Antimicrobial Peptides

Antimicrobial Peptides Market Outlook

The global antimicrobial peptides market is projected to reach USD 8.5 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of 11.5% from 2025 to 2035. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the rising incidences of hospital-acquired infections are key factors driving the market growth. In addition, the expanding application of antimicrobial peptides across various sectors such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food preservation is further propelling market demand. The growing awareness regarding the benefits of natural antimicrobial agents over synthetic alternatives is also contributing to the rapid expansion of this market segment. Moreover, extensive research and development activities aimed at discovering novel antimicrobial peptides are expected to create lucrative growth opportunities in the coming years.

Growth Factor of the Market

The antimicrobial peptides market is witnessing significant growth due to several interlinked factors. One of the primary contributors to this growth is the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance, which has prompted researchers and healthcare professionals to seek alternative solutions like antimicrobial peptides. These peptides exhibit a unique mode of action that helps in combating resistant strains of bacteria, making them an attractive choice in clinical applications. Additionally, the rising demand for organic and natural ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products has led to increased research on the incorporation of antimicrobial peptides in formulations, thereby driving market growth. Furthermore, the food preservation industry is also leaning towards the use of antimicrobial peptides as a means to enhance food safety and extend shelf life, which is expected to significantly augment market revenue. Overall, the multifaceted applicability of antimicrobial peptides across diverse sectors is a key growth factor shaping the market's trajectory.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Growing incidence of antibiotic resistance is driving demand for alternative solutions.
• Increasing application of antimicrobial peptides in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
• Rising awareness among consumers regarding the benefits of natural ingredients.
• Extensive R&D activities contributing to the discovery of novel antimicrobial peptides.
• Emerging markets are witnessing significant growth opportunities.

By Product Type

Antibacterial Peptides:

Antibacterial peptides represent a major segment within the antimicrobial peptides market, primarily due to their effectiveness against various bacterial strains. These peptides are known for their ability to disrupt bacterial cell membranes, leading to cell lysis and death. As antibiotic resistance becomes an increasing threat globally, the focus is shifting towards these natural agents as potential therapeutic alternatives. They are extensively researched for applications in both human health and veterinary medicine, where the need for effective antibacterial agents is paramount. The growing incidence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria is fostering innovation and investment in this sector, further solidifying its market dominance.

Antifungal Peptides:

Antifungal peptides play a critical role in the fight against fungal infections, which can be particularly severe in immunocompromised individuals. The demand for antifungal peptides is increasing due to their specificity and low toxicity compared to traditional antifungal drugs. These peptides work by binding to fungal cell membranes and disrupting their integrity, leading to cell death. The rise in opportunistic fungal infections, particularly in hospital settings, is likely to drive growth in this sub-segment. Researchers are actively exploring various sources of antifungal peptides, including plants and amphibians, resulting in a rich pipeline of potential products that addresses the growing need for effective antifungal treatments.

Antiviral Peptides:

Antiviral peptides are crucial in the ongoing fight against viral infections, with significant relevance in the context of emerging viral threats. These peptides often function by inhibiting viral entry into host cells or interfering with viral replication processes. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened awareness regarding the importance of antiviral strategies, thereby accelerating research in this area. The development of broad-spectrum antiviral peptides presents an exciting avenue for future research and commercial application. As governments and healthcare organizations prioritize pandemic preparedness, the antiviral peptide market is expected to experience robust growth driven by innovation and increased funding.

Antiparasitic Peptides:

Antiparasitic peptides are gaining traction as an effective treatment against various parasitic infections, including those caused by protozoa and helminths. The increasing prevalence of parasitic diseases in tropical and subtropical regions has created a pressing need for new therapeutic options. Antiparasitic peptides are being studied for their potential in targeting specific life stages of parasites, thus disrupting their lifecycle and reducing infection rates. With a shift towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions in medicine, the exploration of natural antiparasitic peptides offers a promising alternative to synthetic agents, thereby driving growth in this segment of the market.

