Copper Sales

Copper Sales Market Outlook

The global copper sales market is projected to reach a value of approximately USD 200 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of around 4.5% from 2025 to 2035. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for copper in various sectors, particularly in electrical and electronics, construction, and automotive industries. The expanding urbanization and infrastructural development worldwide are significantly contributing to the rising utilization of copper, particularly in electrical wiring and plumbing applications. Moreover, the growing emphasis on renewable energy solutions and electric vehicles is expected to further boost the demand for copper, given its excellent electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance properties. The market dynamics are also influenced by technological advancements in mining and refining processes that enhance copper recovery and purity, thereby driving the overall market growth.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several factors are driving the growth of the copper sales market, with industrialization being a primary contributor. As economies develop, the demand for copper in construction materials, electrical wiring, and various machinery is increasing. Additionally, the global push towards renewable energy and electric vehicles is propelling copper demand due to its critical role in electric motors, batteries, and renewable energy infrastructure. The construction sector is also experiencing substantial growth, particularly in emerging markets where urban development is rapidly progressing, thus requiring substantial amounts of copper for wiring, plumbing, and structural components. Furthermore, the growing trend of smart technologies and IoT devices is expected to increase copper usage in electronics, as the demand for sophisticated electrical components rises. The fluctuation in copper prices, however, poses a challenge, with potential impacts on production and investment decisions in the market.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global copper sales market is expected to reach USD 200 billion by 2035.
• CAGR of approximately 4.5% projected from 2025 to 2035.
• Electrical & electronics segment is a major contributor to copper demand.
• Significant growth anticipated in the construction sector, particularly in emerging economies.
• Technological advancements are enhancing copper mining and refining processes.

By Product Type

Copper Cathode:

Copper cathodes represent one of the primary product types in the copper sales market, serving as the foundational input for various copper-based products. They are refined copper sheets that are produced through the electrolytic process, achieving high purity levels, often above 99.99%. The demand for copper cathodes is significantly driven by the manufacturing of wires, cables, and other electrical components due to their superior electrical properties. As industries continue to evolve, the needs for high-quality conductive materials have risen, thereby bolstering the copper cathode market. Furthermore, the rise in recycling initiatives has also increased the availability of copper cathodes, making them a sustainable choice for manufacturers aiming for eco-friendly production methods. The rapid growth of electric vehicles and renewable energy technologies continues to augment the requirement for copper cathodes in various applications.

Copper Concentrate:

Copper concentrate is another vital segment in the copper sales market, comprising a mixture of copper sulfide and other minerals that are obtained from mining operations. This product serves as a critical intermediary in the copper production process, as it undergoes further refining to produce pure copper. The demand for copper concentrate is influenced mainly by mining activities and global copper prices. Additionally, as the world shifts towards sustainable mining practices, the focus on maximizing recovery rates from copper ore has increased, thereby enhancing the market for copper concentrate. Furthermore, the rise in global infrastructure development projects and construction activities necessitates a steady supply of raw materials, including copper concentrate, to meet the growing demand for copper in various industries. The fluctuating mining outputs and geopolitical factors can significantly impact the supply chain dynamics and pricing of copper concentrate.

Copper Rods:

Copper rods have a significant role in the copper sales market, primarily utilized in electrical applications and manufacturing processes. These rods are produced through various fabrication techniques and are often drawn down into wires. The increasing demand for electrical conductors, especially in power distribution and transmission networks, is a key growth driver for copper rods. Additionally, the automotive industry's shift towards electric vehicles is further intensifying the need for copper rods, as they are essential in battery manufacturing and wiring systems. The advancements in technology aimed at enhancing the efficiency of copper rod production and the rising emphasis on lightweight and compact electrical components are also propelling this segment's growth. As industries evolve, innovation in the production techniques and applications of copper rods will define market trends and opportunities for expansion.

Copper Wires:

The market for copper wires is expanding rapidly, buoyed by the rising demand from sectors such as construction, telecommunications, and electronics. Copper wires are favored for their excellent electrical conductivity and durability, making them an essential component in virtually all electronic devices and electrical systems. As smart technologies and IoT devices proliferate, the necessity for reliable and high-performance wiring solutions has surged. Additionally, the construction industry utilizes copper wires extensively in electrical installations, which complements the growth of residential and commercial building projects globally. Innovations in wire manufacturing, such as the development of insulated and multi-stranded wires, are also enhancing product performance, thereby contributing to market growth. As sustainability becomes increasingly important, the focus on recycling and sustainable sourcing of copper wires will likely affect future market dynamics.

