate the competitive landscape successfully.

Competitor Outlook

• Church & Dwight Co., Inc.
• Solvay S.A.
• FMC Corporation
• Arm & Hammer
• Natural Soda LLC
• Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals
• US Sodium Bicarbonate LLC
• Hawkins, Inc.
• American Natural Soda Ash Corp.
• Jost Chemical Co.
• Daihan Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Shandong Haihua Group Co., Ltd.
• Jiangxi Aierfu Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Hengshui Jizhong Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Innospec Inc.

The competitive landscape of the food grade sodium bicarbonate market is characterized by the presence of several key players that dominate the market. Companies like Church & Dwight Co., Inc. and Solvay S.A. have established themselves as leaders, leveraging their extensive distribution networks and robust product portfolios to capture significant market share. These companies are known for their commitment to quality and innovation, often investing heavily in research and development to enhance their product offerings. As consumer preferences shift towards natural and clean label ingredients, these companies are also moving towards sustainable sourcing and production practices, positioning themselves favorably in the evolving market landscape.

In addition to the established players, there are numerous smaller companies and regional manufacturers that contribute to the competitive dynamics of the market. Companies like Natural Soda LLC and Hawkins, Inc. focus primarily on niche markets and are often able to provide tailored solutions to meet specific customer needs. Their agility and ability to adapt to changing market demands make them formidable competitors in their respective segments. Furthermore, with the rise of e-commerce, many smaller players are exploring online sales channels to reach a broader audience, disrupting traditional distribution models and enhancing competition within the market.

As the market for food grade sodium bicarbonate continues to grow, companies are likely to pursue strategic partnerships, mergers, and acquisitions to enhance their market position and expand their product offerings. For instance, FMC Corporation is known for its strategic initiatives to diversify its portfolio, which allows it to cater to a wider customer base across various applications. Likewise, companies like Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals are focusing on expanding their distribution capabilities to cater to the demands of the growing food and beverage sector. The competitive landscape is expected to evolve, with companies striving to differentiate themselves through innovation, quality, and customer engagement to capture new opportunities in the food grade sodium bicarbonate market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Solvay S.A.
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Arm & Hammer
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Hawkins, Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Innospec Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 FMC Corporation
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Natural Soda LLC
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Jost Chemical Co.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Church & Dwight Co., Inc.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Daihan Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 US Sodium Bicarbonate LLC
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 American Natural Soda Ash Corp.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Shandong Haihua Group Co., Ltd.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Jiangxi Aierfu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Hengshui Jizhong Chemical Co., Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Baking Soda
    • 6.1.2 Food & Beverage
    • 6.1.3 Personal Care
    • 6.1.4 Pharmaceutical
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Powdered Sodium Bicarbonate
    • 6.2.2 Granular Sodium Bicarbonate
    • 6.2.3 Fine Sodium Bicarbonate
    • 6.2.4 Coarse Sodium Bicarbonate
    • 6.2.5 Microfine Sodium Bicarbonate
  • 6.3 Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Natural Sodium Bicarbonate
    • 6.3.2 Synthetic Sodium Bicarbonate
  • 6.4 Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Indirect Sales

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Powdered Sodium Bicarbonate
• Granular Sodium Bicarbonate
• Fine Sodium Bicarbonate
• Coarse Sodium Bicarbonate
• Microfine Sodium Bicarbonate

By Application

• Baking Soda
• Food & Beverage
• Personal Care
• Pharmaceutical
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Indirect Sales

By Ingredient Type

• Natural Sodium Bicarbonate
• Synthetic Sodium Bicarbonate

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Church & Dwight Co., Inc.
• Solvay S.A.
• FMC Corporation
• Arm & Hammer
• Natural Soda LLC
• Parchem Fine & Specialty Chemicals
• US Sodium Bicarbonate LLC
• Hawkins, Inc.
• American Natural Soda Ash Corp.
• Jost Chemical Co.
• Daihan Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Shandong Haihua Group Co., Ltd.
• Jiangxi Aierfu Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Hengshui Jizhong Chemical Co., Ltd.
• Innospec Inc.