Others:

The 'Others' segment within the product type category encompasses various specialized antimicrobial peptides that do not fall neatly into the primary classifications. This includes peptides used for niche applications and those that are still under research. These peptides may possess unique properties that differentiate them from conventional antimicrobial agents, making them useful in specific therapeutic or industrial applications. The innovative nature of this segment reflects the ongoing scientific exploration in the field of antimicrobial peptides, with research continuously unearthing new compounds with potential market applications.

By Application

Pharmaceuticals:

The pharmaceutical application of antimicrobial peptides is a significant driver of market growth. As the healthcare industry looks for effective solutions to combat antibiotic-resistant infections, antimicrobial peptides are increasingly being integrated into the pharmaceutical development pipeline. These peptides are not only being researched for their standalone therapeutic effects but are also being explored as adjunct therapies that can enhance the efficacy of existing antibiotics. The potential for these peptides to be used across various therapeutic categories, including wound healing, infectious diseases, and even cancer treatment, underscores their versatility and importance in modern medicine.

Cosmetics:

In the cosmetics industry, the incorporation of antimicrobial peptides is rapidly gaining popularity due to the rising consumer demand for effective and safe skincare products. With increasing awareness surrounding the benefits of natural ingredients, many cosmetic brands are opting to formulate products with antimicrobial peptides to enhance skin health and address issues such as acne and skin infections. The ability of these peptides to act as preservatives also contributes to their application in cosmetics, offering a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives. As the clean beauty movement continues to expand, the cosmetics segment of the antimicrobial peptides market is expected to grow significantly.

Food Preservation:

The use of antimicrobial peptides in food preservation is an emerging trend that addresses consumer concerns about food safety and spoilage. These peptides can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby extending the shelf life of various food products. The food industry is increasingly adopting these natural preservatives as an alternative to synthetic additives, aligning with the growing consumer preference for clean label products. With stringent regulations surrounding food safety and an emphasis on health-conscious eating, the food preservation segment of the antimicrobial peptides market is likely to experience substantial growth in the coming years.

Veterinary Medicine:

In veterinary medicine, antimicrobial peptides are being recognized for their potential to treat infections in animals, particularly in livestock and companion animals. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance among veterinary pathogens calls for alternative treatment options that are effective and safe. Antimicrobial peptides can provide a solution, as they are less likely to contribute to resistance development and can be used in a variety of applications, including wound care and infection control. The growing focus on animal health and welfare, coupled with the need for sustainable veterinary practices, is anticipated to drive the growth of this segment.

Others:

The 'Others' category within applications includes niche markets where antimicrobial peptides are being explored for innovative uses. For example, their application in agricultural practices for plant protection against microbial pathogens is gaining traction. Moreover, research into the use of antimicrobial peptides in textiles to provide antimicrobial properties is also emerging. This segment reflects the versatility and adaptability of antimicrobial peptides across various industries, highlighting their potential as a multifaceted solution to combat microbial threats.

By Distribution Channel

Online Stores:

The online distribution channel for antimicrobial peptides is expanding rapidly, driven by the growing trend of e-commerce and digital shopping preferences. Consumers are increasingly turning to online platforms to purchase health and wellness products, including those containing antimicrobial peptides. This channel offers convenience, a wider variety of products, and often more competitive pricing than traditional retail outlets. Additionally, the ability to access detailed product information and customer reviews online further influences purchasing decisions, leading to increased sales through this channel.

Drug Stores:

Drug stores are a critical distribution channel for antimicrobial peptides, particularly those formulated as pharmaceuticals or over-the-counter products. These stores provide consumers with accessible options for purchasing antimicrobial treatments, including those targeting skin infections or minor wounds. The presence of pharmacists in drug stores further enhances the consumer experience, as they can provide valuable advice and recommendations regarding the use of antimicrobial products. As the demand for effective antimicrobial solutions continues to rise, drug stores will likely remain a vital source for consumers seeking these products.

