Automotive Steering Gearbox

Automotive Steering Gearbox Market Outlook

The global automotive steering gearbox market is projected to reach approximately USD 20 billion by 2035, registering a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 5% during the forecast period of 2025 to 2035. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for advanced steering systems, heightened consumer preference for fuel-efficient vehicles, and the continuous advancements in automotive technologies. Furthermore, the shift towards electric and hybrid vehicles is driving innovations in steering gearbox design and functionality. The growing automotive industry in emerging economies is also significantly contributing to market expansion. With the rise in vehicle production and a focus on enhanced driving comfort and safety features, the automotive steering gearbox market is set for robust growth.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several growth factors are steering the automotive steering gearbox market towards an upward trajectory. Firstly, the increasing production of passenger vehicles and commercial trucks globally is directly influencing the demand for advanced steering gearboxes, characterized by enhanced performance and reliability. Secondly, the rise in electric vehicles, which often require specialized steering systems for improved maneuverability, is catalyzing innovations and driving demand. Additionally, the trend toward automation and the integration of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) poses a significant opportunity for manufacturers to develop new steering technologies. The growing awareness and demand for safety features in vehicles, including electronic power steering systems that improve control and handling, further propel the market. Lastly, regulations concerning vehicle emissions and fuel efficiency are pushing manufacturers to adopt more efficient steering systems, thereby enhancing the market's growth potential.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The market is witnessing a growing trend towards electric and hybrid vehicles, which require specialized steering systems.
• Technological advancements in steering systems, such as steer-by-wire technology, are boosting the market growth.
• Regionally, Asia Pacific is anticipated to dominate the market due to high vehicle production and sales.
• The aftermarket segment is experiencing substantial growth as consumers look for high-performance steering components.
• Increasing investments in R&D by key players to innovate steering technologies is a promising trend in the market.

By Product Type

Rack and Pinion Steering Gearbox:

Rack and pinion steering gearboxes are among the most commonly used types in modern vehicles. Their design offers a direct connection between the steering wheel and the wheels of the vehicle, which allows for precise steering control. This type of gearbox is favored for its simplicity, efficiency, and responsiveness, making it a popular choice in both passenger and commercial vehicles. The growing preference for lightweight and compact steering systems has further propelled the adoption of rack and pinion gearboxes. Additionally, as manufacturers aim to enhance fuel efficiency and reduce vehicle weight, the integration of rack and pinion systems is becoming increasingly prevalent.

Recirculating Ball Steering Gearbox:

Recirculating ball steering gearboxes are primarily used in larger vehicles due to their robustness and ability to handle heavy loads. This type of gearbox utilizes a series of ball bearings to minimize friction and improve steering performance. Its design is well-suited for trucks and SUVs, where steering precision and durability are paramount. Although less common in passenger vehicles, recirculating ball systems are found in many heavy-duty applications, providing a reliable solution for larger vehicle classes. The increasing demand for commercial vehicles is positively impacting the growth of this segment, as manufacturers seek to optimize steering systems for enhanced performance.

Cam and Roller Steering Gearbox:

Cam and roller steering gearboxes are less prevalent than other types but are valued for their unique design that allows for smooth steering transitions. This system operates using a cam profile and rollers to achieve accurate steering input and output, making it ideal for certain specialized applications. Due to its complexity and the associated manufacturing costs, this type is often limited to high-performance or luxury vehicles where precise steering feedback is crucial. The niche market for cam and roller gearboxes is expected to grow as performance-oriented consumer preferences continue to rise.

Worm and Sector Steering Gearbox:

Worm and sector steering gearboxes utilize a worm gear to convert the rotational motion of the steering wheel into linear motion at the wheels, offering a robust and reliable solution for vehicles. This type is commonly found in older vehicles and certain commercial applications due to its durability and low maintenance requirements. As newer technologies emerge, the worm and sector design is gradually being replaced, but there remains a steady market for maintaining older vehicle models. The focus on retrofitting and upgrading aging vehicles ensures a continued niche demand for this type of gearbox.

Hybrid Steering Gearbox:

Hybrid steering gearboxes represent a blend of traditional mechanical systems with advanced electronic features, thus enhancing steering performance and responsiveness. These systems are increasingly being integrated into modern vehicles as manufacturers strive to offer innovative solutions that improve driver experience. The hybrid approach facilitates the benefits of both manual and automated steering, appealing particularly to manufacturers of electric and autonomous vehicles. The rising trend towards electrification in the automotive industry is poised to drive the growth of hybrid steering gear solutions, offering significant advantages in efficiency and performance.