Copper Tubes:

Copper tubes are integral to various applications, particularly in plumbing, HVAC systems, and industrial machinery. The durability and resistance of copper tubes to corrosion and extreme temperatures make them a preferred choice in many sectors. The growth in construction and infrastructural projects, especially in urban settings, is significantly driving the demand for copper tubes. Additionally, the boom in renewable energy systems, such as solar water heaters and geothermal heating, is further augmenting the market for copper tubes. With the increasing emphasis on efficient and sustainable building practices, copper tubes are becoming an essential component in creating energy-efficient infrastructures. Moreover, technological advancements in the manufacturing processes of copper tubes continue to enhance product quality and performance, thus catering to the diverse needs of industries.

By Application

Construction:

The construction sector is one of the largest applications of copper, significantly driving market growth. Copper is extensively employed in various construction applications, including electrical wiring, plumbing systems, roofing, and structural components. The inherent properties of copper, such as corrosion resistance, durability, and excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, make it an ideal choice for construction projects. With the increasing global urbanization and infrastructure development, the demand for copper in construction is expected to continue rising. Furthermore, modern building codes emphasize energy efficiency, and copper's role in renewable energy systems, such as solar panels and heating systems, enhances its market potential. As construction technologies advance, the innovative use of copper in sustainable building practices will further bolster its demand in the sector.

Electrical & Electronics:

The electrical and electronics industry is a major consumer of copper, as it is vital for the production of wires, connectors, and various electronic components. The excellent electrical conductivity of copper makes it the preferred material for electrical applications, ensuring efficient power transmission and reduced energy loss in electrical systems. With the rapid advancement of technology and the proliferation of electronic devices, the demand for copper in this sector is expected to grow significantly. Moreover, the increasing focus on renewable energy, electric vehicles, and smart technologies further enhances the demand for copper in manufacturing batteries, motors, and other critical components. As the global electronics market expands, the copper sales market will benefit from the growing requirements for high-performance electrical materials.

Automotive:

The automotive industry is another essential application segment for copper, particularly with the industry's transition towards electric vehicles (EVs). Copper is used in various automotive components, including wiring harnesses, batteries, and electric motors. The shift towards EVs and hybrids is driving a surge in copper demand, as these vehicles require significantly more copper than traditional combustion engine vehicles. Furthermore, manufacturers are increasingly adopting lightweight materials, and the high conductivity of copper makes it a favorable choice for automotive applications. The growth of smart vehicle technologies and connected cars is also bolstering copper utilization in advanced electronic systems. As the automotive landscape evolves with technological advancements, the demand for copper is expected to continue its upward trajectory.

Industrial Machinery:

Copper is widely utilized in industrial machinery due to its excellent conductivity and machinability. It is essential in manufacturing various machinery components, including pumps, valves, and heat exchangers. The growing industrial sector, particularly in emerging economies, is driving the demand for copper in machinery applications. The rise of automation and smart manufacturing processes also contributes to increased copper usage, as these technologies often require high-quality conductive materials. Moreover, the push towards energy-efficient machinery is enhancing the demand for copper, as it offers superior thermal and electrical properties. As industries continue to innovate and modernize, the need for copper in industrial machinery applications is expected to grow significantly over the coming years.

Consumer Goods:

The consumer goods sector is increasingly incorporating copper into a variety of products, ranging from cookware to electronics. The unique properties of copper, such as its antimicrobial characteristics, make it an attractive choice for kitchenware and appliances. Additionally, with the rise in health-conscious consumer trends, products like copper-infused textiles and medical devices are gaining popularity. The growing demand for aesthetically appealing and functional consumer products is also driving the use of copper in design and manufacturing. Furthermore, sustainable production practices and the trend towards eco-friendly materials are propelling the market for copper in consumer goods. As consumer preferences evolve, the copper sales market is likely to see increased innovation and application in this segment.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales play a crucial role in the copper sales market, allowing manufacturers to establish direct relationships with their customers, including industrial buyers and contractors. This mode of distribution enables manufacturers to offer competitive pricing, customized solutions, and better service, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction. Direct sales are particularly beneficial in the copper industry, where large volumes of material are often purchased for specific projects. Additionally, manufacturers can receive immediate feedback from their clients, facilitating improvements in product offerings and services. The growth of online platforms and digital marketing strategies is also adding new dimensions to direct sales, making it easier for customers to access information and make informed purchasing decisions.

Distributors:

Distributors serve as intermediaries in the copper sales market, providing a crucial link between manufacturers and end-users. They handle inventory, logistics, and customer relationships, allowing manufacturers to focus on production while ensuring that copper products reach various sectors efficiently. Distributors often have established networks and knowledge of local markets, which enables them to cater to specific client needs effectively. The demand for distributors is expected to grow as industries expand, necessitating a streamlined supply chain for copper products. Furthermore, the increasing complexity of copper applications and customer demands for diverse product specifications make distributors essential in providing tailored solutions and timely deliveries.

