3D Bio Printers in Medical

3D Bio Printers in Medical Market Outlook

The global 3D bio printers market is projected to reach approximately USD 3.4 billion by 2035, growing at a robust CAGR of around 19.6% from 2025 to 2035. This substantial growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for customized healthcare solutions coupled with advancements in bioprinting technologies. The rising prevalence of chronic diseases and the need for organ transplants have further fueled the market, highlighting the potential for 3D bioprinting in developing synthetic organ models. Additionally, the growing investment in research and development by both public and private sectors is expected to drive innovation in bioprinting technology and applications. The rising awareness about tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is likely to enhance market opportunities, paving the way for the expansion of 3D bio printers in the medical field.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the primary growth factors for the 3D bio printers market lies in the technological advancements that have significantly improved the printing processes, allowing for higher precision and the ability to print complex biological structures. The increasing investment from biotechnology firms and research institutions in developing more sophisticated bioprinting technologies is also propelling market growth. Furthermore, the rising incidence of chronic diseases requiring intricate surgical procedures has necessitated the demand for customized implants and organ models, which 3D bio printing can effectively deliver. The collaboration between healthcare providers and bioprinting firms has led to remarkable innovations and expanded applications in tissue engineering and drug development. Lastly, the growing trend towards personalized medicine is driving the exploration of 3D bio printing to create patient-specific solutions, which is expected to revolutionize the healthcare sector.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The global 3D bio printers market is expected to witness significant growth, reaching USD 3.4 billion by 2035.
• Technological advancements in printing methods are enhancing precision and capabilities.
• There is a rising demand for customized implants and drug testing models.
• Increasing collaborations between healthcare institutions and biotech firms are fostering innovation.
• The trend towards personalized medicine is driving the adoption of 3D bio printing technologies.

By Product Type

Magnetic 3D Bio Printers:

Magnetic 3D bio printers utilize magnetic forces to manipulate and position cells and biomaterials, enabling precise control over the printing process. This technology is particularly beneficial for creating complex tissue structures that mimic the natural environment of human tissues. The magnetic force allows for the incorporation of multiple cell types in a single construct, enhancing the functionality of the printed tissues. The growing research into organ printing and tissue engineering is expected to propel the demand for magnetic 3D bio printers, as they provide an innovative approach to developing functional tissue and organ replacements.

Syringe-based 3D Bio Printers:

Syringe-based 3D bio printers are among the most commonly used technologies in bioprinting due to their versatility and ease of use. They employ a syringe system to extrude bioinks, which are typically loaded with living cells, allowing for the layer-by-layer deposition of materials. This method is widely employed in applications such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to its ability to create heterogeneous tissue structures. The syringe-based approach is particularly advantageous for producing scalable structures, which is a key requirement in the development of skin grafts and other medical implants.

Laser-assisted 3D Bio Printers:

Laser-assisted 3D bio printers leverage laser technology to achieve precise tissue layering and rapid prototyping. This method provides high resolution and accuracy, making it suitable for applications that require detailed and complex geometries. By using laser energy to facilitate the curing or cross-linking of bioinks, this technology enables the creation of intricate tissue architectures. The demand for laser-assisted bio printers is anticipated to increase as researchers and healthcare providers seek to produce highly sophisticated tissue constructs that can be utilized in regenerative medicine and complex surgical procedures.

Inkjet 3D Bio Printers:

Inkjet 3D bio printers represent a significant segment of the market, utilizing the inkjet technology to deposit bioinks onto substrates. This method offers a high throughput and is capable of producing multi-material constructs, making it ideal for a wide array of applications including drug testing and tissue modeling. The inkjet printing technology is particularly advantageous for creating high-resolution structures and enables rapid prototyping, which is crucial in research and development settings. The easy adaptability of inkjet bio printers to various bioinks further enhances their appeal, driving their adoption across various research laboratories and biotechnology firms.

