Automotive Piston Pin

Automotive Piston Pin Market Outlook

The global automotive piston pin market is experiencing significant growth, with an estimated market size reaching approximately USD 1.5 billion in 2023 and projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 4.5% from 2025 to 2035. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing demand for fuel-efficient and high-performance vehicles, as manufacturers focus on optimizing engine performance to meet stringent emission regulations. Additionally, the rise of electric vehicles is also contributing to market expansion, as these vehicles require advanced piston pin designs for their unique engine configurations. Moreover, the expanding automotive industry in emerging economies, coupled with technological advancements in manufacturing processes, is further propelling the adoption of piston pins in various vehicle applications. With the continual evolution of automotive technologies, the piston pin market is set to witness robust advancements that will cater to diverse consumer needs.

Growth Factor of the Market

Several key factors are driving the growth of the automotive piston pin market, with one of the most significant being the rise in vehicle production across the globe. As nations invest in infrastructure development and urbanization, the demand for various types of vehicles continues to surge, thereby increasing the need for high-quality piston pins. Additionally, stringent fuel efficiency regulations imposed by governments are compelling automotive manufacturers to innovate and adopt lightweight materials, such as aluminum and titanium, for piston pins, ensuring reduced engine weight and improved performance. Furthermore, advancements in manufacturing technologies, such as precision casting and forging, have enhanced the durability and performance of piston pins, making them essential components in modern engines. Another contributing factor is the growing popularity of motorsports and racing vehicles, which demand advanced engineering solutions, thus bolstering the demand for specialized piston pins. Lastly, the rise of aftermarket services and the increasing trend of vehicle customization provide an additional avenue for market growth as consumers seek high-performance components.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Projected market growth at a CAGR of approximately 4.5% from 2025 to 2035.
• Increasing demand for lightweight and high-performance materials in piston pin manufacturing.
• Expanding automotive production in emerging markets driving demand.
• Growing significance of aftermarket services influencing market dynamics.
• Technological advancements enhancing the durability and efficiency of piston pins.

By Product Type

Steel Piston Pins:

Steel piston pins are widely recognized for their high strength and durability, making them an ideal choice for various automotive applications. These pins are capable of withstanding high temperatures and pressures, which is crucial in enhancing engine performance and longevity. Steel piston pins are predominantly used in high-performance engines, where the demands on components are significantly increased. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of steel compared to other materials contributes to its popularity, especially in mass-produced vehicles. The ability to undergo heat treatment further enhances the mechanical properties of steel piston pins, making them a preferred option for automotive manufacturers focused on performance and reliability.

Aluminum Piston Pins:

Aluminum piston pins are gaining traction due to their lightweight characteristics, which significantly contribute to overall vehicle weight reduction and improved fuel efficiency. The lower density of aluminum allows for reduced reciprocating mass, which enhances engine response and performance. Moreover, aluminum’s excellent thermal conductivity aids in better heat dissipation, reducing the risk of overheating during operation. These properties make aluminum piston pins particularly favorable in modern automotive applications, especially with the rising demand for fuel-efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles. However, manufacturers need to ensure that the aluminum alloys used are of high quality to maintain strength and durability over time.

Titanium Piston Pins:

Titanium piston pins are noted for their remarkable strength-to-weight ratio, making them a premium choice in high-performance automotive applications, such as racing vehicles. While titanium is more expensive than traditional materials, its advantages in terms of performance and durability often justify the investment. These pins exhibit great resistance to corrosion and wear, ensuring longevity even under extreme conditions. The lightweight nature of titanium allows for improved engine dynamics, contributing to enhanced power and efficiency. However, the cost and complexity of manufacturing titanium piston pins can be a limiting factor for widespread adoption among mainstream vehicle manufacturers.