By Application

Passenger Cars:

Passenger cars constitute a significant portion of the automotive steering gearbox market, driven by the high demand for personal vehicles globally. The increasing consumer preference for comfort and safety features in passenger vehicles significantly influences the choice of steering systems, with manufacturers focusing on enhanced steering response and efficiency. Innovations such as electronic power steering systems are gaining traction in this segment, contributing to the growth of the market. Furthermore, the rise in disposable income and urbanization are leading to increased vehicle ownership, thereby driving demand for advanced steering solutions tailored for passenger cars.

Commercial Vehicles:

The commercial vehicle segment plays a crucial role in the automotive steering gearbox market, as these vehicles require robust and reliable steering systems to manage heavy loads and diverse driving conditions. The demand for commercial vehicles is driven by the expanding logistics and transportation industries, which rely heavily on trucks and vans for goods transport. Manufacturers are increasingly focusing on producing steering gearboxes that can provide better durability and performance under extreme conditions. The shift towards fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly commercial vehicles further supports the growth of advanced steering technologies catered to this segment.

Off-road Vehicles:

Off-road vehicles, including SUVs and ATVs, have unique steering requirements due to their specialized driving environments. The steering gearboxes in these vehicles need to provide excellent control and durability to handle rough terrains and challenging conditions. Manufacturers are continuously innovating to create steering systems that enhance off-road performance while ensuring driver safety and comfort. The increased popularity of recreational off-road activities is boosting the demand for these vehicles, thus positively impacting the market for off-road-specific steering gearboxes.

Electric Vehicles:

Electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly redefining the automotive landscape, and the steering gearbox market is no exception. With the inherent design differences in EVs, there is a growing demand for specialized steering systems that can accommodate the unique performance characteristics of electric motors. Technologies such as steer-by-wire systems are being developed to offer improved responsiveness and efficiency in EVs. As governments worldwide promote the transition to electric mobility, the demand for advanced steering gear solutions in this segment is expected to soar, leading to substantial market growth.

Autonomous Vehicles:

The advent of autonomous vehicles presents a transformative opportunity for the automotive steering gearbox market. As vehicles become increasingly automated, the need for precise and reliable steering control becomes paramount. Manufacturers are investing heavily in developing innovative steering solutions that can seamlessly integrate with automated systems. The shift towards fully autonomous driving capabilities is driving demand for advanced steering technologies, such as electronic and hybrid systems, that can provide the necessary feedback and control in complex driving scenarios. This segment is anticipated to be a significant growth driver in the coming years, as the automobile industry pushes the boundaries towards achieving fully self-driving vehicles.

By Distribution Channel

OEMs:

Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) continue to dominate the automotive steering gearbox market, representing a substantial share of the distribution channel segment. OEMs typically work directly with vehicle manufacturers to ensure that steering systems meet specific vehicle requirements and standards. The growing trend of vehicle customization and the increasing complexity of modern steering systems are prompting OEMs to innovate and enhance their product offerings. As vehicle production ramps up globally, the OEM distribution channel is expected to maintain its dominance, supported by partnerships and collaborations with leading automotive manufacturers.

Aftermarket:

The aftermarket segment is gaining traction as consumers increasingly seek replacement and upgrade options for their vehicle steering systems. This growth is driven by several factors, including the rising number of aging vehicles on the road and a growing awareness of the importance of maintaining steering performance for safety reasons. Aftermarket suppliers are focusing on providing high-quality replacement parts and advanced steering solutions to meet the evolving needs of consumers. As vehicle ownership rises, the demand for aftermarket steering components is anticipated to grow significantly, providing extensive opportunities for suppliers in this segment.

Dealerships:

Dealerships play an essential role in the distribution of automotive steering gearboxes by serving as a direct link between manufacturers and consumers. They provide customers with access to a range of steering solutions, including OEM parts and aftermarket upgrades. The dealership network is crucial for ensuring that consumers receive genuine parts and quality service, thereby building trust and loyalty. As more consumers turn to dealership services for vehicle maintenance and repairs, the dealership distribution channel is expected to remain a vital aspect of the automotive steering gearbox market.

Online Retailers:

Online retailers are rapidly changing the landscape of the automotive parts market, including steering gearboxes. The convenience and accessibility of online shopping are driving consumers to purchase steering components through e-commerce platforms. This trend is particularly appealing to DIY enthusiasts and those seeking cost-effective replacement parts. Online retailers offer a vast selection of products, often at competitive prices, thus attracting a broader audience. As online shopping continues to grow in popularity, the online retail channel is anticipated to see significant expansion in the automotive steering gearbox market.

Others:

The "Others" category in the distribution channel segment encompasses various alternative sales channels, including third-party distributors and wholesalers. These channels provide an important service by supplying steering components to smaller repair shops and garages that may not have direct access to OEMs or larger retailers. With the emphasis on local and independent service providers increasing, this distribution channel is vital for ensuring that a diverse range of consumers can find the steering solutions they need. As the automotive repair market evolves, the role of these alternative distribution channels is expected to grow, contributing to the overall expansion of the steering gearbox market.