Extrusion-based 3D Bio Printers:

Extrusion-based 3D bio printers utilize a nozzle to extrude bioinks in a continuous stream, allowing for the formation of complex three-dimensional structures. This technology is widely recognized for its capability to produce large and robust tissue constructs, making it suitable for applications such as bone and cartilage regeneration. The extrusion-based method facilitates the combination of various cell types and biomaterials, thereby creating a conducive environment for tissue growth and integration within the human body. As the need for advanced regenerative medicine solutions continues to rise, the extrusion-based bio printers are expected to play a pivotal role in overcoming existing challenges in tissue engineering.

By Application

Tissue Engineering:

Tissue engineering represents one of the most promising applications of 3D bio printing technology, focusing on the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. The ability to create complex tissue structures that mimic the architecture of natural tissues allows for significant advancements in regenerative medicine. Researchers are leveraging 3D bio printers to produce skin, cartilage, and even organ-like structures, which can be used in preclinical studies or as implants. The growing need for organ transplants and the shortage of donor organs is expected to drive the research and development in tissue engineering, further expanding the market for 3D bio printers.

Drug Testing:

The application of 3D bio printing in drug testing is revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry by providing more accurate models for assessing drug efficacy and toxicity. Traditional drug testing methods often involve animal models, which do not always correlate with human responses. 3D bioprinted tissues can simulate human organ systems, allowing for better prediction of how drugs will interact in a human body. This innovative approach not only enhances the drug development process but also reduces the time and costs associated with bringing new drugs to market. Given the increasing pressure on the pharmaceutical industry to innovate, the demand for bioprinted tissues in drug testing is likely to rise significantly.

Regenerative Medicine:

Regenerative medicine aims to restore the function of damaged tissues and organs, and 3D bio printing plays a crucial role in this field by enabling the creation of personalized grafts tailored to individual patient needs. Bioprinting technologies facilitate the production of living cells and biomaterials that can be implanted into patients to promote healing and regeneration. The ability to print tissues on-demand for patients suffering from injuries or degenerative diseases presents a unique opportunity for healthcare providers to offer customized treatment solutions. As the field of regenerative medicine continues to evolve, the incorporation of bioprinting technologies is expected to enhance treatment outcomes significantly.

Medical Implants:

3D bio printing is becoming increasingly important in the development of medical implants that can be tailored to fit individual patient anatomies. The customization of implants not only improves the integration of the implant with the surrounding tissue but also enhances the overall success rates of surgical procedures. By leveraging 3D bio printing, surgeons can create implants that match the unique contours of a patient’s body, significantly reducing the risks associated with implant surgery. The ability to print materials with varying properties also allows for the development of implants that can promote tissue growth, further advancing the field of implantology.

Research and Development:

Research and development in the field of 3D bio printing are progressing rapidly as scientists explore new applications and refine existing technologies. Academic institutions and research laboratories are utilizing bioprinting to study cell behavior, tissue interactions, and disease modeling. The ability to produce custom 3D tissue constructs allows researchers to conduct experiments that were previously impossible with traditional methods. This innovation fosters a deeper understanding of biological processes and accelerates the development of new therapies. The continuous investment in research and advancements in bioprinting technologies are expected to sustain growth in this sector, further solidifying the importance of 3D bio printers in scientific inquiry.

By End User

Hospitals:

Hospitals are increasingly integrating 3D bio printers into their operations for various applications, including surgical planning and the creation of custom implants. The ability to produce patient-specific models that can be used for pre-surgical simulations enhances the precision and effectiveness of surgical procedures. Moreover, hospitals are using bioprinting technologies to create implants that integrate more effectively with the patient’s biology, leading to improved recovery outcomes. As the demand for personalized medicine grows, hospitals are expected to adopt 3D bio printing technologies more widely, ultimately enhancing patient care and treatment effectiveness.