Iron Piston Pins:

Iron piston pins are traditionally used in various applications due to their excellent wear resistance and durability. Cast iron, specifically, offers superior strength and is often employed in heavier vehicles where durability is key. The inherent properties of iron allow it to withstand high operational stresses, making it suitable for heavy-duty engines found in commercial vehicles. However, the growing trend towards weight reduction and fuel efficiency is gradually decreasing the demand for iron piston pins in favor of lighter materials. Manufacturers of heavy-duty vehicles continue to rely on iron piston pins, maintaining a niche segment within the broader automotive market.

Other Materials:

The category of other materials encompasses various specialty piston pins made from advanced composites and alloys designed for specific applications. These materials may include magnesium alloys, which offer exceptional weight savings, or advanced polymer composites that provide unique performance characteristics. While these specialty piston pins may not dominate the market, they are gaining attention in niche applications where performance demands exceed the capabilities of traditional materials. Innovations in material science are expected to drive growth in this segment as manufacturers explore new options to enhance engine performance and efficiency.

By Application

Passenger Vehicles:

The passenger vehicle segment represents a significant portion of the automotive piston pin market, driven by the rising consumer demand for personal mobility solutions. With the increasing production of sedans, SUVs, and hatchbacks, the need for high-performance engine components, including piston pins, is paramount. Manufacturers are focused on creating efficient engines that offer better fuel economy and reduced emissions. Hence, there is a growing trend towards using lightweight materials and innovative designs to optimize engine performance in passenger vehicles, thereby boosting the demand for advanced piston pins.

Commercial Vehicles:

Commercial vehicles, including trucks, buses, and vans, are a pivotal application segment for piston pins, as they are designed for heavy-duty performance and durability. The demand for commercial vehicles has been bolstered by the growth of e-commerce and logistics sectors, which require efficient transportation solutions. Piston pins used in these vehicles must be robust enough to handle high-stress and heavy loads while providing reliability over long distances. Consequently, there is a continuous need for advancements in piston pin technology to cater to the rigorous demands of commercial applications.

Racing Vehicles:

The racing vehicle segment is a niche yet influential market for piston pins, characterized by a demand for cutting-edge performance components. Manufacturers of racing engines prioritize lightweight, high-strength materials to optimize speed and agility. Piston pins in this segment must endure extreme conditions, including high RPM and temperature fluctuations, necessitating the use of advanced materials such as titanium and aluminum alloys. As motorsport continues to evolve, the emphasis on performance enhancements will drive innovation and specialization in piston pin designs tailored for racing applications.

Recreational Vehicles:

Recreational vehicles (RVs), such as motorhomes and off-road vehicles, represent a growing segment for the piston pin market, driven by increasing consumer interest in outdoor activities. The engines used in RVs require reliable and durable components due to their unique operating conditions and varied terrains. Piston pins designed for recreational vehicles must balance lightweight designs with strength to ensure dependable performance during extended usage. As the popularity of RVs rises, particularly post-pandemic, the demand for high-quality engine components, including piston pins, is expected to follow suit.

Others:

This category includes various applications not covered under the primary segments, such as industrial engines and specialty vehicles. The demand for piston pins in these niches can vary significantly, often influenced by specific requirements and operational conditions. For example, industrial engines may prioritize durability and reliability over lightweight designs, leading to different material choices. As industries evolve and technology advances, the opportunities for piston pins in these less traditional applications may expand, offering manufacturers new avenues for growth.

By Distribution Channel

OEMs:

The Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) distribution channel is critical in the automotive piston pin market, accounting for a significant share of overall sales. OEMs are responsible for producing vehicles that require high-quality components, including piston pins, which must comply with rigorous industry standards. As automotive manufacturing becomes increasingly competitive, OEMs are investing in advanced manufacturing techniques and materials to differentiate their products. Collaborations between OEMs and specialized suppliers to develop custom piston pin solutions further enhance their offerings, meeting the exact needs of diverse vehicle models.