Specialty Stores:

Specialty stores, particularly those focusing on health and wellness products, are an important distribution channel for antimicrobial peptides. These stores often curate a selection of high-quality products, appealing to consumers looking for natural and effective solutions. The knowledgeable staff in specialty stores can provide valuable insights into the benefits of antimicrobial peptides, facilitating informed purchasing decisions. As more consumers seek alternatives to conventional products and prioritize health-conscious choices, specialty stores are expected to see increased foot traffic and sales in this segment.

Hospitals & Clinics:

Hospitals and clinics represent a vital distribution channel for antimicrobial peptides, particularly in the context of therapeutic applications. Healthcare providers are increasingly recognizing the potential of these peptides to treat infections and promote healing in clinical settings. The integration of antimicrobial peptides into treatment protocols can enhance patient outcomes, making them an attractive option for healthcare facilities. As the focus on infection control and prevention intensifies, the demand for antimicrobial peptides in hospitals and clinics is expected to rise significantly, reinforcing their role in modern medical practice.

Others:

The 'Others' category in the distribution channel segment encompasses various alternative channels through which antimicrobial peptides may be available. This includes specialty health food stores, direct sales from manufacturers, and even international distribution networks. All of these channels contribute to the overall accessibility of antimicrobial peptides for consumers and healthcare professionals alike. As awareness of the benefits of these peptides grows, the diversity of distribution channels will likely expand further, providing more opportunities for consumers to access these valuable products.

By Ingredient Type

Defensins:

Defensins are a class of antimicrobial peptides that play an essential role in the innate immune response. These peptides exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, making them a focal point in antimicrobial research. Their unique ability to form pores in microbial membranes contributes to their effectiveness as natural antibiotics. As the demand for alternatives to conventional antibiotics increases, defensins are being explored for their therapeutic potential in various applications, including pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The growing body of research around defensins is expected to drive their adoption in the market significantly.

Cathelicidins:

Cathelicidins are another vital class of antimicrobial peptides that are gaining traction in the market. They are characterized by their ability to modulate immune responses in addition to their antimicrobial properties. Cathelicidins are known for their role in wound healing and skin protection, making them particularly valuable in both pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. The versatility of cathelicidins, coupled with ongoing research that uncovers their potential uses in treating a variety of infections, underscores their importance in the antimicrobial peptides market. As the healthcare industry seeks effective solutions to combat infections, cathelicidins will continue to be a focal point of innovation.

Dermcidins:

Dermcidins represent a class of antimicrobial peptides primarily expressed in the skin and are known for their potent antimicrobial activity against a range of pathogens. Their natural presence in human skin highlights their role in innate immunity and skin health. Dermcidins are increasingly being incorporated into cosmetic formulations aimed at enhancing skin protection and promoting overall skin health. Furthermore, as research explores their therapeutic potential in treating skin conditions and infections, the market for dermcidins is expected to grow as consumers seek effective natural solutions for their skincare needs.

Histatins:

Histatins are a unique class of antimicrobial peptides derived from saliva, recognized for their antifungal properties, particularly against Candida species. The potential application of histatins in oral healthcare products, such as mouthwashes and toothpaste, is significant, given their ability to inhibit fungal growth in oral cavities. As consumer awareness around oral hygiene continues to rise, the demand for products containing histatins is likely to increase. Moreover, ongoing research may unlock additional applications for histatins in other therapeutic areas, contributing to their market growth.

Others:

The 'Others' category within ingredient types encompasses various lesser-known antimicrobial peptides that are being investigated for their unique properties. These peptides may come from diverse sources, including plants, amphibians, and other organisms. Research into these peptides is ongoing, with scientists looking to uncover new antimicrobial properties and potential applications. The exploration of alternative sources for antimicrobial peptides enhances the breadth of options available to consumers and producers, thereby diversifying the market landscape and stimulating growth in this segment.