Biotechnology Companies:

Biotechnology companies are at the forefront of utilizing 3D bio printing for developing innovative therapies and products. These organizations leverage bioprinting technologies to create models for drug testing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, capitalizing on the ability to produce complex biological structures. The collaboration between biotech firms and healthcare providers enhances the translation of bioprinted products into clinical applications, driving market growth. With an increasing focus on personalized therapeutic solutions, biotechnology companies are expected to invest heavily in 3D bio printing technologies to remain competitive in the evolving healthcare landscape.

Academic Institutes:

Academic institutes play a vital role in advancing 3D bio printing through research and innovation. These institutions conduct experiments to explore the applications of bioprinting in various fields, including drug discovery, regenerative medicine, and disease modeling. The collaboration between academia and industry fosters a knowledge exchange that accelerates technological advancements and the commercialization of bioprinted products. As educational institutions continue to explore the potential of bioprinting, they contribute significantly to the growth of a skilled workforce proficient in this cutting-edge technology.

Research Laboratories:

Research laboratories are essential in pushing the boundaries of 3D bio printing by conducting experiments and developing new applications for the technology. These facilities utilize bioprinting for experiments that require controlled environments and precise manipulation of biological materials. The ability to create customized tissue models allows researchers to investigate cell behavior, disease progression, and therapeutic interventions in ways that were previously unattainable. As research laboratories continue to explore the potential of 3D bio printing, they are expected to play a critical role in driving innovation and expanding the applications of this technology in the medical field.

Pharmaceutical Companies:

Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly recognizing the potential of 3D bio printing technologies for enhancing drug development processes. By utilizing bioprinted tissues for drug testing, these companies can improve the accuracy of their preclinical studies and reduce the reliance on animal models. The integration of 3D bio printing into drug discovery allows for better predictions of drug interactions and efficacy in human systems, ultimately leading to more successful clinical trials. As the pharmaceutical industry seeks to streamline their processes and accelerate the development of new therapies, the adoption of 3D bio printing is anticipated to rise significantly.

By Technology

Inkjet-based:

Inkjet-based 3D bio printers utilize a drop-on-demand technique to deposit bioinks, enabling the creation of high-resolution tissue constructs. This technology is widely recognized for its ability to produce intricate structures with precise control over the placement of living cells. The inkjet method is particularly beneficial for applications requiring the layering of different cell types and materials. As researchers explore the potential of this technology in drug testing and tissue engineering, inkjet-based bio printers are expected to gain prominence in the market, driven by the demand for high-throughput and efficient bioprinting solutions.

Extrusion-based:

Extrusion-based 3D bio printers are known for their versatility and ability to create larger tissue constructs. By employing a continuous flow of bioinks through a nozzle, this technology allows for the formation of complex shapes and structures. The extrusion-based method is especially advantageous in applications such as bone and cartilage regeneration, where robust and scalable constructs are required. The ongoing advancements in extrusion techniques are expected to enhance the capabilities and applications of this technology, as it continues to play a significant role in the growth of the 3D bio printing market.

Laser-assisted:

Laser-assisted 3D bio printers utilize lasers to achieve precise control over the printing process, allowing for high-resolution and intricate tissue structures. This technology is particularly useful for applications that require detailed patterns and complex geometries. By employing laser energy to cure bioinks, this method enables rapid prototyping and the production of sophisticated tissue constructs. As research and development continue to advance in this area, the demand for laser-assisted bio printers is expected to increase, driven by the need for accurate and reliable bioprinting solutions in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

By Region

North America has emerged as a leading region in the 3D bio printers market, accounting for approximately 40% of the global market share in 2025. The presence of leading biotechnology companies, advanced healthcare infrastructure, and substantial investments in research and development contribute to the region's strong position. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of personalized medicine and a robust focus on innovative healthcare solutions are expected to sustain growth in the North American market, with a projected CAGR of 20.2% from 2025 to 2035. The United States is expected to maintain a dominant influence in this space, leading to further advancements in bioprinting technologies.