By Material Type

Steel:

Steel remains the most widely used material in the production of automotive steering gearboxes due to its strength, durability, and cost-effectiveness. Steel components offer excellent mechanical properties that can withstand the forces involved in vehicle steering, ensuring long-lasting performance. The emphasis on safety and reliability in vehicle design further reinforces the use of steel in steering systems. Additionally, advancements in steel processing techniques have allowed manufacturers to produce lighter and more efficient components, contributing to overall vehicle weight reduction and fuel efficiency.

Aluminum:

Aluminum is increasingly being utilized in the automotive steering gearbox market as manufacturers seek to reduce vehicle weight while maintaining performance. The lightweight nature of aluminum allows for improved fuel efficiency and handling characteristics, making it an attractive option for modern vehicles. Aluminum steering components can offer comparable strength to steel while significantly reducing the overall weight of the steering system. The trend towards electrification and hybrid vehicles is further driving the demand for aluminum in steering applications, as manufacturers prioritize efficiency and performance.

Cast Iron:

Cast iron, known for its excellent wear resistance and strength, is still used in certain steering gearbox applications, particularly in heavy-duty and commercial vehicles. While the use of cast iron has declined in passenger vehicles due to weight concerns, it remains a reliable option for specific applications requiring enhanced durability and performance. The properties of cast iron make it suitable for high-load conditions, providing a stable and robust steering system. However, as the automotive industry pivots towards lighter materials for efficiency, the growth of cast iron in steering gearboxes may be limited.

Magnesium:

Magnesium is emerging as a premium material choice for automotive steering gearboxes, offering a compelling alternative to traditional materials like steel and aluminum. The lightweight nature of magnesium, combined with its high strength-to-weight ratio, makes it an excellent choice for manufacturers looking to optimize vehicle performance and efficiency. As the automotive industry increasingly focuses on reducing emissions and improving fuel economy, the adoption of magnesium in steering systems is expected to rise. Innovations in magnesium processing and production techniques are further enhancing its feasibility as a material for steering gearboxes.

Others:

The "Others" category for material types encompasses a range of alternative materials used in specialized steering applications, including composites and advanced polymers. These materials are gaining traction due to their lightweight properties and resistance to corrosion. Manufacturers are exploring innovative materials that can offer tailored performance characteristics for specific vehicle applications, particularly in high-performance and electric vehicles. As the automotive industry continues to advance, the development of new materials and their application in steering gearboxes could lead to significant breakthroughs in product performance and efficiency.

By Region

The automotive steering gearbox market is significantly influenced by regional dynamics, with North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific being key players. In North America, the market is benefiting from a growing consumer demand for advanced steering systems, driven by increasing vehicle production and a shift towards electric vehicles. The region's automotive industry is projected to experience a steady CAGR of 4% over the forecast period, fueled by technological innovations and strong sales of passenger vehicles. Additionally, the presence of major automotive manufacturers and a robust aftermarket network contribute to the region's market growth.

Europe stands as a significant market for automotive steering gearboxes, with a strong emphasis on safety, performance, and environmental regulations driving innovation in this sector. The region is anticipated to witness a CAGR of around 4.5% during the forecast period, primarily due to the rising popularity of electric and autonomous vehicles. Governments in Europe are heavily investing in infrastructure for EVs, which will further stimulate demand for advanced steering technologies. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is expected to dominate the global market share, with projections indicating a robust CAGR of 6% over the forecast period. This growth can be attributed to the rapid expansion of the automotive industry in countries like China and India, which are witnessing increasing vehicle production to meet the rising consumer demand for mobility solutions.

Opportunities

The automotive steering gearbox market is poised for numerous opportunities, particularly as the industry continues to evolve with technological advancements. One significant opportunity lies in the growing trend towards electrification and hybridization of vehicles. As automakers prioritize fuel efficiency and sustainability, the demand for advanced steering systems that can enhance vehicle performance and provide enhanced driver experience will increase. Innovations like steer-by-wire technology are at the forefront of this shift, allowing for greater customization and control. Manufacturers can capitalize on this trend by investing in research and development to create next-generation steering systems that address the needs of modern consumers.

Another opportunity exists within the aftermarket segment, where consumers are increasingly looking for performance upgrades and replacements for aging vehicle components. As vehicle ownership continues to rise, the demand for high-quality aftermarket steering gear components is expected to grow significantly. Companies focusing on providing superior quality products, along with excellent customer service and warranty options, will have a competitive edge in capturing this market. Establishing strong distribution networks and partnerships with repair shops can further enhance market reach and provide significant growth opportunities for aftermarket suppliers in the automotive steering gearbox sector.