By Region

The antimicrobial peptides market is witnessing substantial growth across various regions, driven by the increasing awareness of the need for effective antimicrobial solutions. North America is anticipated to hold the largest market share during the forecast period, accounting for approximately 40% of the global market. This dominance can be attributed to the high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections and the presence of advanced healthcare infrastructure. Furthermore, increased investment in research and development activities within the region is paving the way for innovative antimicrobial peptide applications, making it a focal point for market expansion. The North American region is expected to grow at a CAGR of 12% over the forecast period, reflecting its critical role in the global market landscape.

Europe is also emerging as a significant player in the antimicrobial peptides market, with an estimated share of around 30%. The region's stringent regulatory framework surrounding healthcare products and increasing initiatives to combat antimicrobial resistance contribute to its growth. Countries such as Germany, the UK, and France are leading the charge in adopting antimicrobial peptides for various applications, particularly in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The Asia Pacific region is expected to show promising growth, driven by rising healthcare expenditures, growing populations, and increasing demand for innovative healthcare solutions. This region is projected to grow at the highest CAGR of 13% during the forecast period, reflecting its potential for market expansion. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also anticipated to witness gradual growth as awareness around the benefits of antimicrobial peptides increases.

Opportunities

With the antimicrobial peptides market poised for growth, numerous opportunities are emerging for stakeholders within this space. One of the most significant opportunities lies in the rising demand for natural and organic products. As consumers become increasingly health-conscious and prefer products free from synthetic additives, the adoption of antimicrobial peptides in various sectors such as cosmetics and food preservation is likely to surge. Companies that invest in the research and development of innovative formulations incorporating antimicrobial peptides stand to gain a competitive edge. Furthermore, collaboration between academia and industry is expected to foster the development of new antimicrobial peptide products, facilitating market entry and expansion. As more consumers seek out effective solutions against infections, the prospects for antimicrobial peptides spanning various applications are bright.

Another significant opportunity exists in the agricultural sector, where antimicrobial peptides can potentially revolutionize pest and disease management. The growing trend towards sustainable agricultural practices and the need for environmentally friendly methods of crop protection are driving research into the use of antimicrobial peptides as biopesticides. This could lead to increased adoption of these natural agents in agricultural systems, showcasing their versatility beyond healthcare applications. Additionally, the focus on preventing foodborne illnesses is likely to encourage the use of antimicrobial peptides in food preservation. Companies that can effectively position their products to meet these emerging demands will be well-positioned to capitalize on the growth potential in this expanding market.

Threats

Despite the promising prospects for the antimicrobial peptides market, several threats could hinder its growth. One major concern is the potential for regulatory challenges, as the approval processes for new antimicrobial products can be lengthy and complex. Regulatory bodies may impose strict guidelines and requirements for the use of antimicrobial peptides, affecting the speed at which products can reach the market. Additionally, issues related to the standardization and consistency of peptide production can also pose challenges for manufacturers, as variations in peptide quality may impact efficacy and safety. Furthermore, the potential for market saturation as more players enter the space could lead to increased competition and pricing pressures. Companies must navigate these challenges effectively to ensure sustainable growth in this dynamic market landscape.

Another potential restraining factor is the limited awareness among consumers and healthcare professionals regarding the benefits and applications of antimicrobial peptides. While there is a growing interest in these compounds, the lack of widespread understanding can hinder market penetration and adoption. Efforts to educate healthcare providers and consumers about the advantages of antimicrobial peptides over traditional synthetic alternatives are crucial. Additionally, the market may face competition from established antimicrobial agents, which may be preferred due to familiarity and historical usage. To overcome these hurdles, stakeholders in the antimicrobial peptides market must prioritize education and marketing strategies to build awareness and trust among potential users.