Europe is another significant market for 3D bio printers, holding around 30% of the global market share in 2025. The growing emphasis on research and development in healthcare, coupled with increased funding for bioprinting projects, is expected to drive market growth in this region. Countries such as Germany, the UK, and France are at the forefront of bioprinting innovation, exploring diverse applications across tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The European market is forecasted to grow with a CAGR of 18.5% from 2025 to 2035, as more healthcare providers and research institutions adopt 3D bio printing technologies.

Opportunities

The 3D bio printers market is replete with opportunities driven by technological advancements and an increasing focus on personalized medicine. The demand for customized medical solutions is rising, as healthcare providers seek to improve patient outcomes through tailored implants and drug testing models. Bioprinting technologies can address the urgent need for organ transplants, and the ongoing research into printing viable organs is creating new pathways for market growth. Moreover, partnerships between healthcare organizations and technology firms are likely to accelerate innovation, leading to the development of next-generation bioprinting technologies. As regulatory agencies continue to establish frameworks for the use of bioprinted products, the market is set to expand further, facilitating widespread adoption across various healthcare settings.

Another area of opportunity lies in the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with 3D bio printing. The incorporation of AI-driven methodologies can enhance the design and optimization of bioinks, facilitating the production of more complex and functional tissue structures. Furthermore, AI algorithms can be utilized to predict the behavior of printed tissues in vivo, providing critical insights into the effectiveness of bioprinted implants and therapies. As the healthcare industry increasingly embraces technology-driven solutions, the collaboration between AI and 3D bio printing is anticipated to create unique opportunities, opening new avenues for innovation and growth in the market.

Threats

Despite the promising outlook for the 3D bio printers market, several threats could hinder its progress. One of the foremost challenges is the ethical and legal concerns surrounding the use of bioprinted tissues, especially in the context of organ transplantation and regenerative medicine. The regulatory landscape is still evolving, and the lack of standardized guidelines for bioprinting may create uncertainty among manufacturers and healthcare providers. Additionally, the complexity of integrating bioprinting technologies into existing healthcare systems poses another significant hurdle, as hospitals and clinics may face challenges in training personnel and adopting new processes. Furthermore, potential technical limitations, such as the scalability of bioprinting technologies and the consistency of printed tissues, may hinder widespread acceptance and adoption.

In terms of restraining factors, the high costs associated with 3D bio printing technologies can act as a significant barrier to entry for smaller healthcare providers and research institutions. The initial investment in acquiring advanced bioprinting systems, coupled with the ongoing costs for bioinks and maintenance, may deter some potential users from adopting this technology. Furthermore, the limited availability of skilled personnel trained in operating and managing bioprinting systems can restrict market growth. As the field of bioprinting continues to evolve, addressing these challenges will be crucial for ensuring the long-term success and viability of the 3D bio printers market.

Competitor Outlook

• Organovo Holdings, Inc.
• 3D Systems Corporation
• Stratasys Ltd.
• Aspect Biosystems Ltd.
• EnvisionTEC, Inc.
• Cellink AB
• Regenhu SA
• Biobot Surgical, Inc.
• Allevi, Inc.
• Fabrica 3D
• Inventia Life Science
• Advanced Solutions Life Sciences
• Xerox Corporation
• Materials Sciences Corporation
• Nano3D Biosciences, Inc.

The competitive landscape of the 3D bio printers market is characterized by a mix of established companies and innovative startups, all vying for a share of this rapidly growing industry. Major players such as Organovo Holdings, Inc. and 3D Systems Corporation lead the market with their advanced bioprinting technologies and extensive product portfolios. Organovo is particularly known for its work in developing functional human tissues for use in drug testing and research, while 3D Systems has broadened its offerings to include various bioprinting solutions spanning different applications. The ongoing research and development efforts by these companies are crucial for sustaining their leadership positions and driving further advancements in the field.