Aftermarket:

The aftermarket segment for piston pins is witnessing growth as vehicle owners seek replacement parts to maintain or enhance their vehicles' performance. As automobiles age, the demand for high-quality parts increases, prompting consumers to seek reliable aftermarket suppliers. Aftermarket piston pins are often marketed with performance improvements and durability enhancements, appealing to those looking to upgrade their engine components. Additionally, the rise of online sales channels is providing customers with greater access to aftermarket products, further fueling this segment’s growth.

Online Retailers:

Online retailers are increasingly becoming a vital distribution channel for automotive piston pins, driven by the growing trend of e-commerce. The convenience of online shopping allows consumers to easily compare products, read reviews, and purchase piston pins from the comfort of their homes. Many online retailers offer a wide variety of products, catering to both OEM and aftermarket needs, thereby attracting a diverse customer base. The ability to provide detailed product specifications and competitive pricing enhances online retailers' appeal, further solidifying their role in the automotive piston pin market.

Wholesalers/Distributors:

Wholesalers and distributors serve as essential intermediaries in the automotive piston pin market, facilitating the flow of products between manufacturers and retailers. These intermediaries can provide valuable market insights and trends, helping manufacturers adjust their offerings to meet demand effectively. Wholesalers/distributors often play a vital role in managing inventory and logistics, ensuring that retailers have access to the necessary components without overstocking. As the automotive industry continues to evolve, the role of wholesalers and distributors will be paramount in adapting to market changes and ensuring product availability.

Others:

This segment includes various distribution methods not classified within the primary channels, such as direct sales from manufacturers to consumers. While this distribution method is less common, it can offer benefits such as lower prices and personalized service. The growth of niche markets and specialty producers may lead to more direct sales opportunities, as consumers seek unique or performance-enhancing piston pins. These alternative distribution channels may not account for a significant market share but can provide valuable options for certain customer segments.

By Material Type

Carbon Steel:

Carbon steel is a commonly used material in the manufacturing of automotive piston pins due to its excellent mechanical properties and cost-effectiveness. The durability and strength of carbon steel ensure that these pins can withstand the demanding conditions of engine operation, including high temperatures and pressures. Additionally, carbon steel piston pins can be treated to enhance their performance characteristics, making them suitable for a wide range of automotive applications. As manufacturers strive to balance performance and affordability, carbon steel remains a popular choice in the automotive piston pin market.

Stainless Steel:

Stainless steel is increasingly favored in the production of automotive piston pins due to its remarkable resistance to corrosion and wear. The durability of stainless steel makes it an excellent choice for applications where longevity is crucial, such as in commercial and heavy-duty vehicles. Additionally, stainless steel's ability to maintain its mechanical properties at elevated temperatures enhances its performance in engine applications. As more manufacturers prioritize quality and reliability, the demand for stainless steel piston pins is expected to grow, particularly in environments where exposure to harsh conditions is prevalent.

Cast Iron:

Cast iron is a traditional material used in manufacturing piston pins, renowned for its excellent wear resistance and strength. The properties of cast iron make it suitable for heavy-duty applications where durability is paramount. While the trend toward lightweight materials poses a challenge for cast iron in passenger vehicles, its continued use in commercial and industrial engines ensures its relevance in the market. Innovations in casting technologies and alloy formulations are enabling manufacturers to enhance the performance of cast iron piston pins, ensuring they remain competitive in a changing landscape.

Aluminum Alloy:

Aluminum alloys are increasingly being utilized in the production of piston pins due to their lightweight characteristics and favorable strength-to-weight ratio. These properties are particularly advantageous in the automotive sector, where reducing vehicle weight is a priority for enhancing fuel efficiency. Aluminum alloy piston pins can provide improved performance through reduced reciprocating mass, leading to better engine dynamics. As the automotive industry continues to push for sustainability and efficiency, the demand for aluminum alloy piston pins is expected to rise, driven by their ability to contribute to overall vehicle performance.