Online Retailers:

Online retailers are emerging as a significant distribution channel in the copper sales market, especially with the rise of e-commerce. This channel offers convenience and accessibility for customers looking to purchase copper products in smaller quantities or for specific projects. Online platforms allow for easy price comparisons, and customers can often find a wider range of products compared to traditional retail locations. The growth of digital marketing and online promotions has further accelerated the shift towards online purchases, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises that may not have access to bulk purchasing from manufacturers. As consumer behavior continues to evolve towards online shopping, the role of online retailers in the copper sales market is expected to become increasingly important.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores cater to niche markets in the copper sales industry, focusing on specific applications or product types. These stores typically offer a curated selection of copper products, such as unique cookware, electrical components, or artisan goods. Specialty stores often attract customers seeking high-quality or specialty items that may not be available in larger retail chains. They also provide personalized service and expertise, helping customers make informed purchasing decisions. As consumer interest in unique and artisanal products grows, the demand for specialty stores in the copper sales market is likely to increase. Additionally, these stores often play a significant role in promoting sustainable and ethically sourced copper products, aligning with modern consumer preferences.

Others:

Other distribution channels in the copper sales market include wholesalers, auctions, and trade shows, which also play a role in connecting manufacturers and end-users. Wholesalers often purchase copper products in bulk and then distribute them to smaller retailers or directly to businesses, providing an essential function in the supply chain. Auctions and trade shows offer opportunities for manufacturers to showcase their products and connect with potential buyers, creating a dynamic marketplace for copper sales. Additionally, as the market evolves, new distribution methods, such as subscription models and collaborative purchasing platforms, may emerge, further diversifying the channels through which copper products are sold. Understanding and leveraging these various distribution channels will be essential for manufacturers aiming to maximize their market reach and sales.

By Region

The regional analysis of the copper sales market reveals distinct trends and demands in various parts of the world. The Asia Pacific region is currently the largest market for copper sales, accounting for approximately 45% of the global market share. This dominance is driven by the robust industrial growth in countries like China and India, where significant investments in infrastructure and construction are underway. The rapid expansion of the electrical and electronics sectors, coupled with the increasing adoption of electric vehicles, is further enhancing the demand for copper. Additionally, the Asia Pacific region is expected to witness a CAGR of about 5% during the forecast period, indicating strong future growth prospects as urbanization and industrialization continue to rise.

North America and Europe are also substantial markets for copper sales, with North America holding approximately 25% and Europe around 20% of the global market. The North American market is characterized by a high demand for copper in automotive applications, particularly with the transition to electric vehicles. Furthermore, the region's focus on renewable energy projects is driving copper utilization in various applications. In Europe, the increasing emphasis on sustainable construction and energy-efficient buildings is boosting the demand for copper products. As countries in these regions implement stricter regulations on energy efficiency and sustainability, the prospects for copper sales are expected to remain strong. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa account for the remaining share of the market, with opportunities arising from infrastructure development and resource exploration initiatives.

Opportunities

The copper sales market presents numerous opportunities for growth, especially in emerging economies where infrastructural development is rapidly increasing. As countries undergo modernization and urbanization, the demand for copper in construction, electrical, and manufacturing applications is expected to surge. The ongoing investments in smart city initiatives and renewable energy projects create a favorable environment for copper utilization, as they require substantial amounts of wiring, tubing, and connectors. Additionally, the rise of electric vehicles opens up new avenues for copper sales, as these vehicles utilize significantly more copper than traditional combustion engine vehicles. Companies that can innovate and adapt to these trends by enhancing their product offerings or developing sustainable practices will likely capture a larger share of this growing market. Furthermore, cross-industry collaborations and partnerships can also provide companies with access to new markets and technologies, further driving growth.

Moreover, the increasing awareness of the importance of recycling and sustainable sourcing of copper presents an opportunity for companies in the market. With consumers and industries alike placing greater emphasis on sustainability, businesses that prioritize eco-friendly practices and make the recycling of copper a core part of their operations will likely appeal to a wider customer base. Additionally, advancements in copper extraction and refining technologies can improve recovery rates and reduce environmental impact, further enhancing market attractiveness. Engaging in research and development to create new applications for copper, such as in green technologies or medical devices, can also yield significant returns. As the global economy transitions towards more sustainable practices, the copper sales market stands to benefit from these evolving dynamics.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the copper sales market, several threats could impact its growth trajectory. One notable threat is the volatility of copper prices, which can be influenced by geopolitical tensions, trade disputes, and fluctuations in supply and demand. Such price instability can deter investment in copper mining and production, affecting the overall supply chain and market sentiment. Additionally, the increasing competition from alternative materials, such as aluminum and composite materials, poses a challenge to copper sales, particularly in industries where light weight and cost-effectiveness are prioritized. As manufacturers seek to reduce costs and improve efficiency, they may opt for substitutes that offer similar performance at lower prices, thereby impacting copper's market share.