Emerging companies such as Aspect Biosystems and Cellink AB are also making significant strides in the market by introducing innovative bioprinting technologies and bioinks tailored for specific applications. Aspect Biosystems focuses on developing 3D bioprinting solutions for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, while Cellink is recognized for its versatile bioink offerings. These companies are capitalizing on the growing demand for personalized medicine and customized healthcare solutions, positioning themselves as key players in the industry. Their commitment to research and collaboration with academic institutions enhances their ability to innovate and expand their market reach, creating healthy competition within the sector.

Additionally, companies such as EnvisionTEC and Regenhu SA are contributing to the competitive landscape by offering unique bioprinting technologies, including their own proprietary bioinks and printing methods. EnvisionTEC is known for its high-resolution 3D printing solutions, while Regenhu specializes in extrusion-based bioprinting technologies that enable the production of complex tissue structures. The collaboration between these companies and various healthcare providers, research institutions, and regulatory bodies is essential for advancing the field of bioprinting, ensuring safety, and promoting widespread acceptance of bioprinted products. The continued evolution of the competitive landscape will play a crucial role in shaping the future of the 3D bio printers market.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Cellink AB
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Fabrica 3D
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Regenhu SA
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Allevi, Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Stratasys Ltd.
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 EnvisionTEC, Inc.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Xerox Corporation
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Biobot Surgical, Inc.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Inventia Life Science
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 3D Systems Corporation
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Aspect Biosystems Ltd.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Organovo Holdings, Inc.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Nano3D Biosciences, Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Materials Sciences Corporation
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Advanced Solutions Life Sciences
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 3D Bio Printers in Medical Market, By End User
    • 6.1.1 Hospitals
    • 6.1.2 Biotechnology Companies
    • 6.1.3 Academic Institutes
    • 6.1.4 Research Laboratories
    • 6.1.5 Pharmaceutical Companies
  • 6.2 3D Bio Printers in Medical Market, By Technology
    • 6.2.1 Inkjet-based
    • 6.2.2 Extrusion-based
    • 6.2.3 Laser-assisted
  • 6.3 3D Bio Printers in Medical Market, By Application
    • 6.3.1 Tissue Engineering
    • 6.3.2 Drug Testing
    • 6.3.3 Regenerative Medicine
    • 6.3.4 Medical Implants
    • 6.3.5 Research and Development
  • 6.4 3D Bio Printers in Medical Market, By Product Type
    • 6.4.1 Magnetic 3D Bio Printers
    • 6.4.2 Syringe-based 3D Bio Printers
    • 6.4.3 Laser-assisted 3D Bio Printers
    • 6.4.4 Inkjet 3D Bio Printers
    • 6.4.5 Extrusion-based 3D Bio Printers

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 3D Bio Printers in Medical Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global 3D Bio Printers in Medical market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Magnetic 3D Bio Printers
• Syringe-based 3D Bio Printers
• Laser-assisted 3D Bio Printers
• Inkjet 3D Bio Printers
• Extrusion-based 3D Bio Printers

By Application

• Tissue Engineering
• Drug Testing
• Regenerative Medicine
• Medical Implants
• Research and Development

By End User

• Hospitals
• Biotechnology Companies
• Academic Institutes
• Research Laboratories
• Pharmaceutical Companies

By Technology

• Inkjet-based
• Extrusion-based
• Laser-assisted

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Organovo Holdings, Inc.
• 3D Systems Corporation
• Stratasys Ltd.
• Aspect Biosystems Ltd.
• EnvisionTEC, Inc.
• Cellink AB
• Regenhu SA
• Biobot Surgical, Inc.
• Allevi, Inc.
• Fabrica 3D
• Inventia Life Science
• Advanced Solutions Life Sciences
• Xerox Corporation
• Materials Sciences Corporation
• Nano3D Biosciences, Inc.