Others:

This segment includes specialty materials and advanced composites that are emerging in the automotive piston pin market. These materials may offer unique properties such as enhanced thermal stability, weight reduction, or improved mechanical characteristics tailored for specific applications. As manufacturers seek innovative solutions to meet the evolving demands of the automotive industry, the exploration of novel materials is likely to gain traction. Although still a small portion of the market, the growth potential of this segment is significant as technology advances and the need for specialized components increases.

By Region

The North American automotive piston pin market is projected to maintain a significant share due to the presence of numerous automotive manufacturers and a strong demand for high-performance vehicles. The region is characterized by a mature automotive industry, with a focus on technological advancements and innovations in engine design. As the market continues to evolve, the demand for lightweight materials and advanced piston pin designs is expected to grow, driven by consumer preferences for fuel efficiency and performance. Additionally, the North American market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of approximately 4% during the forecast period, supported by ongoing investments in the automotive sector and the rise of electric vehicle production.

In Europe, the automotive piston pin market is also poised for growth, driven by the increasing emphasis on environmental sustainability and stringent regulations governing emissions. European manufacturers are actively adopting lightweight materials and advanced technologies to enhance engine performance while reducing environmental impact. The growing popularity of hybrid and electric vehicles is further contributing to the demand for innovative piston pin designs, as these vehicles often require specific engineering solutions. The European market is expected to witness a steady growth rate, aligning with the broader trends of the automotive industry towards sustainability and efficiency.

Opportunities

One of the most significant opportunities in the automotive piston pin market lies in the ongoing transition towards electric and hybrid vehicles. As the automotive industry shifts its focus towards sustainability and reducing carbon emissions, the demand for innovative piston pin designs tailored for electric and hybrid engines is on the rise. Manufacturers that can adapt their product offerings to meet the unique requirements of these emerging vehicle types will find substantial growth potential. Additionally, the development of advanced materials, such as composites and lightweight alloys specifically designed for higher efficiency, can further enhance market opportunities as automakers prioritize performance and sustainability.

Another area of opportunity is the expansion of the aftermarket segment, particularly as automotive ownership rates increase globally. As vehicles age, the demand for replacement parts, including piston pins, will rise. This trend presents a lucrative market for aftermarket suppliers who can provide high-quality, performance-enhancing components. Furthermore, the rise of online sales channels offers a convenient platform for consumers to access a wide range of aftermarket products. Companies that leverage digital marketing and e-commerce strategies to capture this growing segment will likely see significant benefits, positioning themselves for long-term success in the automotive piston pin market.

Threats

Despite the promising growth prospects, the automotive piston pin market faces several threats that could impede progress. One of the most pressing concerns is the increasing competition from alternative materials and technologies. As manufacturers explore innovative solutions to enhance vehicle performance, traditional materials may be challenged by new composites and high-tech alloys that offer superior performance characteristics. This shift could lead to a decline in demand for conventional piston pins, particularly in applications where weight reduction and efficiency are critical. Additionally, geopolitical factors, such as trade disputes and tariffs, may disrupt supply chains and impact the availability of raw materials, leading to potential price volatility and production delays.

Furthermore, the ongoing global push for electrification in the automotive sector poses a risk to the traditional piston pin market. With the rise of electric vehicles, which rely on entirely different propulsion systems, the demand for conventional piston pins may decline significantly. The need for manufacturers to pivot their production strategies and adapt to changing consumer preferences can present challenges, particularly for companies heavily invested in traditional combustion engine technologies. This transition may necessitate costly investments in research and development, as well as potential restructuring efforts to align with the future of the automotive industry.