Competitor Outlook

• AstraZeneca PLC
• Merck & Co., Inc.
• Allergan PLC
• Novartis AG
• GlaxoSmithKline PLC
• Pept Innovate
• BioCare Copenhagen
• AM-Pharma B.V.
• Polymun Scientific
• Evolva Holding SA
• Invenra, Inc.
• Peptide Therapeutics Ltd
• Hyaluronic Acid Corp
• Celgene Corporation
• The Antimicrobial Peptide Database

The competitive landscape of the antimicrobial peptides market is characterized by a mix of established pharmaceutical companies and innovative biotech firms. Major players are investing heavily in research and development to discover novel peptides with enhanced efficacy against a broad range of pathogens. The focus on collaborations and partnerships is also evident, as companies seek to leverage each other's strengths and expedite the product development process. As the market evolves, the competition is expected to intensify, necessitating a strategic approach to product differentiation and market positioning for companies operating in this space.

Among the leading companies, AstraZeneca PLC has made significant strides in integrating antimicrobial peptides into their pharmaceutical offerings. Their commitment to tackling antibiotic resistance through innovative solutions has positioned them as a frontrunner in the market. Similarly, Merck & Co., Inc. is actively pursuing research initiatives focused on antimicrobial peptides, aiming to broaden their product pipeline and address unmet medical needs. Additionally, Allergan PLC is exploring the use of antimicrobial peptides in their dermatological products, tapping into the rising demand for effective skincare solutions.

Emerging players like Pept Innovate and BioCare Copenhagen are gaining attention for their unique approaches to antimicrobial peptide development. These companies focus on leveraging state-of-the-art techniques for peptide synthesis and characterization, enabling them to offer innovative products that cater to specific market needs. As the landscape evolves, these companies are well-positioned to capitalize on the growing awareness and demand for antimicrobial peptides, contributing to the overall growth of the market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Novartis AG
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Allergan PLC
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Invenra, Inc.
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Pept Innovate
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 AM-Pharma B.V.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 AstraZeneca PLC
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Evolva Holding SA
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Merck & Co., Inc.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 BioCare Copenhagen
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Polymun Scientific
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Celgene Corporation
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 GlaxoSmithKline PLC
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Hyaluronic Acid Corp
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Peptide Therapeutics Ltd
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 The Antimicrobial Peptide Database
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Antimicrobial Peptides Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Pharmaceuticals
    • 6.1.2 Cosmetics
    • 6.1.3 Food Preservation
    • 6.1.4 Veterinary Medicine
    • 6.1.5 Others
  • 6.2 Antimicrobial Peptides Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Antibacterial Peptides
    • 6.2.2 Antifungal Peptides
    • 6.2.3 Antiviral Peptides
    • 6.2.4 Antiparasitic Peptides
    • 6.2.5 Others
  • 6.3 Antimicrobial Peptides Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Defensins
    • 6.3.2 Cathelicidins
    • 6.3.3 Dermcidins
    • 6.3.4 Histatins
    • 6.3.5 Others
  • 6.4 Antimicrobial Peptides Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Online Stores
    • 6.4.2 Drug Stores
    • 6.4.3 Specialty Stores
    • 6.4.4 Hospitals & Clinics
    • 6.4.5 Others

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Antimicrobial Peptides Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Antimicrobial Peptides market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Antibacterial Peptides
• Antifungal Peptides
• Antiviral Peptides
• Antiparasitic Peptides
• Others

By Application

• Pharmaceuticals
• Cosmetics
• Food Preservation
• Veterinary Medicine
• Others

By Distribution Channel

• Online Stores
• Drug Stores
• Specialty Stores
• Hospitals & Clinics
• Others

By Ingredient Type

• Defensins
• Cathelicidins
• Dermcidins
• Histatins
• Others

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• AstraZeneca PLC
• Merck & Co., Inc.
• Allergan PLC
• Novartis AG
• GlaxoSmithKline PLC
• Pept Innovate
• BioCare Copenhagen
• AM-Pharma B.V.
• Polymun Scientific
• Evolva Holding SA
• Invenra, Inc.
• Peptide Therapeutics Ltd
• Hyaluronic Acid Corp
• Celgene Corporation
• The Antimicrobial Peptide Database