Threats

The automotive steering gearbox market faces several threats that could impact its growth trajectory. One major concern is the rapid pace of technological change and innovation within the automotive industry. As new technologies emerge, manufacturers must keep pace with evolving consumer demands and preferences, which can strain resources and investment. Companies that are slow to adapt to these changes risk losing market share to more agile competitors that better understand and respond to market needs. Additionally, the ongoing global semiconductor shortage has impacted automotive production schedules and supply chains, leading to delays and increased costs that could hinder the growth of the steering gearbox market.

Furthermore, intense competition among manufacturers can pose challenges, particularly for smaller companies that may struggle to compete with established players in terms of pricing and product offerings. The increasing focus on sustainability and eco-friendliness in the automotive industry is also influencing material choices and production processes. Companies that fail to adopt more environmentally friendly practices may find themselves at a disadvantage as consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability in their purchasing decisions. It is essential for manufacturers to remain vigilant and proactive in addressing these threats to maintain a competitive edge in the automotive steering gearbox market.

Competitor Outlook

• ZF Friedrichshafen AG
• Thyssenkrupp AG
• Jtekt Corporation
• Schaeffler Group
• TRW Automotive
• NSK Ltd.
• Robert Bosch GmbH
• Moog Inc.
• Delphi Technologies
• Continental AG
• Hitachi Automotive Systems
• American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc.
• Magna International Inc.
• Kongsberg Automotive
• Hyundai Mobis

The competitive landscape of the automotive steering gearbox market is characterized by the presence of several key players, each striving to enhance their market position through innovation, strategic partnerships, and technological advancements. Leading manufacturers such as ZF Friedrichshafen AG and Thyssenkrupp AG are at the forefront of developing advanced steering technologies. These companies invest heavily in research and development to create products that not only meet regulatory standards but also exceed consumer expectations for performance and safety. The emphasis on electric and autonomous vehicle technology has led these companies to pivot towards innovative steering solutions that integrate seamlessly with modern vehicle architectures.

Jtekt Corporation and Schaeffler Group are also notable competitors, renowned for their commitment to quality and innovation in steering systems. Jtekt's focus on developing intelligent steering solutions aligns with the growing trend towards automation and enhanced driver assistance systems. Similarly, Schaeffler's extensive portfolio includes advanced steering technologies that cater to the evolving needs of the automotive industry. These companies leverage their international presence and strong supply chains to ensure timely delivery of high-quality steering gear components to customers worldwide.

In addition to these major players, several other companies, including Delphi Technologies and NSK Ltd., are actively contributing to the market's growth through innovative product offerings and strategic collaborations. By establishing partnerships with automotive manufacturers and suppliers, these companies can enhance their product visibility and expand their market reach. The automotive steering gearbox market is expected to witness continued competition and innovation, resulting in advanced solutions that meet the demands of an evolving automotive landscape.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 NSK Ltd.
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Moog Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Hyundai Mobis
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Continental AG
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 TRW Automotive
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Thyssenkrupp AG
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Schaeffler Group
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Jtekt Corporation
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Robert Bosch GmbH
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Delphi Technologies
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Kongsberg Automotive
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 ZF Friedrichshafen AG
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Magna International Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Hitachi Automotive Systems
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Automotive Steering Gearbox Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Passenger Cars
    • 6.1.2 Commercial Vehicles
    • 6.1.3 Off-road Vehicles
    • 6.1.4 Electric Vehicles
    • 6.1.5 Autonomous Vehicles
  • 6.2 Automotive Steering Gearbox Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Rack and Pinion Steering Gearbox
    • 6.2.2 Recirculating Ball Steering Gearbox
    • 6.2.3 Cam and Roller Steering Gearbox
    • 6.2.4 Worm and Sector Steering Gearbox
    • 6.2.5 Hybrid Steering Gearbox
  • 6.3 Automotive Steering Gearbox Market, By Material Type
    • 6.3.1 Steel
    • 6.3.2 Aluminum
    • 6.3.3 Cast Iron
    • 6.3.4 Magnesium
    • 6.3.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Automotive Steering Gearbox Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Automotive Steering Gearbox market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Rack and Pinion Steering Gearbox
• Recirculating Ball Steering Gearbox
• Cam and Roller Steering Gearbox
• Worm and Sector Steering Gearbox
• Hybrid Steering Gearbox

By Application

• Passenger Cars
• Commercial Vehicles
• Off-road Vehicles
• Electric Vehicles
• Autonomous Vehicles

By Material Type

• Steel
• Aluminum
• Cast Iron
• Magnesium
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• ZF Friedrichshafen AG
• Thyssenkrupp AG
• Jtekt Corporation
• Schaeffler Group
• TRW Automotive
• NSK Ltd.
• Robert Bosch GmbH
• Moog Inc.
• Delphi Technologies
• Continental AG
• Hitachi Automotive Systems
• American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc.
• Magna International Inc.
• Kongsberg Automotive
• Hyundai Mobis