Competitor Outlook

• Mahle GmbH
• Federal-Mogul Corporation
• TRW Automotive Holdings Corp.
• Piston Pin Solutions
• GKN plc
• Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG
• Hitachi Automotive Systems
• Enginetech, Inc.
• Hengst SE
• Toyota Industries Corporation
• SKF Group
• Fuchs Petrolub SE
• ElringKlinger AG
• Jiangsu Kintor Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
• Modine Manufacturing Company
• Advanced Piston Services, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the automotive piston pin market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies, all vying for market share in this growing industry. Key companies are actively engaged in enhancing their product offerings by investing in research and development, with a focus on creating high-performance piston pins that meet evolving automotive standards. Manufacturers are also forming strategic partnerships and collaborations with automotive manufacturers to develop customized solutions that cater to specific requirements, ensuring they remain competitive in a rapidly changing market environment. The emphasis on innovation, quality, and performance will be essential for companies looking to establish a strong foothold in the automotive piston pin market.

Among the prominent players, Mahle GmbH stands out as a major competitor, recognized for its extensive range of piston pins and commitment to technological advancement. The company focuses on providing innovative solutions that enhance engine performance while adhering to environmental regulations. Similarly, Federal-Mogul Corporation is a key player known for its strategic initiatives aimed at optimizing manufacturing processes and product durability. By investing in advanced materials and production techniques, these companies can address the growing demand for lightweight and high-performance piston pins in various vehicle applications.

Additionally, companies like GKN plc and TRW Automotive Holdings Corp. are making strides in the development of piston pins to support the evolving needs of the automotive industry. GKN, with its expertise in driveline and chassis components, is leveraging its knowledge to create piston pins that enhance vehicle dynamics. Meanwhile, TRW is focused on delivering high-quality components that meet the stringent requirements of modern engines. The competitive environment is expected to intensify as these players continue to innovate and adapt to the changing landscape of the automotive sector.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 GKN plc
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Hengst SE
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 SKF Group
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Mahle GmbH
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 ElringKlinger AG
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Enginetech, Inc.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Fuchs Petrolub SE
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Piston Pin Solutions
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Federal-Mogul Corporation
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Hitachi Automotive Systems
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Modine Manufacturing Company
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 TRW Automotive Holdings Corp.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Toyota Industries Corporation
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Advanced Piston Services, Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.16 Jiangsu Kintor Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
    • 5.16.1 Business Overview
    • 5.16.2 Products & Services
    • 5.16.3 Financials
    • 5.16.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.16.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Automotive Piston Pin Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Passenger Vehicles
    • 6.1.2 Commercial Vehicles
    • 6.1.3 Racing Vehicles
    • 6.1.4 Recreational Vehicles
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Automotive Piston Pin Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Steel Piston Pins
    • 6.2.2 Aluminum Piston Pins
    • 6.2.3 Titanium Piston Pins
    • 6.2.4 Iron Piston Pins
    • 6.2.5 Other Materials
  • 6.3 Automotive Piston Pin Market, By Material Type
    • 6.3.1 Carbon Steel
    • 6.3.2 Stainless Steel
    • 6.3.3 Cast Iron
    • 6.3.4 Aluminum Alloy
    • 6.3.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Automotive Piston Pin Market by Region
  • 10.6 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.6.1 By Country
      • 10.6.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.6.1.2 Africa

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Automotive Piston Pin market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Steel Piston Pins
• Aluminum Piston Pins
• Titanium Piston Pins
• Iron Piston Pins
• Other Materials

By Application

• Passenger Vehicles
• Commercial Vehicles
• Racing Vehicles
• Recreational Vehicles
• Others

By Material Type

• Carbon Steel
• Stainless Steel
• Cast Iron
• Aluminum Alloy
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Mahle GmbH
• Federal-Mogul Corporation
• TRW Automotive Holdings Corp.
• Piston Pin Solutions
• GKN plc
• Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik GmbH & Co. KG
• Hitachi Automotive Systems
• Enginetech, Inc.
• Hengst SE
• Toyota Industries Corporation
• SKF Group
• Fuchs Petrolub SE
• ElringKlinger AG
• Jiangsu Kintor Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
• Modine Manufacturing Company
• Advanced Piston Services, Inc.