Another threat arises from environmental regulations and sustainability concerns related to copper mining and production. As governments and regulatory bodies impose stricter environmental standards, companies may face challenges in adhering to compliance requirements, potentially leading to increased operational costs. The societal impacts of mining activities, such as land degradation and water pollution, can also result in public opposition and stricter regulatory frameworks. Companies operating in this space must navigate these challenges carefully while ensuring that they maintain responsible and sustainable practices. Additionally, the ongoing global shift towards digitalization and automation necessitates that traditional copper-dependent industries adapt or risk losing relevance, thus impacting overall demand for copper products.

Competitor Outlook

• Freeport-McMoRan Inc.
• BHP Group Plc
• Southern Copper Corporation
• Glencore International AG
• Antofagasta Plc
• Codelco
• First Quantum Minerals Ltd.
• Teck Resources Limited
• Vale S.A.
• China Northern Rare Earth Group High-Tech Co., Ltd.
• Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited
• Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
• Electrolytic Copper Foil Factory
• KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
• Wolverine Tube, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the copper sales market is characterized by a mix of large multinational corporations and smaller regional players. Major companies like Freeport-McMoRan Inc., BHP Group Plc, and Glencore International AG dominate the market with their extensive mining operations and diversified product offerings. These companies have established strong supply chains and distribution networks, allowing them to cater to a wide range of industries and applications. Additionally, their significant investments in technology and sustainability practices position them favorably to adapt to changing market dynamics. As competition intensifies, these companies are increasingly focusing on innovation, cost efficiency, and sustainable practices to maintain their market leadership.

Southern Copper Corporation and Codelco are among the prominent players in the copper production industry, known for their large-scale mining operations in Latin America. Southern Copper, for instance, has a strong presence in Peru and Mexico, and it has invested heavily in expanding its production capacity to meet growing global demand. Similarly, Codelco, as a state-owned company in Chile, is one of the largest copper producers worldwide, leveraging its vast resources and technological expertise to dominate the market. These companies face continuous pressure to enhance operational efficiency and reduce environmental impact while fulfilling their commitments to sustainability and corporate social responsibility.

Emerging market players like Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited and KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. are also gaining traction in the copper sales market, leveraging regional advantages and focusing on innovative extraction and processing technologies. Jiangxi Copper, for example, is recognized for its efforts in expanding its production capabilities and optimizing its supply chain, while KGHM is focusing on diversifying its product offerings and entering new markets. The competitive dynamics of the copper sales market will likely shift as these companies strive to increase their market presence and adapt to the evolving needs of customers, particularly in the context of sustainability and technological advancements.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Codelco
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Vale S.A.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 BHP Group Plc
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Antofagasta Plc
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Wolverine Tube, Inc.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Freeport-McMoRan Inc.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Teck Resources Limited
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Glencore International AG
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 First Quantum Minerals Ltd.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Southern Copper Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Electrolytic Copper Foil Factory
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 China Northern Rare Earth Group High-Tech Co., Ltd.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Copper Sales Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Construction
    • 6.1.2 Electrical & Electronics
    • 6.1.3 Automotive
    • 6.1.4 Industrial Machinery
    • 6.1.5 Consumer Goods
  • 6.2 Copper Sales Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Copper Cathode
    • 6.2.2 Copper Concentrate
    • 6.2.3 Copper Rods
    • 6.2.4 Copper Wire
    • 6.2.5 Copper Tubes
  • 6.3 Copper Sales Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.3.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.3.2 Distributors
    • 6.3.3 Online Retailers
    • 6.3.4 Specialty Stores
    • 6.3.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Copper Sales Market by Region
  • 10.3 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 India
      • 10.3.1.2 China
      • 10.3.1.3 Japan
      • 10.3.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.4 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.4.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.4.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.5 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 USA
      • 10.5.1.2 Canada
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Copper Sales market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Copper Cathode
• Copper Concentrate
• Copper Rods
• Copper Wire
• Copper Tubes

By Application

• Construction
• Electrical & Electronics
• Automotive
• Industrial Machinery
• Consumer Goods

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Online Retailers
• Specialty Stores
• Others

By Region

• Asia Pacific
• North America
• Europe
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Freeport-McMoRan Inc.
• BHP Group Plc
• Southern Copper Corporation
• Glencore International AG
• Antofagasta Plc
• Codelco
• First Quantum Minerals Ltd.
• Teck Resources Limited
• Vale S.A.
• China Northern Rare Earth Group High-Tech Co., Ltd.
• Jiangxi Copper Corporation Limited
• Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
• Electrolytic Copper Foil Factory
• KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
• Wolverine Tube, Inc.